一种对阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠认知和记忆功能具有明显改善作用的中药方剂

目的 :探索对阿尔茨海默病 (AD)病人认知和记忆能力具有明显改善作用的中药方剂。方法 :通过Balb/c小鼠侧脑室微量注射聚集态 β 淀粉样多肽 (β-AP_25-35) ,建立模拟AD的小鼠动物模型 ,并通过行为学实验和脑组织组织化学检测 ,研究了中医经典药方柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤、当归芍药散和作者自己研制的两种中药复方CHPI和CHPⅡ对该小鼠模型认知和记忆能力的疗效作用。同时 ,以西药脑复康做对照。结果 :CHPⅡ对AD模型小鼠的认知和记忆能力具有明显的改善。结论 :本研究提示从中药中寻找治疗AD的药物具有较好的前景。     

针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠血浆ET和CGRP调整作用

目的：探索针刺对急性高血压大鼠治疗作用机制。方法：复制急性高血压脑出血大鼠模型。观察针刺对血浆ET和CGRP的影响。结果：针刺能降低血浆ET和升高CGRP。结论：针刺对急性高血压脑出血大鼠治疗作用与其降低血浆ET和CGRP密切相关。     

益骨胶囊对成骨细胞增殖影响的时效及量效关系研究

目的 :运用中药血清药理学方法 ,观察益骨胶囊含药血清对新生大鼠颅骨成骨细胞 (OB)体外增殖的影响 ,并探讨用于OB药效观察的益骨胶囊含药血清制备条件。方法 :雌性 12月龄SD大鼠 80只 ,随机分为生理盐水组、益骨胶囊低剂量 (11 6g/kg)、中剂量 (34 8g/kg)、高剂量 (10 4 4g/kg)组 ,每日灌胃一次 ,连续 12天 ,分别在灌胃后的 0 5h、1h、1 5h、2h采血 ,分离血清 ,用含不同浓度益骨胶囊的血清培养SD新生大鼠颅骨OB ,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况。结果 :末次灌胃后 1 5h采血组的吸收度 (A)值明显高于各组其它时间 (P <0 0 5 ) ;不同剂量各浓度的益骨胶囊含药血清对体外培养的OB增殖均有显著的促进作用 ,其中以高剂量组的稀释比为 2 5 %的血清浓度最佳。结论 :益骨胶囊含药血清对OB增殖具有明显的促进作用 ;益骨胶囊用于OB药效观察的大鼠含药血清制备条件以人等效剂量 9倍连续 12天灌胃、末次灌胃后 1 5h采血 ,血清添加浓度以 2 5 %为宜。     

中药复方对实验性2型糖尿病肾病肾组织内皮素及其受体基因表达的影响

目的:观察中药复方、苯那普利对2型实验性糖尿病肾病(DN)肾组织内皮素及其受体基因表达的影响。揭示中药复方治疗2型DN机理。方法:建立2型链脲菌素DN模型,以中药复方、苯那普利干预。比较Upro,Glu,HbAlC变化,检测(RT-PCR)肾皮质ET-1,ETA-R的mRNA表达水平,分析肾组织病理学特征。结果:对Up-ro,Glu,HbAlC改善作用,中药复方、苯那普利与生理盐水差异有显著性;对Glu,HbAlC改善作用,中药复方与苯那普利差异有显著性;DN模型鼠肾皮质ET-1,ETA-R的mRNA表达水平增加,经中药复方、苯那普利干预,其表达过高水平下调,但仍高于正常对照。对肾小球系膜、系膜细胞增殖的影响,中药复方优于苯那普利。结论:ET参与DN发病机制;中药复方、苯那普利都能从ET及其受体基因转录水平上影响其表达量;中药复方不仅能减少DN尿白蛋白,而且还能改善血糖、糖化血红蛋白,抑制蛋白非酶糖化,抑制肾小球系膜、系膜细胞增殖。     

Diffuse leiomyomatosis of the esophagus

BACKGROUND: Leiomyomas are rare esophagus neoplasms. They are usually solitary, and the diffuse lesion is extremely rare. CASE REPORT: A 19-year-old male presented with a 3-year history of occasional dysphagia and postprandial regurgitation. The chest radiographs showed a huge mass in the posterior mediastinum. Barium esophagograms showed narrowing of the middle third esophagus with proximal dilatation. The fibroesophagoscopy demonstrated multiple submucosal nodules below a level 22 cm from the incisor and covered with intact mucosa. CT scans of the chest showed a long segment of circumferential soft tissue in the posterior mediastinum which encircled and involved the upper two thirds of the esophagus. An intrathoracic esophagectomy with cervical esophagogastrostomy via the substernal route was performed. Grossly, multiple confluent myomatous nodules circumferentially involved the upper and middle third of the esophagus. Histologic findings showed diffuse leiomyomatosis of the esophagus. CONCLUSION: Esophageal leiomyomatosis should be considered in a young patient with long-standing dysphagia in whom smooth, tapered esophageal narrowing on barium study and circumferential esophageal wall thickening on CT scan are seen. An esophagectomy combined with a reconstruction procedure is indicated.     

