Gut microbiota and lipid metabolism alterations in mice induced by oral cadmium telluride quantum dots

The potential toxicity of cadmium-containing quantum dots (QDs) has received much attention because of increasing biomedical applications. However, little has been known about how cadmium telluride (CdTe) QDs influence the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism. In this study, mice were exposed orally to CdTe QDs (200 μL of 0.2, 2, 20 or 200 μm ; twice per week) for 4 weeks. The oral experiments showed CdTe QD exposure led to a decrease of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio of gut microbiota, which highly negatively correlated with the low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in serum. In addition, the low-dose (0.2 and 2 μm ) CdTe QDs significantly increased the diversity of gut microbiota, and did not elevate the LDL, TG and TC levels in serum. The medium dose (20 μm ) of CdTe QDs caused the biggest decrease of the F/B ratio, so it significantly increased the LDL, TG and TC levels compared with the control. Furthermore, high-dose (200 μm ) CdTe QDs caused various toxicities in the histopathology of liver and intestine, liver function and intestinal immunity, but did not significantly lead to changes of the LDL, TG and TC levels in serum. This study demonstrates that high-dose oral CdTe QDs mainly lead to tissue damage of the liver and intestine, while the medium and low doses of oral CdTe QDs induce shifts of gut microbiota structure, which are associated with blood lipid levels.     

前扣带回皮质注射钙调磷酸酶对大鼠牙移动疼痛的镇痛作用及机制

目的探索前扣带回皮质（ACC）注射钙调磷酸酶（CaN）溶液对实验性牙移动大鼠的镇痛作用及机制。 方法将60只200~ 250 g SD大鼠采用随机数字表法分为4组（假处理组10只、单纯加力组10只、0.9%氯化钠溶液组20只、CaN溶液组20只）,分别给予建立大鼠正畸牙移动模型不加力、建模并加力、加力并注射0.9%氯化钠溶液、加力并注射CaN溶液的处理,观察比较ACC埋管前、建模前、建模后2 d、给药后30 min、2 h、4 h、24 h、3 d、5 d、7 d大鼠挠嘴时间及面部表情评分（RGS）来评价疼痛状态,蛋白免疫印迹法（Western blot）检测ACC区脑组织α-氨基羟甲基异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）受体亚基GluA1的磷酸化情况及磷酸化蛋白激酶A（pPKA）、磷酸化蛋白激酶Cγ（pPKCγ）的表达变化。应用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析。 结果建模后2 d,假处理组和单纯加力组的平均挠嘴时间分别为（43 ± 9）、（158 ± 21）s,RGS值分别为19 ± 3、53 ± 6。与假处理组相比,单纯加力组疼痛行为显著增加（t_挠嘴= 15.876,P_挠嘴<0.001;t_RGS= 16.250,P_RGS<0.001）,ACC区pGluA1-831和pPKCγ表达增加,差异具有统计学意义（t₈₃₁= 3.060,P₈₃₁= 0.013;t_PKCγ= 2.831,P_PKCγ= 0.011）。ACC区给药后2、4、24 h,CaN溶液组的挠嘴时间分别为（64 ± 26）、（67 ± 18）、（93 ± 21）s,相比于0.9%氯化钠溶液组的（147 ± 31）、（136 ± 29）、（119 ± 30）s显著减少;同时给药后30 min、2 h、4 h、24 h、3 d,CaN溶液组的RGS值相比于0.9%氯化钠溶液组亦显著减少,差异均有统计学意义。给药后2 h,ACC区pGluA1-831和pPKCγ表达量减少,差异具有统计学意义（t₈₃₁= 7.916,P₈₃₁<0.001;t_PKCγ= 3.230,P_PKCγ= 0.005）。 结论大鼠正畸牙移动疼痛引起AMPA受体亚基GluA1在Ser831位点磷酸化增加,其可能由蛋白激酶Cγ介导。CaN溶液可通过引起GluA1去磷酸化而缓解正畸牙移动疼痛。     

前牙修复中常用桩核材料的三维有限元分析

目的 通过对临床常用的五种不同的桩核材料(铸造镍铬合金、铸造铁合金、铸造金合金、玻璃纤维、IPSempress铸瓷)进行牙本质应力的三维有限元分析,为临床选择桩核材料,优化桩核设计,提供生物力学依据.方法 采用螺旋CT扫描技术建立上颌中切牙桩核修复的三维有限元模型,五种不同的桩核材料类型分组,分别进行切端模拟加载,应用五种不同的桩核材料牙本质应力情况.结果 不同的桩核材料修复后牙本质应力有明显差异,金属桩核修复后牙本质应力升高,临床最常用的铸造Ni-Cr合金桩与牙本质交界部位产生明显的应力集中,并明显升高了桩尖周牙本质应力峰值.弹性模量与牙本质相近的玻璃纤维桩修复后牙本质应力分布与修复前相似.桩核修复后对牙本质应力分布的影响与桩核材料的弹性模量密切相关.结论 ①三维有限元分析法是一种简洁有效的生物力学分析方法.②临床桩核冠修复残根时,应尽量保存剩余牙体组织,可增强牙体抗折力.桩核修复后对牙本质应力分布的影响与桩核材料的弹性模量密切相关.与牙本质弹性模量相近玻璃纤维桩有利于保护残根,避免根折的发生.     

