调脂胶囊治疗高脂血症的临床观察

目的 :观察调脂胶囊对高脂血症的疗效。方法 :将159例高脂血症患者随机分为3组 ,观察组75例服调脂胶囊 ,对照1组52例服多稀康 ,对照2组32例服非诺贝特。结果 :3组对血脂的总有效率分别为 :92.0 %、82 7 %和90 6 %。观察组与对照1组总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)治疗均值比较均P<0.05 ;与对照2组比较TGP<0.05 ,其余各项血脂均P>0.05。结论 :各组均有良好的降脂、调脂作用 ,但观察组优于多稀康 ,对TG作用优于非诺贝特     

广州市2008-2015年未接受抗病毒治疗的男男性行为人群艾滋病病毒感染者耐药分析

目的 了解广州市未接受抗病毒治疗的MSM人群HIV感染者（MSM感染者）耐药株流行状况。方法 收集2008－2015年新确证HIV-1抗体阳性、现住址为广州市、传播途径为男男性行为传播、确证时未接受过抗病毒治疗的MSM感染者血清样本,提取HIV-1 RNA,采用巢式PCR法扩增HIV-1 pol区全部蛋白酶（PR）和部分反转录酶（RT）基因片段,测序后提交到美国斯坦福大学HIV耐药数据库进行耐药分析。结果 2 283例MSM感染者中,共有1 986例血清样本成功获得pol区基因片段,年龄16～84（30.18±8.24）岁;未婚者占74.17%（1 473/1 986）;汉族占90.64%（1 800/1 986）;大专及以上占49.65%（986/1 986）,高中及中专占27.14%（539/1 986）,初中及以下占20.89%（415/1 986）。HIV-1亚型以CRF07_BC和CRF01_AE为主,分别为38.22%（759/1 986）和34.49%（685/1 986）。总耐药率为3.32%（66/1 986）,对蛋白酶抑制剂（PIs）耐药率为1.36%（27/1 986））,对核苷类反转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）耐药率为0.65%（13/1 986）,对非核苷类反转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs）耐药率为1.61%（32/1 986）。B亚型对3类药物的耐药率均较高,CRF55_01B对NNRTIs耐药率高于其他亚型。B亚型对司他夫定（D4T）、依非韦仑（EFV）、奈韦拉平（NVP）的耐药率最高,均为4.17%（5/120）;其次是那非那韦（NFV）、齐多夫定（AZT）、利匹韦林（RPV）,均为3.33%（4/120）。CRF55_01B对EFV、NVP的耐药率最高,均为5.50%（16/291）;其次是依曲韦林（ETR）、RPV,均为5.15%（15/291）。结论 广州市未接受抗病毒治疗的MSM感染者耐药率处于低水平,现有抗病毒药物在总体上仍是有效的。但B亚型和CRF55_01B亚型耐药率相对较高,值得关注。     

食管型颈椎病致吞咽困难一例

患者女,58岁,因“吞咽困难2年,加重1个月”就诊。患者于2年前出现无诱因吞咽困难,在当地医院诊断为“慢性咽炎”,予相应保守治疗,症状未见明显缓解。1个月前患者吞咽困难加重,只能进食软食或流食。当地医院颈椎X线片示:C5-6椎体前缘明显唇样骨质增生,骨赘形成(图1A)。食管锁餐造影示:食管黏膜光滑,无充盈缺损或龛影,但食管受压,在节段最为明显(图1B)。     

重型血友病甲凝血因子Ⅷ基因内含子22倒位的研究

应用ＤＮＡＳｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ印迹法，检测６６例血友病甲患者。发现２２例有凝血因子ＶＩＩＩ（ＦＶＩＩＩ）基因内含子２２的倒位，占３３．３％；在６６例患者中，４７例为重型，有倒位重组的患者均为重型，占重型患者的４６．８％。表明由倒位机制引起的重型血友病甲在中国人群中其发病率是较高的。因此对本病的发病机制、携带者检测和产前诊断具有重要理论和应用意义。     

急性淋巴细胞白血病T细胞受体δ基因不完全重排的研究

应用ＤＮＡ多聚酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术对急性淋巴细胞白血病（ＡＬＬ）进行了Ｔ细胞受体（ＴＣＲ）δ基因重排的研究，并获得了３个ＡＬＬ患者ＴＣＲδ基因的Ｖ－（Ｄ）－Ｄ结合部顺序（Ｎ顺序）。证明ＡＬＬ，特别是Ｂ细胞ＡＬＬ中，ＴＣＲδ基因不完全重排的发生率比较高，最常见的两种重排类型为Ｖδ２－（Ｄ）－Ｄδ３和Ｄδ１／２－Ｄδ３。δ基因的不完全重排是早期淋巴分化调控中一个重要的内容。δ基因Ｖ－（Ｄ）－Ｊ结合部     

