Anatomic and spiral computed tomographic study of the genial tubercles for genioglossus advancement.

OBJECTIVE: To measure and compare Chinese mandibular genial tubercles measured anatomically and with computed tomography (CT). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Spiral CT scans were taken of 40 adult human skulls; the superior genial spines were measured using anatomic and CT methods. RESULTS: The height and width of the superior genial spines, mandible thickness, and distance from the menton to the inferior and superior margins of the superior genial spines were 5.82 +/- 0.71, 6.98 +/- 1.35, 11.95 +/- 1.59, 11.08 +/- 2.05, and 16.91 +/- 2.30 mm from anatomic measurements and 6.17 +/- 0.71, 7.01 +/- 1.13, 12.19 +/- 1.64, 10.41 +/- 1.55, and 15.73 +/- 2.12 mm using spiral CT, respectively. The anatomic and CT measurements were correlated. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT of the genial tubercles can help locate the osteotomy in genioglossus advancement. SIGNIFICANCE: This study acquired reference data on Chinese genial tubercles demonstrating that CT measurements of the genial tubercles reflect their anatomy, which should allow accurately locate the osteotomy.     

虹膜夹型有晶状体眼人工晶状体植入术对高度近视眼对比敏感度的影响

目的 研究虹膜夹型有晶状体眼人工晶状体（iris-claw phakic intraocular lens，ICPIOL）植人术后对比敏感度（contrastsensitivity，CS）的变化。方法 2005年5月至12月于温州医学院附属眼视光医院和中山大学中山眼科中心接受ICPIOL（Verisyse，美国AMO公司）植入术的高度近视眼患者12例（23只眼），分别在术前、术后1、3、6个月采用CS测试灯箱（CSV-1000型，美国Vector Vision公司）检查暗视状态下无／有眩光时的对比敏感度函数（contrast sensitivity function，CSF）。结果 术后1、3、6个月等效球镜度数分别为（-0．60±0．77）D，（-0．48±0．77）D，（-0．34±0．53）D，与术前（-15．53D±3．65D）差异均有显著统计学意义（P均〈0．001），最佳矫正视力（IogMAR）分别为0．064-0．12，0．02±0．09，-0．003±0．08，与术前（0．21±0．12）差异均有显著统计学意义（P均〈0．001）。术后各空间频率的CS与术前比较有增高趋势。术后3个月6、12、18周／度的CS在无眩光时和有眩光时均明显提高（P均〈0．01），开始接近正常范围。术后3、6个月在各空间频率上CS差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论 ICPIOL植入术矫治高度近视眼可以使CSF恢复到接近正常范围，显著改善视功能，是一种适用于高度乃至超高度近视眼的可供选择的屈光手术。     

Pregnancy: Oral misoprostol versus placebo for cervical dilatation before vacuum aspiration in first trimester pregnancy

Intravaginal misoprostol has been shown to be effective forcervical priming before a surgically induced abortion. The objectivewas to investigate the effectiveness of oral misoprostol incervical dilatation prior to vacuum aspiration between the 6thand 12th weeks of pregnancy. The results showed that in nulliparouspatients, the median cervical dilatation in the treatment group(7.8 mm) was significantly greater than that in the placebogroup (3.7 mm). In multiparous patients, the difference wasalso statistically significant (9.8 versus 6.0 mm). The easeof dilatation, assessed subjectively by the operating surgeons,was significantly improved in the treatment group. There wasalso a significant reduction in the duration of the operationand in the mean blood loss in the treatment group. The side-effectsencountered in the treatment group were mild and well acceptedby the women. Oral misoprostol is an effective and safe methodfor cervical dilatation prior to vacuum aspiration in firsttrimester pregnancy.     

千捶膏配合生肌玉红膏治疗感染性伤面的临床观察

我院多年来应用千捶膏和生肌玉红膏治疗感染性伤面。千捶膏用于去腐,生肌玉红膏用于生新。据我们观察二药有较强的抗感染作用,尤其有抗绿脓感染作用。应用千捶膏可以较快地达到脱腐作用,应用生肌玉红膏可以促进肉芽增生,达到伤面早期愈合,值得推广。     

应用微阵列初步分析髓母细胞瘤的基因表达谱

目的　应用微阵列技术研究髓母细胞瘤的分子发病机理。方法　收集新鲜髓母细胞瘤 4例及正常脑组织 1份的组织标本 ,提取总 RNA,逆转录成 32 P标记的 c DNA探针 ,与 Atlas人肿瘤芯片杂交 ,通过放射自显影获得基因谱 ,应用 Atlas Image TM1.0 1a分析。结果　与正常脑组织相比 ,髓母细胞瘤下调基因 6个 ,上调基因 35个 ;逆转录 -聚合酶链反应技术验证结果与芯片检测结果相符。除少数基因外 ,大部分基因的表达趋势与肿瘤生物学特性相符。结论　髓母细胞瘤是与星形细胞起源胶质瘤具有不同分子发病机理的多基因病变 ,不同基因之间可能存在复杂的相互作用和联系 ,值得进一步研究。     

