内皮素-1对人系膜细胞表达MMP-3及TIMP-1的影响

目的研究内皮素-1(ET-1)对人系膜细胞(MC)基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)及其组织抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)表达的影响。方法采用体外MC培养,应用细胞ELISA法测定MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白的表达。结果ET-1促进MC内MMP-3、TIMP-1蛋白表达,但MMP-3/TIMP-1比值呈剂量及时间依赖性下降。结论ET-1可能是人系膜细胞内MMP-3/TIMP-1比值下降的原因之一,这与肾小球细胞外基质降解受抑密切相关。     

晶状体膜蛋白MIP基因C末端一个新的错义突变导致双眼多形性先天性白内障

目的 定位一个双眼多形性先天性白内障家系的致病位点,寻找疾病家系的致病基因.方法 应用ABI-MD10试剂盒中的常染色体382个微卫星位点,对一个常染色体显性、双眼具有不同白内障形态的先天性白内障家系进行全基因组扫描.MLINK软件进行两点连锁分析.直接测序候选基因外显子.结果 在D12S83处获得最大LOD值Zmax=5.44(θ=0),该家系致病位点被定位到12p11.2-q15之间的区域上,在该区域的白内障候选基因晶状体膜蛋白基因(major intrinsic protein,MIP)的第4外显子中发现单个碱基错义突变,702ntG→A,导致p.R233K.结论 该先天性白内障由MIP基因702ntG→A突变所致,导致MIP蛋白质的C-末端中p.R233K,从而可能减少了氢键的形成,影响了该蛋白C-末端的稳定性,推测影响了MIP对水的调节及由该蛋白质形成的细胞之间的连接.这一新突变为目前世界上首次报道.     

蛇足石杉内生真菌2F09P03B产石杉碱甲发酵条件的研究

 目的 研究发酵条件对蛇足石杉支顶孢属内生真菌2F09P03B 石杉碱甲生成的影响，并探讨发酵条件的优化。 方法 通过测定 2F09P03B 生长曲线、石杉碱甲积累曲线和培养液 pH 值随时间的变化情况，了解该菌株的培养特性；考察不同碳源和氮源对石杉碱甲积累的影响。在单因素试验的基础上，利用正交试验优化培养基碳源、氮源组成；考察 MgSO4、KH2PO4、NaCl、CaSO4 对石杉碱甲生成的影响，确定无机盐组成；优化接种量、发酵时间、培养温度、摇床转速等发酵工艺条件。 结果 菌株 2F09P03B 的最佳培养基组成为：马铃薯 150 g/L，玉米粉 30 g/L，麦芽糖 25 g/L，酵母膏 10 g/L，麸皮 30 g/L，KH2PO4 1.5 g/L，MgSO4 0.5g/L，NaCl 0.3 g/L，CaSO4 0.3 g/L，pH 自然；最佳发酵工艺条件为：接种量 8%，发酵时间 10 d，培养温度 28 ℃，摇床转数 140 r/min。在此条件下，发酵液中石杉碱甲含量为 8.17 μg/L，最高达到 8.32 μg/L，约为其干重的 0.07% 左右。 结论 发酵条件对菌株 2F09P03B 石杉碱甲产量有明显影响。优化后的发酵条件可使该菌株石杉碱甲产量明显提高，有望成为石杉碱甲新药源。     

人胚胎干细胞原代克隆生长及其传代的研究

目的 评价人胚胎干细胞建系与囊胚质量、原代克隆生长的关系。方法 D3废弃胚胎成组共培养获得不同质量的囊胚，免疫刀去除囊胚滋养外胚层细胞后，将内细胞团(ICM)接种到饲养细胞层上生长、传代。结果 从质量好的囊胚得到的人胚胎干细胞传代的代数更多；原代克隆生长快的人胚胎干细胞传代效率更高。结论 人胚胎干细胞建系与囊胚质量、原代克隆生长情况密切相关。     

伤寒减毒活疫苗Ty21a免疫前后小鼠肠细胞差异表达的基因

以基因表达谱芯片对Ty2 1a免疫前后小鼠肠细胞 (包括肠粘膜上皮细胞和肠上皮间淋巴细胞 )基因表达的差异性进行研究比较。将 490条经抑制消减杂交法筛选出的与小鼠Ty2 1a免疫相关的cDNA制备成表达谱芯片 ;利用免疫前后小鼠肠细胞的mRNA通过逆转录方法 ,将Cy3和Cy5两种荧光分别标记到两种组织的cDNA上 ,制备成cDNA探针 ,并与表达谱芯片进行杂交及扫描 ,单点重复 2次实验 ,通过计算机数据处理判定基因是否在上述两种细胞群中有表达差异。筛选出差异表达基因共 98条 ,其中 92条为表达上调基因 ,6条为表达降低基因。提示 ,基因表达谱芯片技术是高通量进行基因表达模式研究的方法 ,可同时定量研究大量的基因表达水平 ,从而鉴定可能参与免疫的基因。     

鱼腥草注射液抗内毒素性心肌损伤作用的实验研究

目的:揭示鱼腥草注射液抗内毒素诱导的心肌损伤作用的机制。方法:取SD雄性大鼠24只随机分成正常对照组(NC组,n=6),内毒素组(ET组,n=6),鱼腥草注射液+内毒素组(HHI+ET组,n=6)和单纯鱼腥草注射液组(HHI组,n=6),在Langendorff装置上用Krebs-Henseleit(KH)液对大鼠离体心脏行主动脉逆灌。在相应时点以HR、LVSP、LVEDP、LVDP、+dp/dt_max、-dp/dt_max等6项参数为指标,测定冠脉流出液中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量及心肌组织一氧化氮(NO)含量、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性。结果:与ET组相比,HHI+ET组在相应时点,左心室压差与心率乘积(LVSP-LVEDP)×HR、LVDP、+dp/dt_max恢复百分率明显改善,对内毒素诱导的心肌SOD、SDH活性的降低和MDA、NO含量的升高有明显抑制作用。结论:鱼腥草注射液具有明显的抗内毒素心肌损伤作用,通过降低心肌中NO的量,增强心肌的抗氧化能力,稳定心肌酶活性和膜相结构等途径,提高心肌对内毒素性损伤的抵抗力。     

