自我干预强化点检表对前列腺手术患者自护能力与心理韧性及并发症的影响

目的：自我干预强化点检表对前列腺手术患者自护能力与心理韧性及并发症的影响。方法：选取2019年5月～2021年6月在我院126例前列腺手术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(予以常规护理干预)与观察组(在常规护理干预的基础上予以自我干预强化点检表),各63例,对比自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)、心理韧性量表;观察并发症(尿路感染、尿道狭窄、尿潴留、尿失禁、尿频)。结果：入院时,两组患者 ESCA评分、心理韧性评分(坚韧、乐观、自强)比较差异无统计学意义;出院后3个月,观察组的ESCA评分、心理韧性评分(坚韧、乐观、自强)高于对照组。观察组患者的并发症总发生率低于对照组。结论：自我干预强化点检表有利于提高前列腺手术患者的自护能力与心理韧性,以及降低并发症发生率。     

Accelerated-strategy renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effect and safety of accelerated-strategy initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in critically ill patients.Methods:PubMed, Embase, OVID, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant articles from inception to December 30, 2020. Only RCTs that compared the clinical efficacy and safety between accelerated-strategy RRT and standard-strategy RRT among critically ill adult patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) were included. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality.Results:A total of 5279 patients in 12 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. The 28-day mortality rates of patients treated with accelerated and standard RRT were 37.3% (969/2596) and 37.9% (976/2573), respectively. No significant difference was observed between the groups (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.70–1.12; I² = 60%). The recovery rates of renal function were 54.5% and 52.5% in the accelerated- and standard-RRT groups, respectively, with no significant difference (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.89–1.19; I² = 56%). The rate of RRT dependency was similar in the accelerated- and standard-RRT strategies (6.7% vs 5.0%; OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.71–1.72; I² = 20%). The accelerated-RRT group displayed higher risks of hypotension, catheter-related infection, and hypophosphatemia than the standard-RRT group (hypotension: OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.10–1.45; I² = 36%; catheter-related infection: OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.17–3.09; I² = 0%; hypophosphatemia: OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.43–3.15; I² = 67%).Conclusions:Accelerated RRT does not reduce the risk of death and does not improve the recovery of kidney function among critically ill patients with AKI. In contrast, an increased risk of adverse events was observed in patients receiving accelerated RRT. However, these findings were based on low quality of evidence. Further large-scale RCTs is warranted.     

灯盏乙素抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

灯盏乙素是从菊科植物短莛飞蓬Erigeron breviscapus（灯盏花）中提取得到的黄酮类化合物。作为其最主要的有效成分,灯盏乙素具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗纤维化、抗胆固醇血症、抗心肌梗死等药理活性。近年来,其抗肿瘤作用被逐渐发现并受到广泛关注。研究发现灯盏乙素能显著抑制非小细胞肺癌、结直肠癌、肝癌、黑色素瘤、骨髓瘤、宫颈癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌等癌症的发生发展。其抗肿瘤作用机制包括抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、阻碍肿瘤侵袭和迁移、减轻肿瘤炎症反应、增强抗肿瘤药物敏感性等多个方面,在抗肿瘤治疗领域具有巨大开发潜力。结合文献,针对灯盏乙素抗肿瘤作用机制进行综述,以期为进一步的研究和应用提供参考。     

GO/iron series systems enhancing the pH shock resistance of anaerobic systems for sulfate-containing organic wastewater treatment

In this study, the effect of pH shock during the treatment of sulfate-containing organic wastewater was investigated using an anaerobic fermentation system reinforced with graphene oxide (GO)/iron series systems. The results show that the anaerobic system with the GO/iron series systems exhibited enhanced resistance to pH shock. Among them, the GO/Fe⁰ system had the strongest resistance to pH shock, the systems of GO/Fe₃O₄ and GO/Fe₂O₃ followed close behind, while the blank system performed the worst. After pH shock, the COD_Cr removal rate, SO₄²⁻ removal rate, and gas production of the GO/Fe⁰ group were significantly improved compared with those of the control group by 51.0%, 65.3%, and 34.6%, respectively, while the accumulation of propionic acid was the lowest. Further, detailed microbial characterization revealed that the introduction of the GO/iron series systems was beneficial to the formation of more stable anaerobic co-metabolic flora in the system, and the relative abundance of Geobacter, Clostridium, Desulfobulbus and Desulfovibrio increased after acidic and alkaline shock.

In this paper, we studied the pH shock resistance mechanism of GO/iron series from the perspectives of the treatment effect, changes in effluent pH and VFA, and microbial co-metabolic stability, providing a reference for the practical application.     

