山东济宁某医院门诊患者幽门螺杆菌感染检测分析

目的探讨分析山东济宁地区自然人群幽门螺杆菌的流行病学特征,为防治提供参考。方法于2012-05/2013-05采集山东济宁市第一人民医院胃镜室就诊患者580例,采用14C-UBT检测法与血清幽门螺杆菌Ig G抗体ELISA法对所有研究对象的幽门螺杆菌感染情况进行检测,并结合相关问卷调查,分析其流行病学特征。结果该医院门诊患者幽门螺杆菌总感染率45.2%,其中男性感染率59.5%,女性感染率40.5%,不同性别感染幽门螺杆菌感染阳性率差异比较无统计学意义(P0.05);各年龄段幽门螺杆菌的感染率从31.4%~53.1%不等,农民、商人及工人幽门螺杆菌感染率分别为78.6%、70.7%、68.8%,高于其他职业,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),但各年龄段间幽门螺杆菌感染率的差异比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。幽门螺杆菌感染与吸烟、饮酒、家庭收入无关,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05),与个人饮食卫生习惯、家庭教育程度及职业有关,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论山东济宁市某医院门诊患者幽门螺杆菌总感染率较高,其感染率与职业、个人及家庭生活习惯等有关。     

新型四腔水箱在腹外科腔镜电凝线清洗消毒中的应用研究

摘要〓目的〓研究四腔水箱在腹外科腔镜电凝线擦拭法清洗消毒中的应用效果。方法〓通过目测法和ATP生物荧光法,对本研究的四腔水箱用于腹外科腔镜电凝线的清洗效果进行评价。结果〓传统治疗碗清洗的206件腔镜电凝线清洗质量合格率为86.4%,四腔水箱清洗的206件腹腔镜电凝线清洗质量合格率为94.6%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。用四腔水箱清洗腔镜电凝线擦拭过程中的护理人员满意度较高。结论〓四腔水箱可提高腹外科腔镜电凝线清洗质量和护理人员满意度。     

基于剂量组学预测肺癌患者放射性肺炎发生的研究

目的 探讨剂量组学在预测肺癌根治性放疗患者放射性肺炎发生中的应用潜能。方法 回顾性收集行根治性放疗的314例肺癌患者的临床资料、放疗剂量文件、定位及随访CT图像,根据临床资料及影像学随访资料对放射性肺炎进行分级,提取全肺的剂量组学特征,构建机器学习模型。应用1000次自助抽样法（bootstrap）的最小绝对值收敛和选择算子嵌套逻辑回归（LASSO‐LR）及1000次bootstrap的赤池信息量准则（AIC）向后法筛选与放射性肺炎相关的剂量组学特征,随机按照7∶3划分为训练集及验证集,应用逻辑回归建立预测模型,并应用ROC曲线及校正曲线评价模型的性能。结果 共提取120个剂量组学特征,经LASSO‐LR降维筛选得到12个特征进入“特征池”,再经过AIC向后法筛选,最终筛选出6个剂量组学特征进行模型构建,训练集AUC为0.77（95%CI为0.65~0.87）,独立验证集AUC为0.72（95%CI为0.64~0.81）。结论 利用剂量组学建立的预测模型具有预测放射性肺炎发生的潜力,但仍需继续纳入多中心数据及前瞻性数据进一步挖掘剂量组学的应用潜能。     

狼疮抗凝物检测在静脉血栓栓塞症中的应用进展

狼疮抗凝物是发生静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素之一,在静脉血栓栓塞症患者中检测狼疮抗凝物,对治疗方案抉择和疗效预后判断等方面具有重要意义。目前尚无相关文献对狼疮抗凝物检测在静脉血栓栓塞症中的应用进展进行分析总结,为加深对此类患者的认识,更好地帮助临床医生对此类患者进行合理的诊治和管理,现就有关流行病学、检测注意事项及检测结果在静脉血栓栓塞症中的价值和相关治疗进行综述。     

Patient-Reported Quality of Life Before and After Chemoradiation for Intact Pancreas Cancer: A Prospective Registry Study

PurposeOur purpose was to determine the effect of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on patient-reported quality of life (QOL) for patients with intact pancreas cancer.Methods and MaterialsWe reviewed a prospective QOL registry for patients with intact, clinically localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with CRT between June 2015 and November 2018. QOL was assessed pre-CRT (immediately before CRT, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and at the completion of CRT with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) and its component parts: FACT-General (FACT-G) and hepatobiliary cancer subscore (HCS). A minimally important difference from pre-CRT was defined as ≥ 6, 5, and 8 points for FACT-G, HCS, and FACT-Hep, respectively.ResultsOf 157 patients who underwent CRT, 100 completed both pre- and post-CRT surveys and were included in the primary analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 65 years (range, 23-90). National Comprehensive Cancer Network resectability status was resectable (3%), borderline resectable (40%), or locally advanced (57%). Folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) (75%) or gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (42%) were given for a median of 6 cycles (range, 0-42) before CRT. Radiation therapy techniques included 3-dimensional conformal (22%), intensity modulated photon (55%), and intensity modulated proton (23%) radiation therapy to a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 36-62.5). Concurrent chemotherapy was most commonly capecitabine (82%). Sixty-three patients (63%) had surgery after CRT. The mean decline in FACT-G, HCS subscale, and FACT-Hep from pre- to post-CRT was 3.5 (standard deviation [SD], 13.7), 1.7 (SD 7.8), and 5.2 (SD 19.4), respectively. Each of these changes were statistically significant, but did not meet the minimally important difference threshold. Pancreatic head tumor location was associated with decline in FACT-Hep. Nausea was the toxicity with the greatest increase from pre- to post-CRT by both physician-assessment and patient-reported QOL.ConclusionsFor patients with intact pancreatic adenocarcinoma, modern CRT is well tolerated with minimal decline in QOL during treatment.     

Clinical analysis of high-intensity focussed ultrasound ablation for abdominal wall endometriosis: a 4-year experience at a specialty gynecological institution

Objective: To evaluate the long-term clinical effect of high-intensity focussed ultrasound (HIFU) as a non-invasive modality for ablation of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE) foci.

Methods: All women who were diagnosed with cutaneous endometriosis and underwent HIFU ablation and 4-year follow-up were included. Patient symptoms, imaging performed, HIFU ablation, recurrence, lesion location, size and number were collected and analyzed.

Results: A total of 51 women with 57 painful abdominal wall masses with a median volume of 4.00?cm³ and a mean age of 30.5±2.12 years were treated with HIFU. The main symptoms were a palpable painful abdominal mass (93%), protrusion of the skin (28.1%, 16) or lack of protrusion of the skin (71.9%, 41). Ultrasound was initially performed in 100% (51) of women, whereas 6% (3) required MRI examinations to distinguish the features and range of the masses. Ablation was performed with a median 300?s of sonication time, 40?min treatment time, 150?W of power and 41800?J of total energy to treat lesions that were a median volume of 3.83?cm³. No severe complications occurred, except in one patient with a first-degree skin burn, during the 48-month follow-up period. The pooled recurrence of cutaneous endometriosis occurred in 3.9% (2) of women.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of AWE should be confirmed with imaging of the lesion number, location, size and features before HIFU ablation. HIFU should be the first choice for the treatment of AWE as it is a non-invasive method, with high efficiency and safety and rapid postoperative recovery.