VEGF-C和VEGF-D蛋白表达在胰腺癌淋巴转移中的意义

目的探讨胰腺癌中VEGF-C、VEGF-D蛋白表达与淋巴结转移之间的相关关系,阐明癌周淋巴管增生在胰腺癌淋巴转移中的作用及意义。方法免疫组化检测30例胰腺癌组织中VEGF-C、VEGF-D的表达及其与临床病理、淋巴结转移的关系。结果胰腺癌VEGF-C、VEGF-D蛋白表达阳性率分别为73%(22/30)、57%(17/30),肿瘤周边部位显著高于肿瘤中心部位,其表达与肿瘤的部位、分化程度、组织学类型无关,与肿瘤的TNM分期有关,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期显著高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期。在VEGF-C、VEGF-D蛋白阳性组,淋巴结转移均显著增多。结论VEGF-C和VEGF-D与诱导胰腺癌淋巴管生成,促进肿瘤细胞淋巴道转移有关。     

白内障扶贫复明手术探讨

目的：探讨山区白内障扶贫复明手术。方法：采用改良现代白内障囊外摘出术或小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除术，对2675只眼白内障施行复明手术。结果：术后第一天矫正视力0．3者57只眼(2．13％)，0．5～0．8者1829只眼(68．37％)，≥0．9者509只眼(19．03％)。角膜水肿71只眼(2.65％)，后囊膜破裂致玻璃体脱出87只眼(3．25％)，全部均可同时植入人工晶体。结论：采用改良的白内障摘除手术，做到开源节流，既能使更多的贫困患者接受复明手术，又保证了手术质量。     

支气管扩张症1例

患儿,男,12岁,以反复咳嗽、咯痰5年、加重2个月为主诉入院。5年前开始反复咳嗽,咯黄痰,每年至少发作4次,每次持续10~20 d。近2个月病情明显加重,无咯血,盗汗较重,体质量无减轻,无结核接触史。查体:神清,呼吸平稳,营养中等,咽充血,扁桃体Ⅰ度大。双肺底可闻及密集吸气末中小湿音,以左肺底为主。血白细胞17.4×109/L,中性粒细胞0.84,红细胞5.0×1012/L,血红蛋白151 g/L,血沉53 mm/1 h,降钙素原1.56 ng/L,C-反应蛋白67.4 mg/L。病原学检查:肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、合胞病毒、流感病毒、副流感病毒、柯萨奇病毒、埃可病毒、腮腺炎病…     

穿透性角膜移植术后角膜内皮细胞之命运

地２组猴行５。５→５．０ｍｍ穿透性角膜移植术，异种组４只，同种组４只，术前用冷冻创伤＾３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ标记法标记受生角膜内皮细胞，术后１４周摘除眼球，用放射自显影法显示银颗粒的分布。     

抑癌基因P16在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的　探讨抑癌基因P16蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达。方法　采用S -P放射免疫法检测 3 2例膀胱移行细胞癌、10例正常膀胱粘膜中P16蛋白的表达。结果　 3 2例膀胱移行细胞癌中 ,P16蛋白表达总阳性率为 40 .63 % ;在膀胱移行细胞癌Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级中分别为 63 .64 %、3 3 .3 3 %、2 5 .0 0 %。P16蛋白表达的阳性率随病理分级增高而降低 ,Ⅰ级与Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级比较差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　P16蛋白检测有助于对膀胱移行细胞癌的诊断 ;P16蛋白的缺失与膀胱移行细胞癌的发生、发展和预后有关。     

思维的非演绎方法在歌唱中的运用

从非演绎方法入手,从分析与综合、归纳与概括、类比与联想三个方面联系歌唱的思维过程,论述非演绎思维方法在歌唱过程中的运用。思维的非演绎方法贯穿于歌唱的全过程,它们之间存在着紧密的联系。掌握思维的非演绎方法对于歌唱水平的提高有积极的促进作用。     

Application of trans-abdominal chorionic villus sampling in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal diseases in first trimester of gestation

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of prenatal diagnosis by traneabdominal chorionic villus sam-pling(TA-CVS)via the guidance of B-mode ultrasound in the first trimester of gestation.To explore the technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi in early pregnancy.To evaluate the feasibility of the above techniques in the application of the prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five singleton pregnancies at risk were referred from January 2001 to Decem-ber 2007.Results:The average maternal age was 35.2 years.TA-CVS was performed in the 10～13th weeks of gestation and the average gestational age was 10.89 weeks.All attempts at sampling were successful.The rate of operation-associated fetal loss was 0.74%.The failure rate of prenatal diagnosis because of inadequate amount of specimen was 0.The average culture time was 5-7 days.The success rate of the cell culture was 98.5%.No maternal con-temination and bacterial contamination happened.Fifteen cases of abnormal karyotype and one case of confined pla-cantel mosaiciem were diagnosed.Conclusion:TA-CVS appears to be safe and feasible and might to be offered in the prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester of gestation.The technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi is stable and reliable.It is feasible to apply these techniques in the clinical practice of prenatal cytogenetic diagnose in the early pregnancy.     

Emergency endovascular repair of iliac artery rupture caused by post-stenting angioplasty with an endograft

I liac artery rupture is a rare complication of post-stenting angioplasty and can lead to massive life-threatening haemorrhage. Conventional surgery can not repair the damaged vessel easily and may cause substantial blood loss and high operative morbidity and mortality. We report our experience with a self-expanding covered endoprosthesis for endovascular repair of the rupture of an iliac artery caused by stenting angioplasty.     

输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石（附32例报告）

目的 总结输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石的临床效果。方法 回顾分析32例应用输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石患者资料。男10例，女22例；平均年龄29岁。结石位于输尿管下段24例，中段6例。上段2例。其中行原位体外冲击波碎石（ESWL）治疗后结石未能排出者8例。结果 碎石成功率90．6％（29／32）。2例因输尿管异常置镜失败，转开放性手术；1例输尿管穿孔后留置双J管，择期行ESWL治疗成功。B超显示肾积水较术前减轻或消失，KUB、IVP未发现输尿管狭窄。结论 输尿管镜气压弹道碎石治疗输尿管结石创伤小、成功率高、并发症少。