The Potential Roles of Dietary Anthocyanins in Inhibiting Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence and Preventing Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Increasingly more evidence has shown that the senescence of vascular endothelial cells is the key to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Anthocyanin is a type of water-soluble polyphenol pigment and secondary metabolite of plant-based food widely existing in fruits and vegetables. The gut microbiome is involved in the metabolism of anthocyanins and mediates the biological activities of anthocyanins and their metabolites, while anthocyanins also regulate the growth of specific bacteria in the microbiota and promote the proliferation of healthy anaerobic flora. Accumulating studies have shown that anthocyanins have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging effects. Many animal and in vitro experiments have also proven that anthocyanins have protective effects on cardiovascular-disease-related dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin in eliminating aging endothelial cells and preventing cardiovascular diseases is very complex and is not fully understood. In this systematic review, we summarize the metabolism and activities of anthocyanins, as well as their effects on scavenging senescent cells and cardioprotection.     

翼管在内镜经鼻颅底手术中的标志作用

目的通过影像学和解剖学方法进行研究以明确翼管在鼻内镜经鼻颅底手术中的价值并为临床提供参考。方法选23具尸头行冠状位及轴位高分辨CT扫描,观察翼管及其与周围结构的关系,并测量相关距离。选其中3具经过动脉灌注的尸头,分别采用经上颌窦、经鼻至翼腭窝-海绵窦入路进行鼻内镜下的解剖学研究。结果高分辨CT能够清晰显示翼管形态、走行及其与周围结构的关系。所有翼管均位于颈内动脉管水平段或其以下层面。鼻内镜解剖与相应的影像学提示相同,翼管内容恒定地指向颈内动脉前膝;翼管和圆孔之间的距离标定了一个手术门户。结论翼管是内镜经鼻颅底手术的一个重要解剖标志,作为骨性管道,高分辨CT可以清晰显示翼管。     

脂蛋白脂酶活化剂NO-1886抑制糖尿病兔动脉粥样硬化的形成

目的　合成化合物NO 1886 ,一种脂蛋白脂酶活化观察脂蛋白脂酶活化剂是否降低高脂 /高蔗糖饲料诱发的糖尿病新西兰兔的血浆葡萄糖并减轻其动脉粥样硬化。方法　给予高脂 /高蔗糖饲料升高新西兰兔血浆总胆固醇 ,甘油三酯和葡萄糖及降低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇而导致动脉粥样硬化。饲料中加入 1 0 %NO 1886进行治疗观察。分别在 0、4、8、12、16、2 0及 2 4wk从禁食过夜的兔耳静脉抽取血样测定葡萄糖和脂质水平。第 2 4周末 ,处死动物 ,分离主动脉 ,经苏丹Ⅳ染色固定脂质后 ,计算脂纹病变面积。结果　应用NO 1886后 ,实验动物血浆葡萄糖 ,总胆固醇和甘油三酯降低 ,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇增加。对动脉粥样硬化的发展具有抑制作用。结论　NO 1886不仅可改善脂质紊乱 ,而且可降低血浆葡萄糖 ,减轻糖尿病兔动脉粥样硬化     

Effects of organophosphorus pesticides and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication in rat liver cell line.

The effects of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs), oxons and their ozonation byproducts on gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on cultured BRL cell line were investigated using scrape loading and dye transfer (SL/DT) technique. The neutral red uptake assay was used to identify the non-cytotoxic levels of diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion applied to GJIC assay. The concentration-dependent inhibition of GJIC was observed over a range of 50-350 mg/l diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion after 90 min incubation compared with the vehicle control. However, oxons and ozonation byproducts of OPs had no inhibition effect on GJIC at any of the concentrations tested. The inhibition of GJIC by OPs was reversible after removal of the tested pesticides followed by incubation with fresh medium. The present study suggested that the ozonation treatment could be used for the detoxification of drinking water and food crops contaminated with diazinon, parathion and methyl-parathion without formation of GJIC toxicity.     

阿莫西林颗粒治疗小儿感染性疾病1983例

目的:评价阿莫西林颗粒(再林)对小儿感染性疾病的疗效及安全性.方法:采用随机对照开放试验,试验组1 983例,口服阿莫西林颗粒40～80mg·kg-1,tid;对照组693例,口服头孢拉定干混悬剂6.25～12.5mg·kg-1,tid,疗程7～14d.结果:试验组痊愈率和总有效率分别为69.49%和91.88%,优于对照组的35.93%和60.46%(P＜0.05);细菌清除率试验组96.67%,对照组83.33%,2组比较差异有极显著性(P＜0.01);不良反应发生率试验组1.46%,对照组4.91%,差异有极显著性(P＜0.01).结论:阿莫西林颗粒治疗儿科感染性疾病疗效较好,在服药前需详细询问青霉素及其他药物过敏史,首剂应在医护人员密切观察下服药.     

淀粉对转移因子胶囊质量控制方法的影响

目的考查淀粉对转移因子胶囊在251与280nm波长处的吸光度的比值(纯度检查)的影响。方法选取不同的淀粉并对比2种不同的样品处理方法对测定结果的影响。结果淀粉的存在确实能使转移因子胶囊在251与280nm波长处的吸光度的比值降低,且造成结果不稳定。结论测定含淀粉转移因子胶囊的样品时,宜先将样品制成较高质量浓度,滤去不溶或微溶辅料后,稀释至适宜的质量浓度测定,以尽可能减少辅料的干扰。