甲氟哌酸体外抗菌活性及对耐药感染者的治疗

对天津市新近临床分离的414株细菌进行了甲氟哌酸(Pflx)和氟哌酸(Nflx)体外抗菌活性研究。结果显示Pflx对绝大多数肠杆菌和细菌、不动杆菌有良好抗菌活性,抑菌率>90％。对绿脓杆菌、MSSA及凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌有中度抗菌作用,抑菌率分别为85％、87.5％、87.5％。对MRSA和链球菌抗菌活性稍差,抑菌率在40％～68.42％之间。Nflx体外抗菌活性和Pflx相似。此外,18例药敏试验耐Pflx和Nflx细菌感染患者,经Pflx治疗,肺化脓症1例显效,余17例难治性尿路感染者1例痊愈、9例显效、5例进步、2例无效。     

一种中西药复方制剂(PESM)对大鼠实验性肾结石形成的抑制作用

用乙二醇法诱导大鼠产生草酸钙结石，用45~Ca示踪测定法了解中草药复方制剂（PESM）对草酸钙结石形成的抑制作用。结果显示，实验组肾脏放射性强度明显减少（实验组3.47±3.52cpm／mg，对照组10.89±14.24cpm／mg）。干肾重量明显下降（实验组306.0±47.0mg，对照组343.1±59.4mg），说明PESM能明显抑制肾脏草酸钙结石的形成。     

A study on various symptoms of chronic hepatitis treated with radix astragali and its regulative effect to levels of serum hormone

Sixty-seven cases of chronic hepatitis were treated with Radix Astragali. After treatment (2-month course), the clinical improvement rate in 38 cases of the Stagnation of the Liver-Qi and Deficiency of the Spleen type was 92.1%, and in 26 cases of the Deficiency of Liver Yin and Kidney Yin type was 88.5%, more effective than in the control group (P<0.05). The regulative effect to the levels of serum hormone was observed in the patients of the Stagnation of the Liver-Qi and Deficiency of the Spleen type treated with this medicine. The results showed that the levels of serum triiodothyronine, estradiol (female) and testosterone (male) were increased after treatment (1.40±1.38 ng/dl, 129.30±1.23 pg/ml and 496.24±1.47 ng/dl). Pre-treatment levels were 1.22±1.49 ng/dl, 104.60±1.45 pg/ml and 398. 17±1.55 ng/dl respectively (P<0.05); however, the level of serum prolactin (2.75±4.46 ng/ml) was lower after treatment than before treatment (3.20±3.82 ng/ml,P<0.05). No obvious changes were observed in the levels of serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxine, triiodothyronine uptake ratio and cortisol after treatment.     

490名师范学院大学生失眠状况调查

目的　了解师范学院大学生失眠情况及其分布特征。方法　对上饶师院 4 90名学生进行睡眠和失眠相关问题的问卷调查。结果　 38.0 %的被试报告有失眠现象。男生失眠率显著高于女生 ( χ2 =9.79,P <0 .0 1) ;三年级毕业班学生失眠率高于一年级和二年级学生 ( χ2 =9.86 ,P <0 .0 1) ;文理科学生失眠率差异无显著性。SCL - 90调查结果显示 ,失眠学生躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖6个因子分和阳性项目数显著高于非失眠者。结论　师范学院大学生失眠现象常见 ,失眠学生心理问题症状较多     

