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101.
目的:探讨血清中C反应蛋白(CRP)和补体C3水平在急性阑尾炎患儿预后中的关系。方法:筛选我院收治确诊为急性阑尾炎的32例患儿以及28例健康儿童血液样本,检测血清CRP和C3水平。对相关的各检测结果分别进行Pearson直线相关性分析和Logistic回归分析。结果:急性阑尾炎患儿血清CRP升高(P<0.01),C3含量降低(P<0.01);随严重程度升高,CRP增加,C3降低。Pearson分析表明,CRP与C3表达呈负相关(P<0.05);Logistic分析表明,CRP和C3均与急性阑尾炎诊断具有显著相关性(P<0.01);ROC曲线分析,结果显示CRP和C3在诊断急性阑尾炎中均具有显著的价值(P<0.01)。结论:CRP与C3能够诊断儿童急性阑尾炎,评估发病严重程度,指导临床采取合理治疗措施,改善患儿预后。 相似文献
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A flexible and simple Bayesian decision‐theoretic design for dose‐finding trials is proposed in this paper. In order to reduce the computational burden, we adopt a working model with conjugate priors, which is flexible to fit all monotonic dose‐toxicity curves and produces analytic posterior distributions. We also discuss how to use a proper utility function to reflect the interest of the trial. Patients are allocated based on not only the utility function but also the chosen dose selection rule. The most popular dose selection rule is the one‐step‐look‐ahead (OSLA), which selects the best‐so‐far dose. A more complicated rule, such as the two‐step‐look‐ahead, is theoretically more efficient than the OSLA only when the required distributional assumptions are met, which is, however, often not the case in practice. We carried out extensive simulation studies to evaluate these two dose selection rules and found that OSLA was often more efficient than two‐step‐look‐ahead under the proposed Bayesian structure. Moreover, our simulation results show that the proposed Bayesian method's performance is superior to several popular Bayesian methods and that the negative impact of prior misspecification can be managed in the design stage. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
104.
Maria B Sukkar Md Ashik Ullah Wan Jun Gan Peter AB Wark Kian Fan Chung J Margaret Hughes Carol L Armour Simon Phipps 《British journal of pharmacology》2012,167(6):1161-1176
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are heterogeneous inflammatory disorders of the respiratory tract characterized by airflow obstruction. It is now clear that the environmental factors that drive airway pathology in asthma and COPD, including allergens, viruses, ozone and cigarette smoke, activate innate immune receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors, either directly or indirectly by causing the release of endogenous ligands. Thus, there is now intense research activity focused around understanding the mechanisms by which pattern-recognition receptors sustain the airway inflammatory response, and how these mechanisms might be targeted therapeutically. One pattern-recognition receptor that has recently come to attention in chronic airways disease is the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). RAGE is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors that recognizes pathogen- and host-derived endogenous ligands to initiate the immune response to tissue injury, infection and inflammation. Although the role of RAGE in lung physiology and pathophysiology is not well understood, recent genome-wide association studies have linked RAGE gene polymorphisms with airflow obstruction. In addition, accumulating data from animal and clinical investigations reveal increased expression of RAGE and its ligands, together with reduced expression of soluble RAGE, an endogenous inhibitor of RAGE signalling, in chronic airways disease. In this review, we discuss recent studies of the ligand–RAGE axis in asthma and COPD, highlight important areas for future research and discuss how this axis might potentially be harnessed for therapeutic benefit in these conditions. 相似文献
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目的探讨中药安眠小复方对小鼠脑神经肽P物质(SP)及睡眠相关细胞因子的影响,以揭示其促眠作用机制。方法60只KM小鼠随机分为6组,安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组分别灌胃给予安眠小复方4.16g/kg,2.08g/kg,1.04g/kg,百乐眠组灌胃给予百乐眠胶囊0.28g/kg,地西泮组灌胃给予地西泮片1.30mg/kg,连续给药7d。末次给药30min后,处死动物,取脑组织,检测小鼠脑内神经肽SP、白介素1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)含量。结果与空白对照组比较,安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组均能明显降低小鼠脑组织中SP含量(P0.05或P0.01)和IL-1β含量(P0.01);安眠小复方高、中、低剂量组亦能降低小鼠脑组织中TNF-α含量,其中高、低剂量组与空白对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论中药安眠小复方可能通过降低脑内SP含量、破坏觉醒中枢同时调节睡眠相关细胞因子而发挥促眠作用。 相似文献
108.
