磷酸三苯酯对三醋酸纤维素水解产物取代度的影响

研究了增塑剂磷酸三苯酯(TPP)含量、含水量、催化剂的比例以及水解时间对三醋酸纤维素(CTA)水解产物取代度(DS)的影响。结果表明:加入TPP将降低CTA水解的效率,延长水解时间至6 h、提高H2O/CTA比例以及增大催化剂的浓度可以降低TPP带来的低效影响;当催化剂的质量分数达到0.15时,将给水解带来一定的副反应。     

动脉支架放置术前白细胞计数与锁骨下动脉支架远期通畅率的观察

Objective To study relationship between preprocedural white blood cell count(WBC) and long-term patency of stent implanted in the subelavian artery.Methods Data of 113 cases with stents implanted in the atherosclerotic SUbclavian arteries in Anzhen Hospital,Beijing during January 2005 to January 2008 were analyzed.Student t-test was used to compare the difierence in WBC count between those with patency and those with stenosis after the procedure and chi-square test was used to compare the difference in stent pateney between those with higher and lower WBC counts.Results There Was significant difference in WBC counts between 102 cases with patency and 11 cases with stenosis of the stents after implantation(t=-5.051.P<0.001).Percentage of patency ofthe stents in 36 cases witll higher WBC count(>7.195×109/L)was significantly higher than that in 77 cases with lower WBC count(≤7.195× 109/L)before the procedure(P=0.001).Among 113 cases with stents implanted,109 cases(96.5%) could keep their stents patent one year after implantation,and 60 cases(89.6%)could keep stents patent three yeats after implantation.Conclusions In addition to those traditional factors associated with long-term patency of stents after their implantation,inereased WBC count alSO associated with stenosis or occlusion of the stents after the procedure.     

经腹行改良Heller手术治疗贲门失弛缓症64例

目的 总结经腹改良Heller手术和附加抗反流装置治疗贲门失弛缓症的手术经验及疗效。方法 全组采集我院1986～2006年病例64例。行单纯改良Heller手术（以下简称单纯组）16例，行改良Heller手术并附加抗反流装置（以下简称抗反流组）48例。结果 全组病例无食管及胃黏膜破裂，术后除单纯组发生反流性食管炎7例，症状改善不明显1例外，其余患者均症状改善，体重增加，抗反流组无反流性食管炎发生。结论 经腹改良Heller手术附加抗反流装置治疗贲门失弛缓症，手术操作简单易行，创伤小，并发症少，可有效预防术后反流性食管炎、黏膜微小损伤及瘘的发生，手术疗效满意。     

乳腺叶状囊肉瘤（叶状肿瘤）的组织发生与组织分化

目的探讨乳腺叶状囊肉瘤的病理形态、组织发生和命名。方法回顾性从1953～1999年间11所医院70多万份外检资料中，筛选出62例，进行免疫组化观察。结果发病年龄13～66岁（平均38岁），病程1周～20年（平均42个月）。肿瘤的恶性间叶成分的组织分化呈多样性。免疫组化观察的51例叶状囊肉瘤、8例巨大纤维瘤、5例纤维腺瘤中Vim标记均阳性，51例叶状囊肉瘤中、Act、S-100、lys、Des分别有28、19、3、1例阳性，8例的巨大纤维腺瘤中仅Act阳性1例。结论免疫组化标记对于鉴别肿瘤的良、恶性有意义，P〈0．05，尤其二种以上标记阳性时具有显著意义，P〈0．01。发现28例叶状囊肉瘤具有肌纤维性质，其中11例明显起源与肌上皮细胞有关。全部肿瘤镜下均无包膜.肿瘤的恶性间叶成分对于瘤内和瘤外正常乳腺腺上皮成分呈特殊的浸润方式。如将叶状囊肉瘤称为腺肌纤维肉瘤则能覆盖96．07％的病例（49／51例）。叶状囊肉瘤实质上是一种起源于腺管周多能性纤维和肌上皮细胞，具有腺上皮、平滑肌和纤维组织等多向分化的肿瘤。     

异丁烯在强酸性阳离子交换树脂上的齐聚动力学

以强酸性阳离子交换树脂为催化剂,对异丁烯齐聚反应动力学进行了研究。首先通过机理分析建立了齐聚反应动力学模型。用高斯-牛顿法,根据实验数据进行参数估算,得到了相应的动力学模型参数,经统计检验表明,动力学模型是适当的,而齐聚反应液中各组分浓度与时间的关系曲线则显示异丁烯的齐聚具有一级串联不可逆反应的特征。异丁烯二聚和三聚的速率方程分别为-dcIB/dt=2kIBcIB,dcDIB/dt=kIBcDIB-kDIBcDIB,反应速率常数kIB=3.08×106exp(-54 520/RT),kDIB=3.10×103exp(-36 670/RT)。     

