肾移植组织配型管理软件的研究与开发思路

目的 开发肾移植组织配型管理软件并观察其临床实用性。方法 参考氨基酸残基配型及致敏性错配制定配型标准，采用Powerbuild系统编制同种异体肾移植组织配型管理软件，观察肾移植术前快速组织配型分析的可行性。结果 从筛选最佳供受者到列表打印结果仅需数分钟，历史数据可查询，界面简单，结果准确、可靠。配型标准可自行更改。结论 经国内8家移植中心使用，证明该软件设计科学合理，操作简便，运行稳定，实用性强，具有一定的推广价值。     

米非司酮在子宫黏膜下肌瘤宫腔镜术前的应用价值

目的：研究米非司酮（Ru486）在子宫黏膜下肌瘤宫腔镜术前的应用价值。方法：67例患者分两组。Ⅰ组31例服用Ru4863个月后实施经宫颈子宫肌瘤切除术（TCRM）．Ⅱ组36例直接行TCRM治疗。观察Ⅰ组Ru486治疗后不同时间肌瘤大小及血红蛋白变化；两组手术时间及术中出血量比较；子宫肌瘤大小与手术时间、术中出血量的相关性。结果：Ⅰ组治疗后1个月肌瘤较治疗前无明显缩小．治疗后两个月及3个月与治疗前比较肌瘤明显缩小，差异显著，P〈0．01；治疗后血红蛋白增高明显．P〈0．01；两组间手术时间、术中出血量比较差异显著．P〈0．05；子宫肌瘤大小与手术时间覆术中出血量均呈正相关。结论：Ru486作为TCRM术前的药物治疗可有效地缩小子宫肌瘤，相时扩大手术适应证，减少术中出血量，缩短手术时间；Ru486导致药物性闭经，有利于术前纠正岔血。     

血脂康辛伐他汀治疗2型糖尿病并血脂异常

目的 比较血脂康与辛伐他汀治疗2型糖尿病（DM）并血脂异常的临床疗效。方法 2型DM并血脂异常患者89例，分A组（血脂康组）及B组（辛伐他汀组）分别测定两组患者服药前及服药后3个月的空腹血糖（FG）、餐后2h血糖（2hPG）、空腹胰岛素（Fins）、血胆固醇（TC）、甘油三脂（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—c）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）水平，并进行比较。结果 两组患者的血TC、TG、LDL—C都较服药前降低，HDL—C水平较服药前升高，差异有显著意义。A组空腹血糖、餐后血糖明显较服药前降低，差异有显著意义，B组空腹血糖、餐后血糖较服药前降低，但差异无显著意义。两组的胰岛素敏感指数（IAI）都较服药前提高，但A组较明显（P〈0．05），B组不明显（P〉0．05）。结论 血脂康与辛伐他汀都有明显的调节血脂作用，血脂康还有协助降糖及提高胰岛素敏感性作用。     

高等医药教育人才培养模式的内涵及其动因

探讨人才培养模式的基本内涵,对高等医药教育人才培养模式概念进行界定,并分析其基本特征和系统动因。     

RP-HPLC法测定比沙可啶片剂含量及有关物质

目的建立RP-HPLC法测定比沙可啶片剂含量及有关物质。方法色谱柱为Hypersil ODS C18(300mm×4mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(45∶55)为流动相,流速为1.0mL/min,进样量为10μL,检测波长为265nm。结果比沙可啶浓度在0.115～1.150g/L范围内,色谱峰面积与浓度线性关系良好,r=0.9999;线性范围内3个浓度的平均回收率(n=3)分别为99.2%(RSD=0.68%)、99.3%(RSD=0.21%)和99.1%(RSD=0.87%)。样品中有关物质检查符合质量要求。结论该方法简便、快速、准确、重现性好,可用于比沙可啶片剂的含量测定和有关物质检查。     

Pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid are altered, but recover at different times during hepatic regeneration in rats.