Protective Effects of Total Flavonoids from Epimedium on the Male Mouse Reproductive System Against Cyclophosphamide‐Induced Oxidative Injury by Up‐Regulating the Expressions of SOD3 and GPX1

Total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) is the main active composition of Epimedium that has been used to treat male reproductive problems. The present aim was to investigate the protective effects of TFE on male mice reproductive system against cyclophosphamide (CP)‐induced oxidative injury. The animals were treated with CP to make testicular injury model and the protective effects of TFE were observed. In the CP‐treated group, testicular and epididymal weights, sperm count and motility significantly decreased relative to the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Compared with the CP‐treated group, TFE (200 and 400 mg/kg) treated mice increased testicular weights by 21.6% and 28.4% (P < 0.05), sperm counts by 81.7% and 148.3% (P < 0.01) and sperm motility by 47.2% and 61.3% (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the CP‐treated group showed enhancement of lipid peroxidation leading to testicular reproductive toxicity. TFE restored these oxidative damages by up‐regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes, especially SOD3 and GPX1. TUNEL assay and histopathological observations provided supportive evidence for above results, and when the dose of TFE increased, the aforesaid improvement became more and more strong. These results demonstrated that TFE exerted beneficially protective effects on the structural and functional damage of male mice reproductive system and reduced apoptosis in spermatogenic cells by inhibiting CP‐induced oxidative stress. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

老年消化道恶性肿瘤生存者运动行为改变的研究

目的探讨消化道恶性肿瘤生存者体能锻炼行为模式的改变和临床意义。方法采用回顾分析的方法,调查手术、化放疗后病情稳定的70岁以上Ⅰ～Ⅲ期消化道恶性肿瘤（食管癌、胃癌和结肠直肠癌）生存者,记录其诊断前、积极治疗3个月和1年的运动量和每周运动频率,并了解患者运动动机和偏好,探讨运动与肿瘤复发的关系。结果调查了72例消化道恶性肿瘤生存者,发现患者经治疗病情平稳后进行中、高强度运动的频率比诊断之前低,但1年后平均轻度和中等强度体力活动基本达到诊断前水平,而高强度锻炼频率仍低。根据指南,运动基本达标的患者占65．3％,肿瘤复发率为12．8％,不达标的患者占34．7％,复发率为16．0％,运动不达标时肿瘤复发的风险比（RR）为1．80（95％CI0．95～3．41,P=0．04）,有统计学意义。肿瘤生存者运动的动机主要有改善健康、增加体能,维持正常生活方式、增加免疫力等,而最常见的运动障碍是疲乏、缺少动机和不舒服等。结论初步研究表明,治疗期间恶性肿瘤生存者的体能锻炼参与比例下降,治疗完成后中轻度锻炼基本恢复到诊断前的水平,而高强度活动能力仍低,锻炼达到标准者较未达标者肿瘤复发率降低,（P=0．04）,有统计学意义。     

新乡地区反复自发性流产夫妇的病因学调查

３６４对反复自发性流产夫妇中共检出染色体异常者４１例,占受检总数的５．６３％,共有３２种异常核型,其中染色体数目异常１１例,结构异常３０例,１５例具有家族性遗传倾向,１７例为新突变者。ＴＯＲＣＨ试验,女性组ＴｏＡｂＩｇＭ、ＣＭＶＡｂＩｇＭ,与对照组有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）。１１对夫妇ＡＢＯ、Ｒｈ血型不合、抗体滴度〉１：３２。３例女性具有生殖系统器质性病变。提高染色体异常、感染、血型不合、器质性     

Semaphorin-3A,semaphorin-7A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms,and systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility

Abstract

Background: Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A) and Semaphorin-7A (Sema7A) play crucial roles in immune system by inhibiting T cell proliferation and leading to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Increasing evidence suggest that Sema3A and Sema7A may link to the development and pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the association of Sema3A, Sema7A gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to SLE.

Methods: There were 495 SLE patients and 493 healthy controls in the study. Sema3A gene and Sema7A gene were genotyped by improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR), their plasma expression levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: No differences in genotype and allele frequencies of these SNPs were observed between SLE patients and healthy controls. However, analysing Sema3A and Sema7A SNPs with clinical manifestations of SLE indicated that, in Sema3A, the A allele frequencies of rs7804122 polymorphism was higher in patients with oral ulcers. In Sema7A, there were differences in allele frequencies of the rs2075589 and rs28362930 polymorphisms between SLE patients with haematological disorder and those without. The GG genotype and G allele frequencies of rs28362930 and the CC genotype, and C allele frequencies of rs741761 were both related to discoid rash in SLE patients. The allele frequency of G (rs28362930) was higher in SLE patients with renal disorder. There were differences in the genotype frequencies and allele frequencies of rs741761 between SLE patients with and without arthritis. No differences in plasma Sema3A and Sema7A levels were detected in SLE patients of different genotypes.

Conclusions: Sema3A and Sema7A gene polymorphisms are not related to SLE genetic susceptibility, but may link to several clinical features of SLE.