Isolation and characterization of 57 novel polynucleotide microsatellites from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) genome for genetic analysis

Yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) is one of the important economic freshwater fish in Eastern Asia. In recent years, the wild resources were decreased sharply due to overfishing and pollution. It is necessary to conserve the wild stocks for the sustainable use of the species. In this study, 200 microsatellite markers were isolated from yellow catfish genome using Roche 454 pyrosequencing method. Among these markers, 57 exhibited polymorphism in yellow catfish population collected from Songhua River in China. The number of alleles ranged from 2 to 13 and the number of effect alleles ranged from 1.112 to 8.980. The observed heterozygosity (H _o) and the expected heterozygosity (H _e) varied from 0.106 to 0.957 and from 0.102 to 0.898, respectively. Most loci conformed to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium with the exclusion of five loci. These polymorphic loci will be valuable for population genetic structure and genetic conservation for the P. fulvidraco.     

Change in renal parenchymal volume in living kidney transplant donors

Purpose

Uninephrectomy would induce compensatory hypertrophy in the remaining kidney. We investigated the relationship between changes in renal parenchymal volume (RPV) and renal function after nephrectomy in living kidney donors.

Methods

From July 2011 and January 2012, 45 kidney donors were enrolled in this study. Magnetic resonance scanning was performed before surgery, 3 and 7 days postoperatively, and RPV was calculated through disc summarize methods. Participants were followed up for 1 year.

Results

The RPV of the remaining kidney was 118.06 ± 23.51 cm³ and then increased by 21.23 % to 143.13 ± 25.52 cm³ at 3 days and by 24.17 % to 146.60 ± 25.86 cm³ at 7 days. Multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative RPV is positively related to its initial function (p = 0.037); the RPV at 7 days is directly related to its initial, preoperative size (p < 0.001). With respect to change in postoperative RPV, there is bigger gain in size in smaller kidneys (p = 0.005). The kidneys that has ≥20 % increase RPV after 7 days are more likely to show further increase in GFR at 1 year (p = 0.024).

Conclusions

Uninephrectomy induced immediately increment in RPV of the remaining kidney. Donors with RPV increase of ≥20 % at 1 week have a more favourable renal function adaptation at 1 year.     

皮质下动脉硬化性脑病伴发抑郁的治疗分析

目的:观察抗抑郁治疗对皮质下动脉硬化性脑病伴发抑郁症患者抑郁症状、神经功能缺损及日常生活能力的改善情况。方法:选择2002-01/2005-06来自于河南省人民医院神经科门诊和住院的患者110例,随机分为米氮平治疗组(n=38),阿米替林治疗组(n=36)、对照组(n=36),各组均行常规神经营养药物和促智药物治疗,米氮平治疗组同时口服米氮平30mg/次,1次/晚;阿米替林组同时口服阿米替林25mg/次,分早晚两次口服,最大剂量为100mg/d,总疗程均为12～24周,治理期间不合并其他抗抑郁或精神障碍药。治疗前、治疗后1,2,4、8,12周及6个月分别采用汉密顿抑郁量表评定患者的抑郁症状。于治疗前及治疗后12周、6个月进行神经功能缺损和日常生活能力评定。记录治疗期间米氮平治疗组和阿米替林治疗组不良反应发生情况。并于6个月对各组患者的并发症及预后进行评定。结果:纳入患者110例,由于调查过程中停药、失访、患并发症、死亡等原因,米氮平治疗组、阿米替林治疗组和对照组分别脱落5、6和6例,分别进入结果分析33、30和30例。①汉密顿抑郁量表评分结果:米氮平治疗组在治疗第1,2,4,8,12周及6个月时汉密尔顿抑郁量表得分均明显低于治疗前及对照组(P<0.01～0.05),阿米替林组在治疗后第2,4,8,12周及6个月时汉密尔顿抑郁量表得分低于治疗前及对照组(P<0.01～0.05)。②神经功能缺损及日常生活能力评定。结果:米氮平治疗组及阿米替林治疗组在治疗后第12周、6个月时神经功能缺损评分均明显低于治疗前及对照组(P<0.01～0.05),日常生活能力得分明显高于治疗前及对照组(P<0.01～0.05)。③不良反应发生情况:治疗期间米氮平导致口干、便秘、视力模糊、恶心、呕吐、心电图异常、尿潴留等不良反应发生情况明显少于阿米替林治疗组(P<0.01～0.05)。④各组治疗后并发症及预后比较:对照组肺部感染、尿路感染、脑卒中、心血管事件的发生率高于米氮平治疗组、阿米替林治疗组(P<0.01～0.05),其死亡率也明显增高(P<0.01～0.05)。结论:抗抑郁治疗能有效改善皮质下动脉硬化性脑病伴抑郁的症状,有利于患者神经功能康复,提高生活能力,减少并发症,米氮平治疗副反应少,更安全。     

New bone formation enhanced by ADSCs overexpressing hRunx2 during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in osteoporotic rabbits

Promoting new bone formation during distraction osteogenesis (DO) in elderly patients with osteoporosis is still a challenge. In this study, we investigated the effect of gene therapy using local Runt‐related gene 2 on new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO in rabbits. First, we successfully established a mandibular osteoporotic animal model by ovariectomizing rabbits. Second, the right mandibles of the osteoporotic rabbits were distracted after corticotomy. The distraction gap of the rabbits in Group A2 and B2 were injected with Adv‐hRunx2‐GFP‐transfected adipose‐derived stromal cells (ADSCs) and Adv‐GFP‐transfected ADSCs, respectively. Rabbits in Groups C2 (ovariectomized control) and D2 (sham surgery control) were injected with physiologic saline. New‐generation bone tissue in the distraction gap was analyzed via plain radiographic examinations, micro‐computed tomography, histological examinations, and biomechanical testing at weeks 3, 6, and 9 of the consolidation period. Results of above examinations showed that no ideal new bone formation was observed in Groups B2 and C2, but obvious ideal new bone formation was observed in Group A2 and D2. The results suggested that gene therapy using rhRunx2‐modified ADSCs promoted new bone formation during osteoporotic mandibular DO and effectively compensated for the detrimental effects of systemic osteoporosis on new bone formation. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:709–720, 2014.     

动力髋螺钉与人工股骨头置换治疗高龄患者股骨粗隆间骨折的对比分析

[目的]对比分析动力髋螺钉内固定(DHS)与人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的临床疗效,评价两种手术治疗方案的优劣.[方法]选取2002年4月至2007年3月本院收治的高龄股骨粗隆间骨折患者69例,其中应用DHS手术内固定治疗37例,人工股骨头置换术治疗32例.对两组患者的手术时间、术中失血量、住院时间、卧床时间、并发症、疗效优良率等6项临床指标以及患侧髋关节功能评估进行统计学分析.[结果]所有患者均获得随访,随访时间6个月至3年,平均2.1年,6项临床指标均显示股骨头置换组疗效明显优于DHS组, 两组数据差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]人工股骨头置换术治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折较DHS内固定有明显优势,可作为临床治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的一种合理选择.     

超声引导下深静脉穿刺置管技术在围术期小儿患者中的应用

目的：探讨超声引导下深静脉穿刺置管技术在围术期小儿患者中的应用效果。方法选取我院接收的80例择期拟行手术患儿作为本次的研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾分析。结果观察组患儿的穿刺置管时间、穿刺总成功率、一次穿刺成功率、失败率及并发症发生率与对照组比较均有统计学差异（P ＜0.05）。结论给予择期手术患儿超声引导下深静脉穿刺置管术治疗可提高成功率,减少并发症,具有较高的应用价值,可推广应用。