陕西省018例HIV/AIDS病人HBV、HCV及TP合并感染情况

目的 分析陕西省艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者/艾滋病（AIDS）病人（简称HIV/AIDS病人）中,乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）、丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）及梅毒螺旋体（TP）共感染情况,为陕西省HIV防控提供科学依据。方法 对陕西省HIV/AIDS病人进行横断面调查,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）进行乙肝五项、抗-HCV及抗-TP检测。结果 018例HIV/AIDS病人中,112例（11.0%）乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）阳性,共发现19种血清模式,其中以HBsAb单阳最高,446例（43.8%）,其次为HBV标志物全阴,307例（30.2%）,乙肝“大三阳”（HBsAg+、HBsAb-、HBeAg+、HBeAb-、HBcAb+）16例（1.6%）;抗-HCV阳性119例（11.1%）;抗-TP阳性265例（26.0%）;抗-HCV+抗-TP阳性22例（2.2%）,抗-HCV+HBsAg阳性17例（1.7%）,抗-TP+HBsAg阳性26例（2.6%）,抗-HCV+HBsAg+抗-TP阳性1例（0.1%）。结论 陕西省HIV/AIDS人群中HBV、HCV、TP合并感染率高于普通人群,应加强HIV/AIDS人群宣传教育及乙肝疫苗接种工作。     

Comparative analysis of constitutes and metabolites for traditional Chinese medicine using IDA and SWATH data acquisition modes on LC-Q-TOF MS

Identification of components and metabolites of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) employing liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF MS) techniques with information-dependent acquisition (IDA) approaches is increasingly frequent. A current drawback of IDA-MS is that the complexity of a sample might prevent important compounds from being triggered in IDA settings. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) is a data-independent acquisition (DIA) method where the instrument deterministically fragments all precursor ions within the predefined m/z range in a systematic and unbiased fashion. Herein, the superiority of SWATH on the detection of TCMs’ components was firstly investigated by comparing the detection efficiency of SWATH-MS and IDA-MS data acquisition modes, and sanguisorbin extract was used as a mode TCM. After optimizing the setting parameters of SWATH, rolling collision energy (CE) and variable Q1 isolation windows were found to be more efficient for sanguisorbin identification than the fixed CE and fixed Q1 isolation window. More importantly, the qualitative efficiency of SWATH-MS on sanguisorbins was found significantly higher than that of IDA-MS data acquisition. In IDA mode, 18 kinds of sanguisorbins were detected in sanguisorbin extract. A total of 47 sanguisorbins were detected when SWATH-MS was used under rolling CE and flexible Q1 isolation window modes. Besides, 26 metabolites of sanguisorbins were identified in rat plasma, and their metabolic pathways could be deduced as decarbonylation, oxidization, reduction, methylation, and glucuronidation according to their fragmental ions acquired in SWATH-MS mode. Thus, SWATH-MS data acquisition could provide more comprehensive information for the component and metabolite identification for TCMs than IDA-MS.     

《伤寒论》第282条之探析

[目的]分析《伤寒论》第282条,探讨其证之病因病机。[方法]基于《伤寒论》282条原文的论述,参考多家医家之注释,对照仲景其他条文的叙述,分析对该条文所述病因病机的认识,权衡急缓,附以适宜方药。[结果]原文冠首"少阴病",宜理解为"伤寒";"虚故引水自救"并非指向"阳虚",宜是阴虚;疾病本是错综复杂,原文虽存在阴虚证候,但总体仍是少阴寒化证;原条文虽未给出汤药,经过讨论,此处应及时处方以白通汤,以防病变加剧。[结论]《伤寒论》282条论述了一种少阴病寒化证的动态发展过程,结合其他与之并列条文,可见其完善了少阴寒化证的症状,原文虽未给出治法,然非无药可治,是仲圣已于其它处论述,这提示后人,有机地联系前后条文,是学习《伤寒论》方法之一。     

Orem自护理论在剖宫产患者护理中的应用

目的：探讨Orem自护理论在剖官产患者护理中的应用效果。方法：将208例剖官产患者随机分成观察组106例及对照组102例，两组均给予常规护理，观察组同时运用Orem自护理论，比较两组患者的心理状况（SAS、SDS评分）、术后恢复情况及自护能力。结果：观察组出院时SAS、SDS评分显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），术后肛门排气时间及首次下床活动时间显著早于对照组（P〈0．01），自护能力显著优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：运用Orem自护理论可减轻剖官产患者的焦虑、抑郁症状，促进术后恢复，提高自护能力。     