Influence of mild hypothermia on vascular endothelial growth factor and infarct volume in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that mild hypothermia has obvious protective effect on both whole and local cerebral ischemia. However, the definite mechanism is still unclear for the brain protection of mild hypothermia on cerebral edema, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, stabilizing blood brain barrier, etc. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and the infarct volume after cerebral ischemia in rats, and analyze the brain protective mechanism of mild hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized grouping and controlled animal trial. SETTING: Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Yunyang Medical College. MATERIALS: Twenty adult male SD rats of clean degree, weighing (250±30) g, were provided by the animal experimental center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University. The kits for SP immunohistochemistry were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Neurology, Renmen Hospital of Wuhan University from May to July 2005. ① The 20 rats were divided randomly into normal temperature group (n =10) and mild hypothermia group (n =10). Models of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion were established with modified nylon suture embolization. The rats were assessed with the Longa standards: 0 point for without nerve dysfunction; 1 for mild neurological deficit (fore claws could no extend completely); 2 for moderate neurological deficit (circling towards the affected side); 3 for severe neurological deficit (tilting towards the affected side); 4 for coma and unconscious; 1-3 points represented that models were successfully established. The rats of the normal temperature group were fed at room temperature, and those in the mild hypothermia group were induced by hypothermia from 2 hours postoperatively, and the rectal temperature was kept at 34-35 ℃ for 72 hours. ② Measurement of infarct volume: All the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection overdose sodium pentobarbital 7 days postoperatively, and then the heads were cut down to harvest brain. The brain tissues were placed into -20 ℃ refrigerator for 20 minutes, coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. The infarct sites were not stained, whereas normal brain tissues were stained as red. The infarct volumes were calculated by using MPLAS-500 multimedia color pathological image&&word analytical system. ③ Counting positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein: The brains were harvested by cutting heads, then coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. Routine dehydration, hyalinization, wax immersion and embedding were performed, then the detected with SP immunohistochemistry, the kits were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The cells whose cytoplasm was yellow-brown were positive ones, a single sample as a unit, peri-ischemic site and ischemic core were selected, and the corresponding sites in controlateral hemisphere were taken as controls. Five visual fields were selected from each site to be observed under microscope, the cells were counted, and the average number of positive cells was calculated in each group. The numbers of positive cells were determined with the image analytical apparatus. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of the positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein; Infarct volume of rat brain tissue. RESULTS: All the 20 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Number of positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in brain tissue: It was obviously lower in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(24.02±5.05), (36.07±2.69) cells/high power visual field, P < 0.01]. ② Comparison of infarct volume of brain tissue: After MCAO, it was obviously smaller in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(153.25±23.14), (253.45±36.21) mm3, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: Mild hypothermia can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and decrease the volume of cerebral infarction. The inhibition of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor may be one of the brain protective mechanisms.     

羁押人员HIV感染状况及行为学调查

目的了解羁押人员HIV感染现状以及相关高危行为情况，为制定艾滋病防治措施和决策提供科学依据。方法使用描述性研究方法对2381名羁押人员的人群特征以及HIV感染的血清流行病学调查资料进行综合分析。结果共发现HIV抗体阳性3例，阳性率1．26‰；注射吸毒、性乱、有偿供血史的分别占2．18％、30．28％、0．59％。结论羁押人员高危行为发生率较高，应尽快采取健康教育、行为干预和相应监管措施。     

Whole CanA Gene Amplification of Helicobacter pylori and Its Fingerprinting by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism

To set up a method of amplification for the whole CagA gene of Helicobacter pylori and its fingerprinting by restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP),nested PCR was employed in combination with TD-PCR to amplify the gene and EcoRI and Hind Ⅲ were used to generate the RFLP fingerprinting.Target DNA fragments from 13 of 20 samples were successfully amplified and the relevant RFLP fingerprintings were obtained.It is concluded that the method can be used to amplify the whole CagA gene and CagA gene has apparent diversity of RFLP profile.     

微创手术治疗高血压脑出血

目的 探讨微创手术治疗高血压脑出血的临床疗效。方法 132例高血压脑出血分成微创手术组(68例)和传统开颅手术组(64例)，分析两组手术的特点和手术时机，比较两组手术治疗的疗效。结果 微创组术后GOS良好23例、中残24例、重残9例、植物生存3例、死亡9例；传统组术GOS良好16例、中残15例、重残12例、植物生存6例、死亡15例。两组超早期或早期手术均有良好的预后，而微创组效果更佳。结论 微创手术治疗高血压脑出血能明显提高临床疗效，降低病死率。     

后腹腔镜手术在泌尿外科的应用

目的　探讨后腹腔镜手术治疗泌尿系疾病的方法及疗效。方法　采用后腹腔镜手术治疗泌尿系疾病3 5例 ,其中肾上腺肿瘤及肾上腺囊肿切除 13例 ,肾囊肿去顶术 15例 ,精索静脉曲张高位结扎术 4例 ,UPJ成形术 1例 ,乳糜尿行肾蒂淋巴管结扎术 1例 ,肾切除 1例。结果　 3 5例手术全部成功。手术时间 3 0～ 13 0分钟 ,术中平均出血 2 0ml。术后住院时间 1.5～ 14天 ,平均 4.5天。结论　腹腔镜手术治疗泌尿系疾病 ,具有损伤小 ,住院时间短 ,恢复快 ,并发症少等优点 ,值得临床推广应用     

两种局麻药术后镇痛效果及副作用比较

目的：观察比较0．2％罗哌卡因和0．15％布比卡因两种同麻药在硬膜外自控镇痛(PCEA)中的镇痛效果及副作用。方法：选用0．2％罗哌卡因和0．15％布比卡因两种同麻药用于PCEA中．对其效果进行对比分析。结果：0．2％罗哌卡因、0．15％布比卡因分别与0．1mg芬太尼联合用于PCEA中，镇痛效果确切．毒副作用轻微，并发症少。结论：将0．2％罗哌卡因替代0．15％布比卡因与0．1mg芬太尼合用后．病人术后行走能力的早期恢复可得到改善。