非编码RNA与乳腺癌他莫昔芬耐药关系的研究进展

乳腺癌是女性最常见恶性肿瘤之一,内分泌治疗是激素受体阳性乳腺癌患者全身治疗的主要手段。他莫昔芬是临床上常用的雌激素受体拮抗药物,是内分泌治疗主要药物之一,但肿瘤细胞对他莫昔芬的耐药限制了其临床疗效。非编码RNA在恶性肿瘤耐药中的作用是近年来的研究热点。已有研究发现,非编码RNA在乳腺癌他莫昔芬耐药的发生发展过程中发挥了重要作用,是逆转他莫昔芬耐药的潜在靶点。本文通过对国内外一些实验室和临床研究结果的综述,拟对非编码RNA与乳腺癌他莫昔芬耐药关系的研究进展进行概述。     

Src激酶在骨肉瘤U2OS细胞失巢凋亡中的作用

【摘要】 目的 探讨Src激酶在骨肉瘤U2OS细胞失巢凋亡中的作用。方法 采用超低黏附板构建骨肉瘤U2OS细胞失巢凋亡抵抗模型,Western blot检测骨肉瘤U2OS细胞和失巢凋亡抵抗细胞中Src激酶蛋白的水平。加入Src激酶抑制剂,Western blot检测U2OS细胞中Src激酶蛋白的水平变化,并利用TUNEL染色和流式细胞双染技术检测细胞凋亡率。结果 成功构建骨肉瘤失巢凋亡抵抗模型细胞（U2OSar）,在骨肉瘤失巢凋亡过程中,p Src的蛋白水平逐渐升高;与骨肉瘤U2OS细胞相比,U2OSar细胞中,p Src/Src蛋白灰度比值023上升至091（P＜005）;加入Src激酶抑制剂PP2后, 骨肉瘤U2OS细胞的p Src的蛋白水平明显降低,凋亡率从4666%下降至2832%（P＜005）。结论 Src激酶参与调控骨肉瘤失巢凋亡,抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡,促进其失巢凋亡抵抗。     

基于区域医疗大数据的慢性肾脏病患者贫血患病及治疗情况调查

目的分析慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的贫血患病率、影响因素及治疗情况。方法采用描述性统计分析方法分析2012-2018年宁波市鄞州区域健康信息平台中CKD患者贫血患病情况及贫血患病后12个月内接受治疗的情况;采用多因素logistic回归模型分析CKD患者贫血患病的影响因素。结果共纳入52 619例新发CKD患者, 有15 639例(29.72%)CKD患者存在贫血, 其中女性贫血患者10 178例(31.87%), 男性贫血患者5 461例(26.41%), 女性CKD患者贫血患病率高于男性, 差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。贫血患病率随着CKD分期的进展而增加(趋势检验P<0.001), 由1期的24.77%增长至5期的69.42%。多因素logistic回归分析显示, CKD贫血患病主要的影响因素有性别(女性:aOR=1.57, 95%CI:1.50～1.63)、CKD分期(2期:aOR=1.10, 95%CI:1.04～1.16;3期:aOR=2.28, 95%CI:2.12～2.44;4期:aOR=4.49, 95%CI:3.79～5.32;5期:aOR=6.31...     

Notch3 negatively regulates chemoresistance in breast cancers

Tumor Biology - To define the role of the NOTCH signaling pathway in the development of chemoresistance and the associated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), we investigated the effect...     

Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal carcinoma with positive CD57 expression: A clinicopathologic study of three cases

Biphasic squamoid alveolar renal cell carcinoma (BSARCC) is a rare and recently characterized form of papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). Herein, we describe three cases of BSARCC that were CD57+. Among a total of 90 cases of PRCC, three cases were found to be consistent with a diagnosis of BSARCC. In addition to reviewing these cases, we reviewed the relevant literature pertaining to this form of cancer and assessed the immunohistochemical staining for CD57 on the available tumor samples. The three BSARCC cases in the present study were composed of two primary populations of cells. Tumors stained positive for CK, PAX8, CK7, CK19, AMACR, EMA, and vimentin. Larger cells expressed detectable levels of cyclin D1, and expression of CD57 was limited to the larger cells. All three patients were alive and free of disease during the most recent follow‐up. Our results suggest that the CD57 positivity of at least a subset of cases should necessitate their differentiation from cases of metanephric adenoma.     

普鲁卡因抑制肺癌细胞生长和运动的机制研究

目的 探索普鲁卡因抑制ERK1/2和p38 MAPK的磷酸化对肺癌细胞A549生长和运动的影响.方法 将对数生长期细胞分为对照组、普鲁卡因组、阳性对照组、ERK1/2组、p38 MAPK组、普鲁卡因+ERK1/2组和普鲁卡因+p38 MAPK组.检测各组细胞生长、侵袭和迁移;Western印迹检测Caspase-3、E...