CO_2激光联合卡介菌多糖核酸肌肉注射治疗女性尖锐湿疣

目的 :评价卡介菌多糖核酸联合CO2 激光治疗女性尖锐湿疣 (CA)的疗效。方法 :治疗组 :CO2 激光治疗后采用卡介菌多糖核酸肌肉注射 ,与对照组单用CO2 激光治疗相比较。结果 :两组经二次CO2 激光治疗后复发率分别为8.3%、31.0 % ,治疗组复发率显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,未见明显不良反应。结论 :卡介菌多糖核酸联合CO2 激光治疗女性尖锐湿疣 ,可提高治愈率 ,有效降低复发率 ,安全可靠。     

抗菌药使用现状调查分析

目的：了解我院抗菌药使用现状，为完善抗菌药管理提供科学的依据。方法：横断面调查研究。结果：全院当日使用抗菌药共8类36种，抗菌药使用率为52．3％，头孢菌素类抗菌药排在使用首位，外科抗菌药使用率高于内科；病原微生物送检率为3．8％，送检率低，治疗多为经验用药；预防用药指征过宽，时间过长。结论：提高病原学送检率，根据微生物学检查和药敏结果合理使用抗菌药，建立抗菌药使用登记制度，开发抗菌药使用信息管理系统，是促使临床合理使用抗菌药的措施。     

对有效的抗肿瘤单抗药物的探索

文章综述了单抗药物用于临床肿瘤治疗的研究进展。开发一个成功的抗肿瘤单抗药物应从以下几方面考虑：(1)选择特异的肿瘤抗原；(2)制备人源化单抗以降低单抗药物的免疫原性；(3)利用抗体工程改造抗体结构以延长半衰期；(4)改进给药方式以提高抗体药物在肿瘤组织的局部浓度；(5)提高单抗药物的抗肿瘤活性；(6)进一步提高单抗药物的选择性。还简述了单抗药物抗肿瘤的可能机制及单抗药物的前景展望。     

Study of neurological mechanism of lidocaine's suppression to tinnitus via microdialysis]

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the neurological mechanism of lidocaine's suppression to tinnitus. METHODS: Thirty-four Wistar rats weighing 300-350 grams were randomly divided into IC group (n = 17) and AC group (n = 17), according to microdialysis region. Each group was randomly subdivided into saline treatment group (n = 4), salicylate treatment group (n = 6), and salicylate + lidocaine treatment group (n = 7). Using in vivo microdialysis technique coupled with microbore HPLC-electrochemical detection, the present study first monitored the 5-HT release in IC and AC in salicylate-induced tinnitus animal models, and then, examined the effects of lidocaine on salicylate-induced 5-HT changes in IC and AC. The statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA for repeated measures of raw data with time and treatment condition as main effects. Individual time-point values between no more than two groups were compared with the unpaired Student's t-test. The accepted level of significance was 0.05, two-tailed. RESULTS: The 5-HT level increased to a maximum of 268% +/- 27% (mean +/- s) basal level in IC 2 h after salicylate application and of 277% +/- 24% basal level in AC around 3 h after application. And then, the 5-HT level gradually decreased to 157% +/- 16% of baseline in IC and 180% +/- 18% of baseline in AC by the end of the sixth hour. Saline did not alter the IC and AC dialysate 5-HT level in control rats. Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures indicated a significant effect of the condition factor [F (1, 8) = 413.949, P < 0.000001 in IC group; F(1,8) = 192.184, P < 0.000001 in AC group]. The increases of 5-HT levels in salicylate treatment groups were significantly reduced to 85% +/- 8% basal level in IC and 92% +/- 26% basal level in AC after local infusion of 1% lidocaine (P < 0.05). Compared with corresponding control value at that time (unpaired student t-test). Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures showed a significant difference between the salicylate group and salicylate + lidocaine group [P < 0.000001 with F(1, 11) = 329.267 for the condition factor in IC subgroup; P < 0.000001 with F(1, 11) = 133.844 for the condition factor in AC subgroup]. CONCLUSION: The suppression of lidocaine to tinnitus may be associated with the decrease of 5-HT level in IC and AC.     

老年斑、神经元纤维缠结与硫酸多糖

老年斑 (senileplaques ,SP)、神经元纤维缠结 (neurofib rillarytangles,NFTs)是老年性痴呆最典型的病理特征 ,其中SP的主要成分为 β样淀粉蛋白 (Aβ) ,NFTs主要由异常修饰的tau蛋白组成。许多研究发现硫酸多糖与SP、NFTs的形成密切相关。大量文献报道硫酸多糖与淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)、Aβ以及tau蛋白具有高度亲和性 ,它不仅可以促进APP的异常代谢 ,导致Aβ的大量产生 ,诱导其形成纤丝并聚集、沉积于细胞外 ,而且还可促进tau蛋白发生高度磷酸化 ,形成成对螺旋丝 (PHF)并聚集成NFTs。但也有文献报道外源性硫酸多糖具有促进APP的神经营养作用 ,抑制Aβ纤丝的形成 ,并增强磷酸酯酶PP2B的活性 ,从而减少tau蛋白的磷酸化修饰。并且硫酸多糖的糖基组成、糖链长度、硫酸基的数目及位置不同 ,它在SP、NFTs的形成过程中扮演的作用也不同 ,所以可通过分子结构改造而使硫酸多糖表现抑制SP、NFTs形成的活性 ,从而达到抗老年性痴呆的作用