手十二井穴刺络放血法对MCAO模型大鼠大脑皮层c-fos蛋白表达的影响

目的 从脑内c-fos蛋白表达的角度观察井穴放血法对急性缺血性脑损伤的脑保护作用。方法 以凝结法阻断大鼠一侧大脑中动脉造成急性局灶性缺血性脑损伤模型(MCAO)，用免疫组织化学法观察缺血区皮层脑组织c-fos阳性细胞的表达变化及施加手十二井穴放血法后对其的干预治疗作用。结果 急性缺血性脑损伤可快速诱导c-fos蛋白在皮层缺血区脑组织的表达，其表达有随缺血时间延长逐渐增多的趋势，而缺血后即刻施加井穴放血的干预治疗．在1h、3h、6h、24h各缺血时间段均可明显上调缺血区皮层脑组织c-fos蛋白的表达水平。结论 c-fos蛋白表达既与缺血的严重程度有关．也反应神经元的应激反应能力，脑缺血能诱导c-fos蛋白的逐渐表达，提示脑的缺血性损伤可应激性地增强神经细胞对缺血、缺氧的耐受和适应能力。而早期施加井穴刺络放血疗法能进一步增强c-fos蛋白表达，提高神经细胞的应激能力，从而提高缺血区脑组织的抗损伤修复能力，减缓神经细胞凋亡，抵抗缺血性脑损害的进一步发展，产生有效的脑保护作用，表明井穴放血法对中风早期有一定的急救作用。     

柱前衍生HPLC法测定鸦胆子油中的脂肪酸含量

目的建立HPLC法测定鸦胆子油中的脂肪酸的方法。方法以2,4′-二溴苯乙酮为衍生化试剂,18-冠-6醚为相转移催化剂,采用KromasilC8(250mm×4mm,5μm)反相柱,波长254nm,以乙腈-水(80∶20)为流动相等度洗脱,柱温室温,体积流量为1.3mL/min,正十七烷酸为内标,一次基线分离5种脂肪酸。结果亚油酸的线性范围为0.022～0.330μg,软脂酸的线性范围为0.014～0.213μg,油酸线性范围为0.028～0.416μg,硬脂酸的线性范围为0.012～0.177μg。平均回收率分别为99.2%、97.2%、101.8%、97.8%,RSD分别为1.2%、1.5%、0.4%、2.3%。结论该方法重现性好,定量准确,可作为鸦胆子油中脂肪酸的定量方法。     

通脉养心丸减轻阿霉素致小鼠急性心脏毒性的作用研究

[目的]探究通脉养心丸对阿霉素致急性心脏毒性小鼠的保护作用。[方法]通过对小鼠单次腹腔注射阿霉素20 mg/kg,建立阿霉素致急性心脏毒性小鼠模型。对比空白对照组、阿霉素组、阿霉素+通脉养心丸低、中、高剂量组小鼠给予阿霉素后第3天、第12天的一般情况,观察心脏超声、血清心肌酶（CK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、肌钙蛋白I(cTn-Ⅰ)和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）含量以及组织病理学变化。[结果]与空白对照组相比,阿霉素组小鼠体质量降低,死亡率升高,左室射血分数（EF）,左室短轴缩短率（FS）均降低,血清CK、LDH值和血清cTn-Ⅰ含量升高,血清SOD含量降低,组织病理学结果显示阿霉素组小鼠心肌细胞排列紊乱,肌原纤维丢失,核周空泡化和细胞质空泡化。与阿霉素组相比,通脉养心丸各剂量组小鼠死亡率降低,生存时间延长,EF、FS值升高,血清CK、LDH值和血清cTn-Ⅰ含量降低,血清SOD含量升高,组织病理学的结果显示心肌损伤程度逐渐减轻,心肌细胞较为完整,心肌组织明显改善。[结论]通脉养心丸能够减轻阿霉素诱导的急性心脏毒性。     

中医药通过肺淋巴管系统干预间质性肺疾病的研究进展

间质性肺疾病(ILD)是一种以弥漫性肺实质的炎症和肺纤维化改变为特征的疾病。淋巴管系统在炎症和纤维化疾病中发挥重要作用。已知在炎症性疾病和纤维化疾病中淋巴管系统具有重要功能。但在间质性肺疾病中淋巴管系统作用的相关研究较少,随着科技的进步,逐渐发现了间质性肺疾病中肺淋巴管系统发挥作用的重要机制。且近年来运用中药疗法干预淋巴管系统来治疗疾病成为研究热点。现将基于肺淋巴管系统与间质性肺疾病中的相关性来探讨中医药对间质性肺疾病的干预作用。     

红松松塔挥发油的固相微萃取技术结合气相色谱-质谱法分析

目的 分析红松松塔挥发性成分的组成及含量,同时比较了三种固相微萃取纤维头对红松松塔挥发油的萃取效果.方法 利用PA、PDMS、PDMS/DVB 3种萃取头对红松松塔挥发性成分进行富集,采用GC-MS分析挥发性成分的组成.最后,运用累积峰面积标准化值对其萃取灵敏度进行评价.结果 PA萃取出43种化合物,PDMS和PDMS/DVB各萃取出46种化合物,其中共有化合物28种.结论 红松松塔挥发性成分主要为单萜和倍半萜类,其中含量较高的成分为α-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯、β-蒎烯、(1S)-3,7,7-三甲基二环[4.1.0]-3-庚烯等.3种萃取头萃取挥发性成分在种类和数量上均存在明显差异,通过对萃取松塔挥发性成分的种类、数量及累积峰面积标准化值的分析比较,确定PDMS萃取效果最佳.     