Teng-Fei Yu Wen He Cong-Gui Gan Ming-Chang Zhao Qiang Zhu Wei Zhang Hui Wang Yu-Kun Luo Fang Nie Li-Jun Yuan Yong Wang Yan-Li Guo Jian-Jun Yuan Li-Tao Ruan Yi-Cheng Wang Rui-Fang Zhang Hong-Xia Zhang Bin Ning Hai-Man Song Shuai Zheng Yi Li Yang Guang 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2021,134(4):415
BackgroundThe current deep learning diagnosis of breast masses is mainly reflected by the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions. In China, breast masses are divided into four categories according to the treatment method: inflammatory masses, adenosis, benign tumors, and malignant tumors. These categorizations are important for guiding clinical treatment. In this study, we aimed to develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification of these four breast mass types using ultrasound (US) images.MethodsTaking breast biopsy or pathological examinations as the reference standard, CNNs were used to establish models for the four-way classification of 3623 breast cancer patients from 13 centers. The patients were randomly divided into training and test groups (n = 1810 vs. n = 1813). Separate models were created for two-dimensional (2D) images only, 2D and color Doppler flow imaging (2D-CDFI), and 2D-CDFI and pulsed wave Doppler (2D-CDFI-PW) images. The performance of these three models was compared using sensitivity, specificity, area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), positive (LR+) and negative likelihood ratios (LR−), and the performance of the 2D model was further compared between masses of different sizes with above statistical indicators, between images from different hospitals with AUC, and with the performance of 37 radiologists.ResultsThe accuracies of the 2D, 2D-CDFI, and 2D-CDFI-PW models on the test set were 87.9%, 89.2%, and 88.7%, respectively. The AUCs for classification of benign tumors, malignant tumors, inflammatory masses, and adenosis were 0.90, 0.91, 0.90, and 0.89, respectively (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 0.87–0.91, 0.89–0.92, 0.87–0.91, and 0.86–0.90). The 2D-CDFI model showed better accuracy (89.2%) on the test set than the 2D (87.9%) and 2D-CDFI-PW (88.7%) models. The 2D model showed accuracy of 81.7% on breast masses ≤1 cm and 82.3% on breast masses >1 cm; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). The accuracy of the CNN classifications for the test set (89.2%) was significantly higher than that of all the radiologists (30%).ConclusionsThe CNN may have high accuracy for classification of US images of breast masses and perform significantly better than human radiologists.Trial registrationChictr.org, ChiCTR1900021375; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33139. 相似文献
109.
Bing Liu Yuhan Liu Yanan Wang Caifeng Xie Mingxi Gan Tianyu Han Jiaqing Cao Jianbin Wang 《Pathology, research and practice》2019,215(10):152592
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in China, which seriously threatens women's physical and mental health. Tumorigenesis is closely related to the dysregulation of cell cycle. The cell cycle progression includes interphase and mitotic phase (M phase). Cyclin B1 is a key protein in regulating M phase, which is essential for the whole cell cycle progression. CyclinB1 can be degraded through ubiquitination mediated by the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). However, the mechanism of how CyclinB1 is deubiquitinated in breast cancer still remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that CyclinB1 interacted with ubiquitin-specific peptidase 14 (USP14). Based on the deubiquitinating function of USP14, we detected the effect of USP14 on the ubiquitination of CyclinB1. Inhibiting the activity of USP14 or USP14 knockdown significantly increased the ubiquitination of CyclinB1. In accordance with this, knocking down USP14 arrested cell cycle at G2/M phase. Knocking down USP14 with siRNAs significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that USP14 regulated the cell cycle of breast cancer cells by regulating the ubiquitination of CyclinB1, which will provide a solid theoretical basis for the development of anti-cancer drugs targeting USP14. 相似文献
110.
Michael Marxen Gabriela Gan Daniel Schwarz Eva Mennigen Maximilian Pilhatsch Ulrich S Zimmermann Matthias Guenther Michael N Smolka 《Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism》2014,34(3):472-479
While a number of studies have established that moderate doses of alcohol increase brain perfusion, the time course of such an increase as a function of breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) has not yet been investigated, and studies differ about regional effects. Using arterial spin labeling (ASL) magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated (1) the time course of the perfusion increase during a 15-minute linear increase of BrAC up to 0.6 g/kg followed by a steady exposure of 100 minutes, (2) the regional distribution, (3) a potential gender effect, and (4) the temporal stability of perfusion effects. In 48 young adults who participated in the Dresden longitudinal study on alcohol effects in young adults, we observed (1) a 7% increase of global perfusion as compared with placebo and that perfusion and BrAC are tightly coupled in time, (2) that the increase reaches significance in most regions of the brain, (3) that the effect is stronger in women than in men, and (4) that an acute tolerance effect is not observable on the time scale of 2 hours. Larger studies are needed to investigate the origin and the consequences of the effect, as well as the correlates of inter-subject variations. 相似文献