联苯双脂滴丸制备工艺的研究

目的　对滴丸剂型的制备工艺进行研究。方法与结果　通过对联苯双脂滴丸制备过程的试验 ,确定了联苯双脂滴丸的重量、处方组成与制备工艺 ,讨论了影响滴丸成形、丸的圆整度和丸重差异的因素。结论　该制备工艺适用于滴丸剂型的工业化生产。     

13例肝局灶性结节增生的CT和MR诊断

目的 探讨肝脏局灶性结节增生(FNH)的CT和MR表现及诊断价值。方法 回顾分析13例经手术病理证实为肝脏FNH的CT和MR表现，研究其影像的诊断价值。结果 13例FNH的CT和MR中7例表现较为典型，CT平扫等密度，T1WI为等信号，T2WI为等信号或稍高信号；部分病灶可见中央区低密度瘢痕，增强动脉期除中央瘢痕外均明显强化，门静脉期常见明显强化，延时期多为等密度，瘢痕可稍有强化；术前作出正确诊断。6例FNH表现不典型，CT低密度灶，T1WI为低信号，T2WI为高信号，无瘢痕和轻度强化；术前3例诊断为恶性肿瘤，3例诊断为血管瘤。结论 FNH的CT和MR表现在术前进行综合分析，多数可明确诊断。     

LDL-C/HDL-C比值及颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄与脑梗塞发病关系的探讨

目的 研究低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)／高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值以及颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄与脑梗塞发病的关系，并探讨其预测脑梗塞发生的价值。方法 应用彩色多普勒显保仪对非脑梗塞组患者328例(高血压198例、糖尿病82例、高血压伴糖尿病48例)和脑梗塞组患者260例进行颈动脉检测，观察颈动脉狭窄程度；同时检测两组患者的LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平。结果 脑梗塞组颈动脉重度狭窄发生率明显高于非脑梗塞组(P＜0．01)；LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平及异常率也明显高于非脑梗塞组(P＜0．01)，相关分析显示与甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(Tch)、LDL和HDL-C相比，该比值显示了更有意义的与脑梗塞的相关关系(β＝0．357，P＝0．001)，经多元逐步回归分析显示，与TG、Tch、LDL-C和HDL-C相比，该比值显示了更有意义的回归关系，其标准方程式为：γ(脑梗塞)＝0．339(糖尿病史) 0．278(LDL-C) 0．187(高血压史)(P＜0．贴，复相关系数为0．534)。结论 应用颈动脉超声判定颈动脉重度狭窄和检测LDL-C/HDL-C比值水平及异常率对预测脑梗塞的发生有一定的实用参考价值。     

N,N-二甲胺基硫代乙酰胺的合成研究

目的：研究尼扎替丁中间体N，N－二甲胺基硫代乙酰胺的合成，考察不同反应温度，反应时间对收率的影响。方法：采用硫氢化钠为催化剂，硫化氢气体直接通入原料N，N－二甲胺基乙腈中反应，然后通过过滤，减压蒸馏得粗品，用异丙醇重结晶得成品，结果：控制反应温度约50℃，通入硫化氢气体反应6小时。结论：该合成方法为N，N－二甲胺基硫代乙酰胺的工业化生产提供了一条新途径。     

HPLC检测"抗癫癎纯中药制剂"中苯巴比妥

目的建立检测“抗癫痢纯中药制剂”中所掺入的苯巴比妥的方法。方法以甲醇-乙腈-水(40：15：45)为流动相，在ODS柱上样品进行分离，对二极管阵列检测器所检测到的样品进行紫外鉴别与含量测定。结果对送检的10个样品进行了检测，在8个样品中均检测到了苯巴比妥。结论所建立的HPLC能准确、快速检测出“抗癫痈纯中药制剂”中所掺入的苯巴比妥。     