Preparation of Aminated Macroporous Polyvinyl Alcohol Resins and Evaluation for Bilirubin Adsorption

In the present study we prepared macroporous polyvinyl alcohol beads. A series of bilirubin adsorbents were generated by immobilization of eight amine agents to the beads as ligands. The adsorption of bilirubin was evaluated by in vitro static and dynamic adsorption tests. The results show that these adsorbents have excellent adsorption efficiency and capacity. Among the eight ligands, trimethylamine (TMA), triethylamine (TEA) and 1,6- hexanediamine(HDA) showed the highest adsorption capacity. The adsorption equilibrium can be achieved in half an hour, and the adsorption percentage of bilirubin was up to 80%. Static electricity and hydrophobic interaction played the main role in bilirubin adsorption, and the adsorption was found to match the monolayer model. The excellent adsorption of these adsorbents indicates their potential in clinical treatment.     

Partial characterization of a non-proteinaceous, low molecular weight antigen of Eimeria tenella

A low molecular weight (LMW) antigen of Eimeria tenella, initially identified using a murine monoclonal antibody (mAb C₃4F₁) raised against E. tenella sporozoites, was partially characterized using enzymatic degradation, solvent extraction, and immunization into various inbred lines of mice. The LMW antigen could be isolated using Folch extraction (methanol/chloroform/water) and the epitope recognized by mAb C₃4F₁ was resistant to degradation by α-amylase, pronase, and proteinase K, but was sensitive to sodium m-periodate treatment or digestion using mixed glycosidases (from Turbo cornutus). These observations suggest that the antigenic epitope recognized by mAb C₃4F₁ is carbohydrate-dependent and, based on our ability to isolate the LMW antigen by Folch extraction, the epitope probably resides on a polar glycolipid. The inability of sporozoite-immunized nude mice to elicit a serum antibody response to this molecule indicates that it acts as a T-dependent antigen. Furthermore, sporozoite-immunized male CBA/N mice (with an X-linked immunodeficiency) also failed to elicit a serum antibody response to this molecule, which is consistent with a carbohydrate antigenic epitope. We propose that this antigenic molecule be designated ET-GL1 to reflect its origin and probable structure (E. tenella glycolipid 1). Received: 30 June 1999 / Accepted: 2 December 1999     

34例鹿角形肾结石手术取石的疗效观察

目的探讨肾下极肾盂肾盏联合切开术治疗复杂性鹿角形肾结石的疗效。方法回顾性分析采用肾下极肾盂肾盏联合切开术式治疗复杂性鹿角形肾结石34例临床资料。手术方法:分离肾窦内肾盂后,用1-0肠线在肾后唇中下1/3连接处紧贴肾盂肾盏表面缝合肾实质2针,中间尖刀切开肾实质,然后弧形切开肾盂及肾下盏,用神经剥离子将结石与肾盂肾盏粘膜粘连分离后,取石钳夹住结石轻轻撬出。盏颈狭窄者必要时先用气压弹道碎石器将其在分支处击断。4-0肠线缝合肾盂及肾下盏,再用2-0肠线间断全层缝合肾实质切口数针,包膜层用4-0肠线缝合。结果34例均一次性取净结石。术中平均出血量约90ml。术后无大出血病例。结论肾下极背侧肾实质与肾盂联合切开取石术具有术中出血少,无须阻断肾蒂,肾功能受损轻,便于一次取尽结石等优点。适合于肾窦内肾盂特别是肾下盏盏颈相对狭窄的复杂性鹿角形肾结石的治疗。     

NOD小鼠胸腺细胞TCR介导的信号通路缺陷

目的 进一步研究NOD小鼠T细胞应答改变机理。方法 用抗TCR抗体、ConA激活NOD小鼠胸腺细胞，分析TCR介导的信号通路的水平。结果 与Balb／c小鼠胸腺细胞相比，抗TCR抗体诱导的增殖应答较弱，与年龄及NOD胸腺CD4^ CD8^-和CD4^-CD8^ SP细胞有关；rIL-2能部分恢复对TCR抗体应答的缺乏。NOD小鼠对PMA IONO和PMA anti—TCR-mAb应答正常，但对anti-TCRmAb IONO应答缺乏。结论 与年龄有关的NOD小鼠胸腺细胞对TCR抗体应答的缺乏与T细胞激活时上游PKC信号通路的缺乏有关。     

三氧化二锑诱导急性早幼粒细胞白血病细胞凋亡的研究

目的 研究锑剂三氧化二锑（Sb2O3)对早幼粒细胞白血病细胞株NB4凋亡的诱导作用，以寻求早幼粒细胞白血病治疗的新方法。方法 采用细胞生长曲线，形态学及硝基四氮唑蓝（NBT）还原试验，判定NB4细胞的生长，分化及功能。采用细胞周期分析和DNA电泳研究细胞凋亡。结果 Sb2O3能诱导早幼粒白血病细胞凋亡，且具有时间，剂量依赖性。结论 Sb2O3能有效地诱导早幼粒白血病细胞凋亡，提示锑剂诱导细胞半亡的疗法，有望成为临床治疗早幼粒细胞白血病的新方法。