关节镜下改良张力带固定治疗髌骨骨折患者的康复护理

对38例新鲜髌骨骨折患者行关节镜直视下骨折复位,改良张力带固定,术前和术后给予及时有效的功能康复和护理指导,取得满意的效果。平均随访18.6个月,骨折平均愈合时间7.5周,所有病例愈合良好,无并发症出现。关节镜治疗髌骨骨折为髌骨骨折提供了一种新的治疗方法。应针对其解剖特点制订科学、有效的护理方法。     

CA510全自动血凝仪的使用与维护

本文论述了CA510全自动血凝仪的日常使用注意事项及一些常见错误报警的分析处理方法.     

Expression of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ligands in human Granulosa lutein cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Corpus luteum development is regulated by gonadotropins and accompanied by extremely rapid vascularization of the avascular granulosa cell compartiment by endothelial cells (EC). The proliferation of Granulosa cells (GC) and EC is a complex interplay and takes place in a spatially and temporarily coordinated manner. The erythropoietin-producing hepatoma amplified sequence (Eph) receptors and their ligands-the ephrins- are a recently detected family of membrane located protein tyrosine kinases which play a crucial role in the growth and development of nerve and blood vessel network. We report about the mRNA expression pattern of Ephs and their ligands in human GC, in human EC, and in carcinoma cell lines OvCar-3 and Hela. The mRNA of EphA4, EphA7, ephrinA4, ephrinB1 and ephrinB2 was detected in GC and EC, while EphA2 was expressed only in GC. The expression of various Ephs and ephrins did not change in GC after stimulation with human chorion gonadotropin. Our study analyzes for the first time the expression of the complete human Eph/ephriny-system in GC and in EC. The remarkable similarity between these two cell types supports the theory of a functional relationship of EC and GC. In addition, it was shown that hCG is not a major determinant of Eph/ephrin regulation in GC.     

国人上矢状窦窦腔内结构的内镜解剖

目的观察国人上矢状窦窦腔内结构，特别是纤维索和蛛网膜颗粒的完整解剖形态。方法成人头颅标本5具，去除颅盖，应用内镜观察研究上矢状窦窦腔内纤维索及蛛网膜颗粒的原始结构特征；并纵行剖开管腔，显微镜下观察纤维索、蛛网膜颗粒。结果内镜下观察上矢状窦管腔内纤维索大致分3种类型：瓣膜状（47．1％）、小梁状（30．6％）、板层状（22．3％）。蛛网膜颗粒多集中于上矢状窦中段侧壁及静脉隐窝处呈指状突起突入窦腔。结论内镜较常规解剖手段可以更直观地观察上矢状窦窦腔内结构的完整形态特征。     

急性胆囊炎腹腔镜手术时机探讨及操作技巧

目的 探讨急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的手术时机，并总结操作技巧。方法 回顾性分析2000年6月～2005年6月265例腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗急性胆囊炎的临床资料。结果 265例中手术成功244例，成功率92．1％。中转开腹21例，其中小于72小时（Ⅰ组），超过72小时（Ⅱ组）的中转率分别为3．1％（4／129），12．5％（17／136）。Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组比较成功率无明显差别（P〉0．05）。全组无死亡病例，也无严重并发症发生。结论 急性胆囊炎行腹腔镜胆囊切除术安全可行，只要无内科禁忌证，应积极开展腹腔镜手术。     

管状膨体聚四氟乙烯用于组织工程支架材料的动物实验研究

目的：研究膨体聚四氟乙烯(ePTFE)植入动物体内后与机体的关系。方法：管状膨体聚四氟乙烯两端闭合，内充DMEM培养液，埋入家兔皮下，观察宿主生命情况，于术后1、2、4、6周取出标本，行大体及光镜下观察。结果：家兔在植入膨体聚四氟乙烯材料及DMEM培养液后存活情况良好，DMEM培养液在1周时即已完全无色透明；4周时膨体聚四氟乙烯与周围组织有粘连，6周时粘连紧密；光镜下观察，各时间点材料间隙均可见着色，1周时可见少量淋巴细胞浸润，无血管及组织细胞。材料内壁未见细胞附着。结论：植入膨体聚四氟乙烯材料及少量DMEM培养液对宿主动物存活无影响；管内外液体可相互交通，管状膨体聚四氟乙烯可作为组织工程化尿道的支架材料。     