异亮氨酸对他克莫司发酵的影响

研究了前体氨基酸对发酵合成他克莫司的影响,结果显示:在发酵初期添加2.5 g/L的异亮氨酸(Ile),他克莫司产量提高约59%。有机酸分析和丙酰CoA合成酶与丙酰激酶活性测定的结果显示:异亮氨酸的加入显著增加了丙酸(Pro)的浓度,在产物合成期丙酰CoA合成酶的最大酶活提高到600 U/g。由此表明该前体氨基酸促进他克莫司发酵合成的原因可能是其促进了丙酰CoA等前体物质的合成,从而增进了内酯环的形成。     

外伤性脑梗死患者血清新喋呤的变化

目的:探讨血清新喋呤检测在外伤性脑梗死(TCI)患者中的预警价值.方法:TCI患者90例,根据疾病的GCS评分高低分为A组(25例)、B组(32例)、C组(33例)和正常对照组(26例).所有患者于发病入院后次日清晨及随后不同时间点空腹静脉采血,分离血清测定新喋呤含量,同时监测患者生命体征、血气分析等其他生化指标的改变,并记录GCS评分.结果:TCI患者血清新喋呤水平与对照组比较差异有统计学意义,而A组患者显著高于对照组(P＜0.01)及B组、C组患者(P＜0.05),B组、C组与对照组之间血清新喋呤水平差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),与病情危重程度有关.TCI患者血清新喋呤水平与时间关系有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:TCI患者血清新喋呤水平升高,并与疾病的严重程度呈正相关;检测TCI患者血清新喋呤水平有助于判断病情轻重及预后,对早期采取措施、改善预后有重要预警意义.     

婴儿期心内直视术45例分析

随着心脏手术技巧和体外循环技术的不断提高 ,婴儿期心脏手术日益增多。笔者于 1997年 1月～ 2 0 0 0年 12月共进行了 45例婴儿心内直视手术 ,效果满意。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　本组男性 34例 ,女性 11例 ,年龄 7.1± 3.2月 (2 4天～ 12月 ) ,体重 6 .8± 2 .3kg(3.5～ 8.5 kg)。病种 :继发孔房间隔缺损 (ASD)并动脉导管未闭 (PDA) 1例 ;室间隔缺损 (VSD) 33例 ,其中合并 ASD2例 ,PDA4例 ;法洛三联症 2例 ;法洛四联症 (TOF) 5例 ,其中合并肺动脉瓣闭锁(PA) 2例、PDA 4例 ;先天性二尖瓣关闭不全 1例 ;部分型心内膜垫缺损 (ECD…     

腹膜透析与血液透析治疗急性肾功能衰竭的比较

目的评价腹膜透析(PD)治疗急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的疗效及适应征.方法66例急性肾衰患者分为两组,腹透组24例,血透组42例,比较两组患者的临床资料、治疗方法和预后.结果腹透组和血透组少尿期持续时间分别为(23.1±14.4)天和(19.8±10.4)天(P＞0.05),病死率分别为25%和31%(P＞0.05),其中"高分解代谢"病死率分别为27.2%和25%(P＞0.05),腹透组和血透组肾功能完全恢复者分别为63%和64%(P＞0.05).结论腹膜透析是治疗急性肾功能衰竭的有效方法之一,且也适用于"高分解代谢"及有并发症的急性肾衰.     

The role of sexual related Y gene detection in the diagnosis of patients with gonadal dysgenesis

Objective To clarify the role of sexual related Y (SRY) gene detection in the diagnosis of gonadal dysgenesis.Methods Sixteen cases of gonadal dysgenesis were included in this study: 5 with androgen insensitivity syndrome, 1 with 17-α-hydroxylase deficiency, 4 with true herm aphrodite, 2 with 45,X/46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with 45,X gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with XY pure gonadal dysgenesis, 1 with testicular regression, and 1 XY fema le who gave birth to a normal baby. SRY gene was detected by using polymerase c hain reaction (PCR) in blood and gonad samples and by direct sequencing of the S RY motif. Results Among the 16 cases, 15 were blood SRY positive, among which 13 (86.7%) showed t he presence of testicular tissue, and 2 showed ovaries without testicular tissue . One SRY negative case showed the presence of testicular tissue. In 3 cases, SRY detection in gonadal tissue correlated with pathological findings but not wi th blood karyotype. The correlation between peripheral blood SRY and the pathol ogy of the gonads was 81.25% and the correlation between the presence of periph eral blood Y chromosome and pathology of the gonads was 68.75%. Sequencing of the SRY motif in an XY female who gave birth to a normal baby showed no mutatio n.Conclusions SRY detection is more sensitive and specific than blood karyotype in the predic tion of the presence of testicular tissue. Peripheral blood karyotype does not necessarily reflect gonadal type. There may be testicular related factors other than the SRY gene.