降钙素原在感染性疾病诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨降钙素原(PCT)对感染性疾病的诊断价值。方法选取细菌性感染患者103例,病毒性感染患者77例,非感染性疾病患者60例。在患者入院后进行PCT、C反应蛋白(CRP)及白细胞(WBC)检测。对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果细菌感染组患者PCT水平分布以大于0.5ng/mL为主,病毒感染患者PCT水平分布以小于或等于0.5ng/mL为主。病毒感染组不同PCT水平分布比例与细菌感染组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。细菌感染组PCT、CRP、WBC水平高于病毒感染组和非感染组(P0.05),病毒感染组WBC水平与非感染组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。细菌感染组PCT、CRP、WBC阳性率均高于病毒感染组和非感染组(P0.05)。结论 PCT对感染性疾病的诊断灵敏度和特异度较高,对感染性疾病的诊断有重要临床意义。     

南通市糖尿病患者生命质量现状及影响因素研究

目的：了解南通市糖尿病患者的生命质量,并探讨影响因素,为改善该群体生命质量提供参考依据。方法：整群随机抽样抽取南通市狼山社区、平潮镇平西村、吉坝村278例糖尿病患者,调查患者的社会人口学特征、患病情况、自我管理情况,利用欧洲五维生命质量量表（European quality of life 5-dimensions,EQ-5D）评价DM患者健康相关生命质量,采用Tobit回归分析生命质量的影响因素。结果：共发放问卷278份,有效问卷260份,问卷有效率93.5%。糖尿病患者在行动能力、自我照顾、日常活动、疼痛/不适、焦虑/沮丧5个维度有中度以上问题的比例分别为10.8%、3.1%、4.6%、49.2%和25.8%。EQ-5D效用值为1的占42.1%。多因素Tobit回归结果显示,患者月平均医疗开支、健康自评、所患慢性疾病数量和幸福感是健康相关生命质量的影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论：南通市糖尿病患者在疼痛/不适、焦虑/沮丧维度存在较多问题,医疗开支大、健康自评差、患多种慢性病、幸福感低的患者生命质量较差,需要重点关注。     

维生素D对非酒精性脂肪性肝病的保护作用

维生素D是一种脂溶性类固醇激素,其除从传统意义上调节钙、磷平衡及骨代谢外,还具有广泛的骨外生物学作用,如参与机体能量代谢和糖、脂代谢.维生素D缺乏可能引起代谢综合征,而非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)是代谢综合征在肝脏中的表现形式.有证据显示,维生素D可通过介导胆汁酸代谢、减轻胰岛素抵抗以及改善肝纤维化这3条途径发挥对NAFLD的保护作用.     

自调节根管锉的特性和临床应用评价

根管预备（根管清理和根管成形）是根管治疗的关键步骤。为了达到良好的根管预备目的,各种先进器械和新型材料不断涌现。从标准不锈钢根管锉到旋转镍钛锉系统的相继应用,根管预备的质量和效率得到了大幅的提高;然而这两种临床常用的器械并没有完全达到根管预备的目标,尤其在三维影像上仍存在着明显的缺陷。自调节根管锉（SAF）这种新型镍钛器械的诞生,为根管预备技术带来了突破。其全新的设计克服了传统根管锉在柔韧性和可塑性等方面的不足,其自带的冲洗装置实现了根管冲洗和成形的同步操作,根管清理更为完善。本文就SAF的特性、力学性能和临床应用等研究进展作一综述。     

A study of the PEMT gene in schizophrenia

The phospholipid hypothesis of schizophrenia is becoming popular because of the findings from the niacin flush test, the treatment with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), biochemical studies for the phospholipid metabolism pathway and genetic studies of phospholipase A2. The present study attempted to investigate the gene coding for phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEMT), which is an important enzyme for the synthesis of membrane phospholipids. We recruited 271 Chinese parent-offspring trios of Han descent and detected 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the PEMT locus. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) showed allelic association for rs464396 (X2=9.4, P=0.002), but not for the other two. The 2-SNP haplotype analysis showed haplotypic association for both the rs936108-rs464396 haplotypes (X2=25.7, d.f.=3, P=0.00001) and the rs464396-rs4244593 haplotypes (X2=17.3, d.f.=3, P=0.0006). The 3-SNP haplotype analysis also showed a haplotypic association (X2=24.4, d.f.=7, P=0.0006). The present results suggest that the PEMT gene may contribute to the etiology of schizophrenia.     

Diethylstilbestrol impaired oogenesis of yellow catfish juveniles through disrupting hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and germ cell development

Diethylstilbestrol (DES), a non‐steroidal estrogen, has been found to cause altered germ cell development and disordered ovarian development in fish females. However, the mechanisms that might be involved are poorly understood. In this study, female juveniles of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) (120 days post‐hatching) were exposed to two doses (10 and 100 ng l^?1) of DES for 28 days. After the endpoint of exposure, decreased ovary weight and gonadosomatic index, as well as various ovarian impairments were observed in response to DES. Besides, DES elevated the mRNA levels of vitellogenin 1 (vtg 1) and estrogen receptor 1 (esr 1) in liver and decreased 17β‐estradiol level in plasma. Correspondingly, suppressed mRNA levels of the key genes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis (such as cyp19a1b, gnrh‐II, fshβ and lhβ in brain and fshr, lhr and cyp19a1a in ovary) after DES exposure were also observed. The declined level of plasma 17β‐estradiol and altered gene expressions of genes in the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis were thus supposed to be closely related to the disrupted oogenesis in DES‐treated fish. Analyses further demonstrated that, higher concentration of DES elevated the expression ratio of bax/bcl‐2, indicating the enhanced apoptosis occurred in ovary. Moreover, DES upregulated the expressions of genes involved in proliferation (cyclin d1 and pcna), meiotic entry (cyp26a1 and scp3) and meiotic maintenance (dmc1), resulting in arrested oogenesis in catfish. The present study greatly extended our understanding on the mechanisms underlying of reproductive toxicity of DES on fish oogenesis.     

Magnetic control of an electrochemical microfluidic device with an arrayed immunosensor for simultaneous multiple immunoassays

BACKGROUND: Methods based on magnetic bead probes have been developed for immunoassay, but most involve complicated labeling or stripping procedures and are unsuitable for routine use. METHODS: We synthesized magnet core/shell NiFe(2)O(4)/SiO(2) nanoparticles and fabricated an electrochemical magnetic controlled microfluidic device for the detection of 4 tumor markers. The immunoassay system consisted of 5 working electrodes and an Ag/AgCl reference electrode integrated on a glass substrate. Each working electrode contained a different antibody immobilized on the NiFe(2)O(4)/SiO(2) nanoparticle surface and was capable of measuring a specific tumor marker using noncompetitive electrochemical immunoassay. RESULTS: Under optimal conditions, the multiplex immunoassay enabled the simultaneous detection of 4 tumor markers. The sensor detection limit was <0.5 microg/L (or <0.5 kunits/L) for most analytes. Intra- and interassay imprecisions (CVs) were <4.5% and 8.7% for analyte concentrations >5 mug/L (or >5 kunits/L), respectively. No nonspecific adsorption was observed during a series of procedures to detect target proteins, and electrochemical cross-talk (CV) between neighboring sites was <10%. CONCLUSION: This immunoassay system offers promise for label-free, rapid, simple, cost-effective analysis of biological samples. Importantly, the chip-based immunosensor could be suitable for use in the mass production of miniaturized lab-on-a-chip devices and open new opportunities for protein diagnostics and biosecurity.