肠复康诱导人大肠癌HT29裸小鼠移植瘤细胞分化的研究

目的　探讨肠复康诱导人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠移植瘤细胞分化的作用。方法　建立人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠皮下移植瘤模型 ,用电子天平测量移植瘤的质量 ,苏木精—伊红染色观察瘤组织细胞的形态结构 ,结合图像分析系统半定量检测瘤细胞核分裂数及其形态计量学改变 ,并使用逐步引入剔出模型进行多元线性回归分析。结果　与模型组比 ,肠复康组和西药组均使移植瘤瘤体质量明显减轻 (P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 0 1) ,瘤组织细胞异型性降低 ,核分裂数、核仁面积 /核面积明显减少 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,且肠复康组的作用比西药组更为明显 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;同时 ,肠复康组瘤细胞核平均灰度明显降低 (P <0 .0 0 1) ,细胞核形状因子增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,西药组以上改变不明显 (P >0 .0 5 )。回归分析结果 ,移植瘤质量与瘤细胞核平均灰度和核分裂数呈明显正相关。结论　肠复康能抑制人大肠癌HT2 9裸小鼠移植瘤的增殖 ,其机制之一可能是逆转瘤细胞的异型性 ,诱导瘤细胞的重新分化。     

Triterpenoids from Whole Plants of Phyllanthus urinaria

Objective To study the chemical constituents of whole plant of Phyllanthus urinaria and their biological activity.Methods The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by repeated column chromatography over silica gel,Rp-C_(18)(reverse phase),MCI,and Sephadex LH-20,as well as semi-preparative HPLC.NMR spectroscopic analyses were used for the structure identification.In this case,the inhibitory rate of NO production of the isolated triterpenoids was evaluated.Results Seven triterpenoids,identified as28-norlup-20(29)-ene-3,17β-diol(1),betulin(2),β-betulinic acid(3),3-oxofriedelan-28-oic acid(4),oleanolic acid(5),3R-E-coumaroyltaraxerol(6),and 3R-Zcoumaroyltaraxerol(7),were isolated and identified from the whole plants of P.urinaria.Compounds 1-5 exerted inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages with the inhibitory rate of NO production ranging from 4.0%to 27.8%at the concentration of 25 μmol/L.Conclusion To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of compounds 1-4,6,and 7 from the family Euphorbiaceae.Compounds 1-5 exhibited inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.     

Selective Antibacterial Activity of Patchouli Alcohol Against Helicobacter pylori Based on Inhibition of Urease

The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity and urease inhibitory effects of patchouli alcohol (PA), the bioactive ingredient isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, which has been widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. The activities of PA against selected bacteria and fungi were determined by agar dilution method. It was demonstrated that PA exhibited selective antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori, without influencing the major normal gastrointestinal bacteria. Noticeably, the antibacterial activity of PA was superior to that of amoxicillin, with minimal inhibition concentration value of 78 µg/mL. On the other hand, PA inhibited ureases from H. pylori and jack bean in concentration‐dependent fashion with IC₅₀ values of 2.67 ± 0.79 mM and 2.99 ± 0.41 mM, respectively. Lineweaver‐Burk plots indicated that the type of inhibition was non‐competitive against H. pylori urease whereas uncompetitive against jack bean urease. Reactivation of PA‐inactivated urease assay showed DL‐dithiothreitol, the thiol reagent, synergistically inactivated urease with PA instead of enzymatic activity recovery. In conclusion, the selective H. pylori antibacterial activity along with urease inhibitory potential of PA could make it a possible drug candidate for the treatment of H. pylori infection. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Chemical Constituents from Stems of Cistanches deserticola

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the stems of Cistanches deserticola. Methods The compounds were purified by various column chromatographic methods and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic(1D, 2D NMR, IR, [?]D, and MS) and chemical analyses. Results Seven compounds were isolated and identified as kankanoside D1(1), ajugol(2), cistanin(3), uridine(4), adenosine(5), 6-deoxycatalpol(6), and kankanoside D(7). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound.     

粗针皮下透刺神道穴对慢性荨麻疹患者症状积分及血清IgE的影响

目的:观察粗针皮下透刺神道穴对慢性荨麻疹患者的疗效。方法:将60例慢性荨麻疹患者随机分为粗针组及西药组,各30例。粗针组采用粗针皮下透刺神道穴,每日1次,每周5次,治疗2周为一疗程。西药组口服盐酸左西替利嗪片,5mg/次,6周为一疗程。观察两组患者治疗前,治疗2周、6周、12周的血清IgE水平及症状积分的变化。结果:两组患者在治疗2周、6周血清IgE水平与治疗前比较均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01):治疗12周后,粗针组血清IgE水平和症状积分与治疗前比较仍下降(P<0.01),西药组血清IgE水平和症状积分与治疗前比较虽有下降,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗前、治疗2周、6周两组患者间的血清IgE水平和症状积分比较差异没有统计学意义(均P>0.05);治疗12周,粗针组血清IgE水平和症状积分明显低于西药组(P<0.05);两组治疗前后血清IgE水平和症状积分呈正相关。结论:粗针皮下透刺神道穴可以有效降低慢性荨麻疹患者的血清IgE水平及改善临床症状。