Investigation on the high risk factors of 3786 patients with myocardial infarction in Shenzhen city

目的 调查分析深圳市心肌梗死患者高危因素.方法 选取2011年1～12月3 786例心肌梗死患者为研究对象,将所有患者的发病高危因素进行调查研究.结果 3 786例心肌梗死患者的高危因素包括基本资料、生活习惯及伴随疾病情况等三个大的方面,其中年龄≥65岁的发病率高于55～64岁、45～54岁及≤44岁者,男性发病率高于女性,BMI≥30者高于25～30及＜25者,有家族史者高于无家族史者,吸烟、饮酒者高于未进行吸烟、饮酒者,锻炼较少者高于其他,伴随基础疾病者高于其他,均P＜0.05,差异有统计学意义,多因素Logistic回归分析显示上述研究指标均为心肌梗死发生的独立危险因素.结论 心肌梗死的高危因素主要包括基本资料、生活习惯及伴随疾病情况等三方面,应给予高危人群足够的重视以预防心肌梗死的发生.     

Processing Environmental Stimuli in Paranoid Schizophrenia: Recognizing Facial Emotions and Performing Executive Functions

ObjectiveTo study the contribution of executive function to abnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion in schizophrenia patients.MethodsAbnormal recognition of facial expressions of emotion was assayed according to Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion (JACFEE), Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), positive and negative symptom scale, and Hamilton anxiety and depression scale, respectively, in 88 paranoid schizophrenia patients and 75 healthy volunteers.ResultsPatients scored higher on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales, displayed lower JACFEE recognition accuracies and poorer WCST performances. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt and disgust was negatively correlated with the negative symptom scale score while the recognition accuracy of fear was positively with the positive symptom scale score and the recognition accuracy of surprise was negatively with the general psychopathology score in patients. Moreover, the WCST could predict the JACFEE recognition accuracy of contempt, disgust, and sadness in patients, and the perseverative errors negatively predicted the recognition accuracy of sadness in healthy volunteers. The JACFEE recognition accuracy of sadness could predict the WCST categories in paranoid schizophrenia patients.ConclusionRecognition accuracy of social-/moral emotions, such as contempt, disgust and sadness is related to the executive function in paranoid schizophrenia patients, especially when regarding sadness.     

Tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy for lower ureterolithiasis： A meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo review the evidence for tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy in enhancing the effectiveness of distal ureteral stone clearance rate.MethodsWe searched Pubmed/Medline, Embase, CBM and the Cochrane Library up to October 2011. All randomized controlled trials in which tamsulosin was evaluated with distal ureterolithiasis were eligible for the analysis. Outcome measure assessed was stone clearance rate. Two authors independently assessed study quality and extracted data. All data were analyzed using RevMan 5.1.ResultsThirteen studies involving 1067 participants met the inclusion criteria. Study duration ranged from 7 to 42 d. The pooled analysis showed an improvement of 41% in stone clearance rate of tamsulosin as medical expulsive therapy for distal ureteral calculi (RR=1.41, 95% CI=1.18 to 1.70). According to stone size (6 mmRR=1.52, 1.75, 1.05, 95% CI=1.30 to 1.77, 1.25 to 2.45, 0.95 to 1.16, respectively). Adverse effects of tamsulosin, mainly retrograde ejaculation, dizziness and hypotension, were reported in 7 included trials.ConclusionTreatment with tamsulosin appears to be a safe and effective medical expulsion therapy for distal ureterolithiasis. To make a definite clinical recommendation to use tamsulosin as medical expulsive treatment for distal ureteral calculi, high quality multicentric, randomized, double blinded, controlled trials are necessary to prove its efficacy.     

Low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa by GC-MS

An attempt had been made to isolate and identify the low polar volatile constituents from Isodon excisa. The dried plants were heat extracted with ethanol and then extracted with petroleum ether. The constituents were isolated and analyzed by GC-MS and then we retrieved them on NIST08 mass spectrometry database to determine their structures. Finally, successful results were achieved, 111 compounds were obtained and identified. 105 of them were reported for the first time in Isodon excisa and 22 of them were first found in natural products. Thus, the main constituents of it were found to be Sitosterol (33.28%), 3-Amino-4-pyrazolecarbonitrile (9.55%).     

Clinical features of 434 patients with Ota's nevus: a retrospective analysis

目的 描述重庆及周边地区太田痣患者发病特征及变化规律.方法 收集第三军医大学西南医院整形美容科2006年1月至2011年1月临床确诊的太田痣患者434例(男性74例,女性360例;平均年龄24岁),对患者性别、年龄、发病年龄、发病时间、皮损颜色、分布及面积等情况进行统计学分析.结果 受调查患者男女比例为1∶4.86,后天患病者比例约为54.61％.后天患病者中,男性发病高峰出现在儿童早期(3～5岁),女性发病的两个高峰分别是5岁以前、10～14岁.近年来后天患者比例明显升高,病程长的患者黑色皮损比例较高.结论 重庆及周边地区近年太田痣的先后天发病比例随患病时间推移出现变化,皮损颜色与病程长短有关.     