miR-206靶向MAPK-1通路增强胶质瘤细胞放射敏感性

目的 研究miR-206对胶质瘤细胞放射敏感可能作用的信号通路,为深入研究其调控机理奠定基础。方法 将miR-206模拟剂或miR-206抑制剂转染到胶质瘤U87细胞中,使用抑制剂PD98059抑制MAPK通路活性并照射处理细胞,MTT和克隆形成实验检测细胞放射敏感性变化。分别用qRT-PCR和蛋白印迹法检测miR-206和MAPK1的表达变化,TargetScan软件预测和双荧光素酶报告实验验证miR-206和MAPK1的相互作用。结果 胶质瘤细胞放射处理后miR-206表达下调,MAPK1表达上调。miR-206模拟剂过表达miR-206,细胞增殖和克隆形成能力下降,放射敏感性增高;转染抑制剂抑制miR-206表达,细胞增殖和克隆形成能力加强,放射敏感性降低。使用TargetScan软件查找发现MAPK1可能是miR-206的靶基因,双荧光素酶报告实验进一步验证了miR-206和MAPK1具有相互作用。过表达或降低miR-206表达,MAPK1与miR-206呈相反变化趋势。使用抑制剂抑制MAPK信号通路,胶质瘤细胞放射敏感性升高。结论 miR-206可能靶向MAPK1,通过抑制MAPK信号通路活性调节胶质瘤细胞的放射敏感性。     

Putative digenic inheritance of heterozygous RP1L1 and C2orf71 null mutations in syndromic retinal dystrophy

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of inherited retinal degeneration and can occur in non-syndromic and syndromic forms. Syndromic RP is accompanied by other symptoms such as intellectual disability, hearing loss, or congenital abnormalities. Both forms are known to exhibit complex genetic interactions that can modulate the penetrance and expressivity of the phenotype.

Materials and methods: In an individual with atypical RP, hearing loss, ataxia and cerebellar atrophy, whole exome sequencing was performed. The candidate pathogenic variants were tested by developing an in vivo zebrafish model and assaying for retinal and cerebellar integrity.

Results: Exome sequencing revealed a complex heterozygous protein-truncating mutation in RP1L1, p.[(Lys111Glnfs*27; Gln2373*)], and a heterozygous nonsense mutation in C2orf71, p.(Ser512*). Mutations in both genes have previously been implicated in autosomal recessive non-syndromic RP, raising the possibility of a digenic model in this family. Functional testing in a zebrafish model for two key phenotypes of the affected person showed that the combinatorial suppression of rp1l1 and c2orf71l induced discrete pathology in terms of reduction of eye size with concomitant loss of rhodopsin in the photoreceptors, and disorganization of the cerebellum.

Conclusions: We propose that the combination of heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in these genes drives syndromic retinal dystrophy, likely through the genetic interaction of at least two loci. Haploinsufficiency at each of these loci is insufficient to induce overt pathology.     

miR-135a 通过下调SOX2 抑制喉癌Hep-2 细胞的恶性生物学行为和增强对奥沙利铂的敏感性

[摘要] 目的：探讨敲降miR-135a 对人喉癌上皮Hep-2 细胞的恶性生物学行为和奥沙利铂敏感性的影响。方法：收集2018年1 月至2018 年6 月郑州大学附属南阳医院南阳市中心医院行喉癌切除术10 例患者的喉癌组织和癌旁组织标本。采用qPCR检测喉癌组织和Hep-2 细胞中miR-135a 的表达水平。miR-135 inhibitor 转染喉癌Hep-2 细胞后,采用CCK-8 检测Hep-2 细胞活性,集落形成实验检测Hep-2 细胞集落形成能力,Transwell 实验检测Hep-2 细胞的侵袭及迁移能力,WB实验检测Hep-2 细胞中SOX2蛋白的表达水平。0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 μmol/L的奥沙利铂处理已转染miR-135 inhibitor 的Hep-2 细胞,CCK-8 实验检测Hep-2 细胞的增殖活性,Annexin-V-FITC/PI 染色流式细胞术检测Hep-2 细胞的凋亡率。采用miR-135a inhibitor 质粒、对照pcDNA 空载体（SOX2-Con）质粒、pcDNA-SOX2（SOX2-OE）质粒共转染Hep-2 细胞,构建miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-Con 组和miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-OE组,检测此2 组细胞的增殖活性、集落形成能力、侵袭及迁移能力。结果：与癌旁组织比较,喉癌组织中miR-135a表达水平显著升高（P<0.01）;与正常NHP细胞比较,miR-135a 在Hep-2 细胞中表达水平明显上调（P<0.01）;转染miR-135a inhibitor导致Hep-2 细胞中miR-135a 表达水平明显降低（P<0.01）。敲降miR-135a 明显降低Hep-2 细胞的增殖活性、细胞集落数、迁移、侵袭和SOX2 表达（均P<0.01）;明显增强细胞对奥沙利铂敏感性（P<0.01）;与miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-Con 组比较,miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-OE 组的Hep-2 细胞的增殖活性、细胞集落数、迁移与侵袭能力均明显增加（均P<0.01）;同时,用不同浓度的奥沙利铂处理此2 组细胞,相对于miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-Con组,miR-135a inhibitor+SOX2-OE组的Hep-2 细胞存活率显著升高（P<0.01）。结论：敲降miR-135a 可能通过下调转录因子SOX2 的表达抑制Hep-2 细胞的恶性生物学行为,并增强其对奥沙利铂的敏感性。