银杏外种皮多糖对SGC-7901细胞p53基因的表达及端粒酶活性的影响

目的　研究银杏外种皮多糖对人胃癌SGC 790 1细胞 p5 3基因表达及端粒酶活性的影响。 方法　应用免疫组织化学ABC法检测 p5 3基因的表达 ;应用TRAP ELISA法检测端粒酶活性。结果　银杏外种皮多糖 (80～ 16 0mg·L-1,4 8h)能抑制人胃癌SGC 790 1细胞突变型 p5 3基因的表达及其端粒酶活性。结论　银杏外种皮多糖抑制SGC 790 1细胞增殖的作用机制可能与其下调突变型 p5 3基因的表达和对端粒酶活性的抑制作用有关     

盐酸依替米星的HPLC测定

以邻苯二甲醛为衍生试剂，用柱前衍生化高效液相色谱法测定盐酸依替米星的含量。以Shim—Pack VP—ODS为色谱柱，水—冰醋酸—甲醇(20：5：75)混合溶液配制的0．02mol/L庚烷磺酸钠溶液为流动相，检测波长330nm。在0．04—0．2mg／m1浓度范围内，线性关系良好(r＝0．9999)，精密度RSD为0．75％。     

Comparison of in vitro and in vivo inhibition potencies of fluvoxamine toward CYP2C19.

A previous study suggested that fluvoxamine inhibition potency toward CYP1A2 is 10 times greater in vivo than in vitro. The present study was designed to determine whether the same gap exists for CYP2C19, another isozyme inhibited by fluvoxamine. In vitro studies examined the effect of nonspecific binding on the determination of inhibition constant (K(i)) values of fluvoxamine toward CYP2C19 in human liver microsomes and in a cDNA-expressed microsomal (Supersomes) system using (S)-mephenytoin as a CYP2C19 probe. K(i) values based on total added fluvoxamine concentration (K(i,total)) and unbound fluvoxamine concentration (K(i,ub)) were calculated, and interindividual variability in K(i) values was examined in six nonfatty livers. K(i,total) values varied with microsomal protein concentration, whereas the corresponding K(i,ub) values were within a narrow range (70-80 nM). In vivo inhibition constants (K(i)iv) were obtained from a study of the disposition of a single oral dose (100 mg) of the CYP2C19 probe (S)-mephenytoin in 12 healthy volunteers receiving fluvoxamine at 0, 37.5, 62.6, and 87.5 mg/day to steady state. In this population, the ratio of (S)-4-hydroxy-mephenytoin formation clearances (uninhibited/inhibited) was positively correlated with fluvoxamine average steady-state concentration with an intercept of 0.85 (r(2) = 0.88, p < 0.001). The mean (+/-S.D.) values of K(i)iv based on total and unbound plasma concentrations were 13.5 +/- 5.6 and 1.9 +/- 1.1 nM, respectively. Comparison of in vitro and in vivo K(i) values, based on unbound fluvoxamine concentrations, suggests that fluvoxamine inhibition potency is roughly 40 times greater in vivo than in vitro.     

Direct and indirect acquisition of syringes from syringe exchange programmes in Baltimore, Maryland, USA

Syringe exchange programmes (SEPs) are a fundamental source of sterile syringes and other health services for injection drug users (IDUs). However, various obstacles prevent many individuals from obtaining syringes from this source. As a result, some IDUs acquire syringes from “secondary exchangers”. The current study assessed the acquisition of syringes from the Baltimore City Needle Exchange Program (BNEP) as well as factors associated with obtaining syringes from the BNEP. Participants were asked to identify the colour of the cap of the most recently obtained syringe (red or grey cap suggested BNEP origins). In addition, support and risk network variables were examined. Although 38% reported using a syringe with a grey or red cap, only 7% reported that the BNEP was their primary source of syringes. Multivariate analyses showed that reporting the most recent syringe cap as red or grey was associated with obtaining syringes from the BNEP, obtaining syringes from a spouse, obtaining syringes from friends/neighbours, and number of drug users in their network. Based on these findings, encouraging secondary exchange is an effective method of providing injectors with syringes.     

替莫唑胺含量测定方法的研究

目的：建立一种适合替莫唑胺的含量测定方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、凯氏定氮法分别对替莫唑胺进行含量测定。结果：3种方法均适用于替莫唑胺的含量测定，且都有较高的灵敏度和精密度。结论：紫外分光光度法准确、快速、简便，是替莫唑胺含量测定的最佳方法。