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血压晨峰在近年来的高血压研究中受到越来越多的关注,多项研究证实血压晨峰与心脑血管病的发病及预后密切相关。现本文就血压晨峰的定义、临床意义及治疗策略做一简要综述。     

2012欧洲心脏病学会心力衰竭指南更新要点

<正>2012年欧洲心脏病学会(ESC)发布了新的心力衰竭诊断治疗指南[1]。新指南在以下方面做了重要改变。1脑钠肽在心力衰竭诊断中的界值及意义鉴于在病理生理及诊断、治疗方面的明显差异,将心力衰竭明确划分为急性发作的心力衰竭(包括     

C-reactive protein does not impair insulin suppression of glucose release in primary hepatocytes

Recent studies have suggested that CRP may interfere with insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and endothelial cells. The aim of this study was to determine whether highly purified CRP increased the rate of glucose appearance in primary hepatocytes in the absence or presence of insulin. Primary rat hepatocytes were provided glucose-free media containing 10 mM lactate, 1 mM pyruvate, 0, 1 or 10 nM insulin, and 0 or 10 μg/ml of purified CRP for 6h. Purified CRP did not increase glucose release in the absence of insulin and did not reduce the ability of insulin to suppress glucose release.     

Molecular cloning and identification of mouse epididymis-specific gene mHong1, the homologue of rat HongrES1

Previous studies have shown that rat epididymis-specific gene HongrES1 plays important roles in sperm capacitation and fertility. In this study, we cloned the mouse homologue gene by sequence alignment and RT-PCR methods and designated it as mHong1. The mHong1 gene is located on chromosome 12p14, spanning five exons. The cDNA sequence consists of 1257 nucleotides and encodes a 419 amino-acid protein with a predicted N-terminal signal peptide of 20 amino acids. The mHong1 mRNA shows similarity with HongrES1 in the expression patterns: (i) specific expression in epididymal tissue, especially in the cauda region; and (ii) androgen-dependence but testicular fluid factor independence. Its protein product shows 71% similarity with HongrES1 and contains a classical serpin domain as does HongrES1. A polyclonal antibody against mHong1 with high specificity and sensitivity was raised. Like HongrES1, the mHong1 protein shows a checker-board expression pattern in the epididymal epithelium and is secreted into the epididymal lumen. The mHong1 protein shows higher glycosylation than HongrES1. Although both of them are deposited onto the sperm head surface, mHong1 is localized to the equatorial segment, which is different from that of HongrES1. The mHong1 protein can be removed from the sperm membrane by high ionic strength and therefore can be classed as an extrinsic membrane protein. Collectively, we conclude that mHong1 is the homologue of HongrES1 and the present work paves the way for establishing animal models to elucidate the precise functions of HongrES1 and mHong1.     

Evidence of γ-Tocotrienol as an Apoptosis-Inducing,Invasion-Suppressing,and Chemotherapy Drug-Sensitizing Agent in Human Melanoma Cells

To date, the most effective cure for metastatic melanoma remains the surgical resection of the primary tumor. Recently, tocotrienol-rich-fraction has shown antiproliferative effect on cancer cells. To elucidate this anticancer property in malignant melanoma, this study aimed, first, to identify the most potent isomer for eliminating melanoma cells and second to decipher the molecular pathway responsible for its activity. Results showed that the inhibitory effect of gamma-tocotrienol was most potent, which resulted in induction of apoptosis as evidenced by activation of procaspases and the accumulation of sub-G1 cell population. Examination of the prosurvival genes revealed that the gamma-tocotrienol-induced cell death was associated with suppression of NF-kappaB, EGF-R, and Id family proteins. Meanwhile, gamma-tocotrienol treatment also resulted in induction of JNK signaling pathway, and inhibition of JNK activity by selective inhibitor was able to partially block the effect of gamma-tocotrienol. Interestingly, gamma-tocotrienol treatment led to suppression of mesenchymal markers and the restoration of E-cadherin and gamma-catenin expression, which was associated with suppression of cell invasion capability. Furthermore, synergistic effect was observed when cells were cotreated with gamma-tocotrienol and chemotherapy drugs. Together, our results demonstrated for the first time the anti-invasion and chemonsensitization effect of gamma-tocotrienol against human malignant melanoma cells.