成年大鼠纹状体海人藻酸损伤后nestin的表达

目的　 研究成年大鼠纹状体海人藻酸 (kainicacid,KA)损伤后不同时间点nestin的表达并探讨其机制。方法　向成年SD大鼠纹状体内立体定位注射 0 .5 μlKA(1mg/ml) ,分别于手术后第 1、3、7、14天用免疫组织化学法检测纹状体内nestin表达的变化。结果　 正常纹状体内可观察到微弱的淡染nestin样免疫活性阳性细胞 ;大鼠纹状体KA损伤后 1d ,nestin样免疫活性增强 ;第 3天nestin样免疫活性达峰值 ,nestin样免疫活性阳性细胞的胞体肥大 ,突起粗大 ,分支增加 ;此后nestin样免疫活性阳性细胞染色强度减弱 ,其胞体和突起逐渐变小变细。 结论　 成年大鼠纹状体内注射海人藻酸可诱导nestin的大量表达 ,该表达可能与脑损伤后的自身修复相关。     

阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱联合应用治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症的研究

目的:探讨阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱(替勃龙)联合应用治疗子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症的疗效及其耐受性。方法:研究对象为1998年1月～2001年6月期间在我院诊治的40例子宫内膜异位症合并不孕症患者。实验组给以阿拉瑞林及利维爱,对照组单用阿拉瑞林。结果:用药后两组患者血清E2、P、FSH、LH水平及AEMAb、CA125阳性率均明显下降;症状体征明显改善;在治疗结束后6个月,实验组中55％、对照组中45％患者妊娠,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验组未出现低雌激素症候群,而对照组中85％患者出现该症候群,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:阿拉瑞林与小剂量利维爱联合应用不仅疗效好,而且副作用小。     

无精子症和严重少精子症134例遗传学分析

目的：研究无精子症和严重少精子症患者染色体畸变及Y染色体(Yql1区)无精子症因子(azoospermic factor，AZF)缺失情况，建立Y染色体微缺失的临床筛查方法。方法：对134例患者(无精子症97例，严重少精子症37例)经染色体核型分析及AZF、区三个位点8对引物PCR扩增，检测染色体畸变和Y染色体微缺失率。结果：134例中染色体核型异常9例，占6．72％。AZF缺失18例，缺失率为13．43％。无精子症和严重少精子症AZF、缺失率分别为14．43％、10．81％。结论：染色体畸变和Y染色体微缺失是导致无精子症和严重少精子症的主要原因之一。无精子症缺失率高于严重少精子症患者。AZF区三个位点8对引物PCR扩增可作为Y染色体微缺失的临床筛查方法。     

Angiopoietin1/Tie2 and VEGF/Flk1 induced by MSC treatment amplifies angiogenesis and vascular stabilization after stroke.

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) increase vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and promote angiogenesis after stroke. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and its receptor Tie2 mediate vascular integrity and angiogenesis as does VEGF and its receptors. In this study, we tested whether MSC treatment of stroke increases Ang1/Tie2 expression, and whether Ang1/Tie2 with VEGF/ vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) (Flk1), in combination, induced by MSCs enhances angiogenesis and vascular integrity. Male Wistar rats were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and treated with or without MSCs. Marrow stromal cell treatment significantly decreased blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage and increased Ang1, Tie2, and occludin (a tight junction protein) expression in the ischemic border compared with MCAo control. To further test the mechanisms of MSC-induced angiogenesis and vascular stabilization, cocultures of MSCs with mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) or astrocytes were performed. Supernatant derived from MSCs cocultured with MBECs significantly increased MBEC expression of Ang1/Tie2 and Flk1 compared with MBEC alone. Marrow stromal cells cocultured with astrocytes also significantly increased astrocyte VEGF and Ang1/Tie2 expression compared with astrocyte culture alone. Conditioned media from MSCs alone, and media from cocultures of MSCs with astrocytes or MBECs, all significantly increased capillary tube-like formation of MBEC compared with control Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium media. Inhibition of Flk1 and/or Ang1 significantly decreased MSC-induced MBEC tube formation. Knockdown of Tie2 expression in MBECs significantly inhibited MSC-induced tube formation. Our data indicate MSC treatment of stroke promotes angiogenesis and vascular stabilization, which is at least partially mediated by VEGF/Flk1 and Ang1/Tie2.