Premalignant lesions and nonsquamous malignancy of the penis and carcinoma of the scrotum.

Premalignant lesions of the penis include cutaneous horn, balanitis xerotica obliterans, and leukoplakia. The true incidence of progression of each of these to squamous-cell carcinoma is unknown. Bowenoid papulosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat, and Bowen's disease are histologically identical to in situ carcinoma. Although the first is consistently benign, the latter two regularly evolve into invasive cancer. Malignant scrotal lesions include squamous-cell carcinoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, basal-cell carcinoma, extramammary Paget's disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat, malignant melanoma, and metastases. Hemangioma can be confused with carcinoma.     

结肠腺瘤与腺癌p53,c—erbB2蛋白及CEA的表达和意义

应用免疫组化法检测１５例正常结肠粘膜，４０例结肠瘤及４０例结肠癌组织的ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２和ＣＥＡ的表达。结果发现：结肠癌患者ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ２及ＣＥＡ的阳性表达率均显著高于腺瘤（Ｐ〈０．０１）。ｐ５３阳性表达在不典型增生腺瘤患者中，重度显著高于轻度病例（Ｐ〈０．０１）；在结肠腺癌患者中低分化显著高于高分化病例（Ｐ〈０．０５）；ＣＥＡ的新型单克隆抗体ｃｏｌ－１对结肠癌的敏感性和特异性均高，阳     

Occupational exposure to hazardous substances and risk of cancer in the area of the mouth cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx. A case-control study

A case-control study of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract conducted in Heidelberg and Giessen (FRG) provided information on occupational factors in 200 patients and 800 controls (adjusted to sex, age and area of living; 4:1 matched design). The number of subjects exposed to wood dusts, organic chemicals, coal products or to cement was significantly elevated in the tumour group. An increased risk for head and neck cancer was observed after exposition to wood dust (RR = 2,2), organic compounds (RR = 2,4), coal products (RR = 2,7) and especially to cement (RR = 4,4). The cancer risk due to cement exposition showed a positive correlation to the duration of exposition and remained significantly elevated after adjustment for alcohol and tobacco consumption.     

The construct validity of the Multidimensional Aptitude Battery: a word of caution

Results of an hierarchical factor analysis with university students (N = 101) do not support the construct validity of the Multidimensional Aptitude Battery (MAB). Although the MAB Full Scale IQ seems to be a valid measure of general mental ability, the construct validity of the Verbal and Performance scale IQs is not supported. Therefore, the Verbal and Performance IQs should be interpreted with caution, if at all. In addition, re-analysis of previous investigations of the MAB underscores the importance of ascertaining the reading level of subjects prior to the administration of the MAB. Marginal reading proficiency, especially on a timed paper-and-pencil test such as the MAB, will confound results.     

Biting in day care centers: incidence, prevention, and intervention.

Analysis of accident logs in child day care centers indicates that biting is common, especially among toddlers 13 to 30 months of age. Children of this age often lack appropriate verbal skills and resort to aggressive means to achieve their goals. Still awkward in gross-motor skills, toddlers can also suffer self-bites following accidental falls. According to medical reports, human bites sometimes are more virulent than animal bites and can cause severe trauma. Although the AIDS virus has been cultured from saliva, transmission from saliva alone has not been documented. Bite injuries in day care, however, usually are minor and can be treated by washing, applying cold compresses, and comforting the child. Suggested methods to diminish the frequency of biting in day care include physical changes within the room, behavior modification, and other classroom management techniques.     

C60的化学反应性和高分子化

综述了C_(60)化学研究的进展。C_(60)的化学反应性的研究展现了一个广阔的新领域,并使C_(60)作为一种新型的功能基团引入高分子成为现实。这些进展为进一步深入研究C_(60)尤其是C_(60)的材料化提供了前提。