Reduced Left Ventricular Compliance and Mechanical Efficiency after Prolonged Inhibition of NO Synthesis in Conscious Dogs

Acute inhibition of NO synthesis decreases left ventricular (LV) work and external efficiency, but it is unknown whether compensatory mechanisms can limit the alterations in LV mechanoenergetics after prolonged NO deficiency. Eight chronically instrumented male mongrel dogs received 35 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹ of N ^ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester orally for 10 days to inhibit NO synthesis. At spontaneous beating frequency, heart rate, coronary blood flow, peak LV pressure, end-diastolic LV pressure and the maximum derivative of LV pressure (d P /d t _max) were not significantly different vs. baseline, whereas LV end-diastolic diameter (32.5 ± 1.0 vs. 37.6 ± 1.4 mm) and LV stroke work (515 ± 38 vs. 650 ± 44 mmHg mm), were reduced (all P < 0.05). The slope of the LV end-systolic pressure-diameter relationship was increased at 10 days vs. baseline (13.9 ± 1.0 vs. 9.6 ± 0.9 mmHg mm⁻¹, P < 0.05), while the end-diastolic LV diameter was smaller at matched LV end-diastolic pressures. At fixed heart rate (130 beats min⁻¹), cardiac oxygen consumption was increased (12.2 ± 1.5 vs. 9.9 ± 1.0 ml min⁻¹), and the ratio between stroke work and oxygen consumption was decreased by 33 ±7 % (all P < 0.05) after NO inhibition. We conclude that sustained inhibition of NO synthesis in dogs causes a decrease in LV work despite an increased contractility, which is most probably due to reduced diastolic compliance and a decrease in external efficiency. Thus, prolonged NO deficiency is not compensated for on the level of LV mechanoenergetics in vivo .     

CM1 ligation initiates apoptosis in a caspase 8-dependent manner in Ramos cells and in a mitochondria-controlled manner in Raji cells

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a tumor with the characteristics of germinal center B cells. We previously reported that the CM1 (centrocyte/-blast marker 1) molecule is expressed only in germinal center B cells, specifically, in a subpopulation of centroblasts and centrocytes. In the present study, we investigated the apoptosis induced by anti-CM1 in the Ramos and Raji human BL cell lines. The Ramos is protected from apoptosis by the crosslinking of sIgM and the calcium ionophore by the ligation of CD40 with anti-CD40 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) or soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). In this investigation on the effect of CM1 on apoptosis in BL cell lines, we found that cellular signaling by CM1 induces apoptosis and decreases cell viability, in BL cell lines cultured for 24 hours with protein-G agarose beads conjugated anti-CM1 mAb. Stimulation by CD40 ligated with sCD40L protected Raji cells from CM1-induced apoptosis, but did not protect Ramos cells. Furthermore, after anti-CM1 mAb stimulation, CD95 expression was upregulated and CD40 expression was unaltered or slightly decreased in Ramos cells, whereas CD95 was downregulated and CD40 was slightly upregulated in Raji cells. The engagement of CD40 by sCD40L enhanced CD95 expression, but the level of CM1 expression was unchanged in Ramos. However, sCD40L downregulated both CD95 and CM1 expression in Raji. In addition, the caspase-8 specific inhibitor blocked CM1-induced apoptosis in Ramos cells, but not in Raji cells. Increased mitochondrial membrane permeabilization was observed only in Raji cells. Moreover, the effector caspase inhibitor, z-DEVD, blocked CM1-mediated apoptosis in both cell lines. We found that CM1-induced apoptosis is achieved via different initiation pathways, which are cell-type dependent.     

白藜芦醇诱导胃癌原代细胞凋亡(英文)

目的：探讨白藜芦醇诱导胃癌原代细胞发生凋亡的可能性，揭示该凋亡发生与Bcl-2和Bax之间的关系。 方法： 在体外实验中，采用MTT比色法测定白藜芦醇对胃癌原代细胞的生长抑制率；以透射电镜和TUNEL 染色法，定性、定量地研究白藜芦醇与胃癌原代细胞凋亡的关系；通过免疫组织化学法和RT-PCR检测凋亡相关基因bcl-2和bax的表达。 结果： 白藜芦醇对胃癌原代细胞生长有明显抑制作用，随白藜芦醇浓度增加和培养时间的延长而增强；白藜芦醇诱导胃癌原代细胞出现典型的凋亡细胞形态；TUNEL 染色法可见，经白藜芦醇处理24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h后，胃癌原代细胞凋亡数明显随时间增加。免疫组化发现经白藜芦醇处理24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h后，胃癌原代细胞的Bcl-2蛋白阳性率减少，Bax蛋白阳性率增加。经白藜芦醇处理24、48、72、96 h后，RT-PCR检测发现胃癌原代细胞bcl-2和bax的mRNA表达阳性，并显示bcl-2 mRNA条带密度随时间的延长而递减，bax mRNA条带密度随时间的延长而增强。 结论： 白藜芦醇可能通过下调bcl-2的表达和上调bax的表达而诱导胃癌原代细胞发生凋亡。