Hepatic regeneration is very critical to the success of living donor liver transplantation, which allows a reduced size liver to grow in size to accommodate the requirements of both the donor and the recipient. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 1) the hepatic metabolism of the two immunosuppressive drugs, tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (MPA), and 2) the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid at various time points after initiation of hepatic regeneration by partial hepatectomy in rats. The hepatic intrinsic clearance of tacrolimus was decreased to 70% and 51% of the control level at the 24th h and the 6th day, respectively, but returned to normal level by day 14. The total body clearance of tacrolimus was reduced transiently but recovered completely by day 18. The hepatic intrinsic clearance of MPA was decreased to 52% and 51% of that in control rats at the 24th h and the 6th day, respectively, but recovered to normal level by day 14. The total body clearance of MPA was reduced at the 24th h but recovered by day 6. The magnitude of reduction in the clearance of tacrolimus and MPA was much smaller than what was predicted from in vitro data. The elimination clearance of MPA glucuronide was also impaired during hepatic regeneration but recovered to normal level with time. In conclusion, the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid were altered during hepatic regeneration but recovered completely at different rates over time. Caution must be exercised in extrapolating in vitro data to in vivo conditions during hepatic regeneration.     

针刺大肠俞治疗急性腰扭伤32例

急性腰扭伤俗称"闪腰岔气",是常见的腰部伤筋疾患.临床表现为突然腰痛,屈身及侧身活动受限,多由闪仆或姿势不当,导致腰骶部肌肉、肌腱、韧带、筋膜等软组织损伤,甚则使骶髂关节、椎间小关节错位或滑膜嵌顿,多发于青壮年及体力劳动者.笔者于1996年10月～2004年10月期间,运用大肠俞针刺疗法治疗本病32例,收到良好疗效,现报道如下.     

CD44分子对胃癌细胞腹膜种植影响的体外实验研究

目的体外研究CD44分子对胃癌细胞(MKN45)腹膜种植转移的影响.方法在体外预先将抗CD44S抗体与MKN45细胞在细胞培养箱中作用45 min,然后在24孔培养板或Boyden小室中与生长良好的间皮细胞共同培养不同时间,在显微镜下直接计数与间皮细胞粘附的MKN45细胞,而用MTT法评估胃癌细胞在间皮细胞间的迁移和侵袭情况.结果在体外,抗CD44S抗体对MKN45细胞与间皮细胞间的粘附有明显的抑制作用(P＜0.01),在高浓度时对迁移和侵袭也有一定的抑制作用.结论CD44分子参与了胃癌细胞腹膜种植转移过程,抗CD44S抗体对胃癌细胞腹膜种植转移有一定的抑制作用.     

Smad4和Smad7在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及意义

目的探讨Smad4和Smad7在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及意义.方法采用免疫组化方法,对临床经过石蜡包埋的30例胶质瘤和8例正常脑组织标本进行定位和定性检测.结果 Smad4 和 Smad7蛋白在胶质瘤中有不同程度的表达,在正常脑组织、低、高级别胶质瘤中Smad4的阳性表达分别为44.80±16.19,25.81±9.48,6.73±3.71,P<0.05.Smad7的阳性表达分别为6.69±3.86,18.22±7.84,41.95±17.27,P<0.05.差别均有显著意义.且Smad4与Smad7的表达水平呈负相关,r＝-0.82,P<0.01.结论 Smad4随胶质瘤的病理分级增高阳性表达降低,对胶质瘤的进展有抑制作用.Smad7则相反,可能参与了胶质瘤的恶性进展.     

Enhanced accuracy of needle placement in horizontal stereotactic core biopsy by a plastic slot

Horizontal stereotactic core biopsy can be used in the investigation of clinically occult mammographic abnormalities especially when breast thickness is less than 3 cm. We designed a 6-mm plastic slot that can be inserted between the bushing and the biopsy gun to enhance the accuracy of needle placement within the lesion. With this device, the centre of the lesion can be targeted at the centre of the biopsy trough. We advocate the use of this piece of small, simple and inexpensive instrument in every case of horizontal stereotactic core biopsy.