化疗后上肢静脉造影分析

自2003年以来，笔者对15例经PICC化疗及PVC患者的共19支上肢静脉进行造影检查。     

护理人员对预防病人难免性压疮的真实体验

目的：了解护理人员对预防病人压疮的真实感受和采取的应对方法。探讨管理措施,减轻护士压力,避免压疮的发生。方法：应用质性研究中的现象学研究法,对我院80名护理人员分组进行访谈。结果：对资料分析、分类整理,归纳4个结构概念：①心理压力过大;②家属和病人不协作;③渴望结合实际制定标准;④人力资源缺乏。结论：加强对压疮的认识,对难免压疮制定标准;评估危险因素,增强预防意识;合理调配护理人员,增加护理设备;加强护患沟通。     

炎症在视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿中的作用

视网膜静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿是造成患者视力下降及致盲的常见原因。研究表明,炎症机制在黄斑水肿的发生过程中发挥了重要作用。视网膜静脉阻塞发生后,局部损伤激活固有免疫活性细胞,合成和释放大量细胞因子,共同参与炎症反应,导致黄斑水肿发生。本文就视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿可能的炎症机制作一综述,以期为针对炎症的治疗提供理论依据。     

Cavernous Angiomas of the Cauda Equina: Clinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes

Cavernous angioma (CA) is a rare hamartomatous vascular lesion, consisting of abnormal, dilated, and packed sinusoidal vascular channels without interposed nervous tissue. CAs of the cauda equina are exceedingly rare and have been previously reported in the literature as case reports. The aim of this study was to discuss the clinical presentation and the outcomes of microsurgery for these rare lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 10 patients who underwent microsurgery for CAs of the cauda equina. All patients had performed pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CAs of the cauda equina generally exhibited mixed intensity on T₁- and T₂-weighted images. Contrast-enhanced T₁-weighted images showed heterogeneous enhancement. The hemosiderin ring which surrounded the cauda equina CA was rare. Gross total resection was achieved in all cases. All patients were followed up, with a mean duration of 41.1 months. Long-term neurological function was improved in nine patients and remained stable in one patient. No recurrence was observed on MRI. CAs should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cauda equina tumors. Because of the excessive vascularity of CAs, en bloc resection is recommended. For symptomatic patients, early surgery should be performed before neurological deficits deteriorate.     

超声骨刀在下牙槽神经移位同期种植中的应用

目的:探讨超声骨刀辅助下对下牙槽嵴严重萎缩的患者行下牙槽神经移位术,并同期种植的临床应用效果。方法:对1例48岁牙槽嵴严重萎缩的女性患者,利用超声骨刀行右下牙槽神经移位术并同期植入种植体2枚。结果:该患者术后出现右下唇感觉障碍症状,3个月后恢复;术后4个月患者完成种植义齿的上部结构修复。经随访3月,修复完成后种植体无松动或脱落。结论:利用超声骨刀行下牙槽神经移位术并同期种植,能有效地减小下牙槽神经损伤的风险,解决下颌骨牙槽嵴严重萎缩患者的种植修复问题。     

上颈部囊性病变的MRI分析

目的:探讨MRI检查在上颈部囊性病变中的诊断价值。方法:36例上颈部囊性肿物,术前行穿刺检查和MRI检查以明确囊液性质、嚢肿范围、来源及信号强度。根据囊液性质及MRI检查特点,决定手术方法,术后病理确诊。结果:穿刺囊液为蛋清样黏液23例,为淡黄色水样液体6例,为灰色脓汁样液体5例。另有2例患者不配合未能行穿刺检查。MRI检查T1低信号、T2高信号且囊肿有"尾状征"与口底关系密切者25例,诊断为潜突型舌下腺囊肿,采用口内入路摘除舌下腺,其余11例采用颈部入路。术后病理证实潜突型舌下腺囊肿25例,淋巴管瘤6例,鳃裂囊肿5例。所有术后病理确诊与术前诊断相符,随访3³6月,未见有患者复发。结论:上颈部囊性病变术前MRI检查,有助于术前明确诊断,以正确指导手术,避免盲目颈部探查手术。     

Apoptosis of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell (CAL-27) induced by Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites

Objective

To study the effect of Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites on viability of CAL-27 cells and apoptosis in CAL-27 cells.

Methods

Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites 1 and 2 (LM1 and LM2) were obtained by culturing Lactobacillus sp. A-2 in reconstituted whey medium and whey-inulin medium; the cultured CAL-27 cells were treated with different concentrations of LM1 and LM2 (0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 mg/mL) and assayed by methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT) method; morphological changes of apoptotic cell were observed under fluorescence microscopy by acridine orange (Ao) fluorescent staining; flow cytometry method (FCM) and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to detect the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells treated LM1 and LM2.

Results

The different concentrations of LM1 and LM2 could restrain the growth of CAL-27 cells, and in a dose-dependent manner; the apoptosis of CAL-27 cells was obviously induced and was time-dependent.

Conclusions

Viability of CAL-27 cells was inhibited by Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites; Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites could induce CAL-27 cells apoptosis; study on the bioactive compounds in the Lactobacillus sp. A-2 metabolites and their molecular mechanism is in progress.     

仪器对凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值的影响及校正

为了评价血凝仪对国际标准化比值的影响。模拟ＷＨＯ标定凝血质的参比方法，用一种已 知国际敏感指标的凝血质对两种血凝仪的特异性ＩＳＩ进行标定，并以ＩＮＲ形式报告ＰＴ结果。     

针灸治疗脑瘫患儿语言障碍的分析

目的：探讨针灸治疗脑瘫患儿语言障碍的研究进展。方法选择2013年1~12月我院收治的脑瘫患儿30例,将这30例患儿随机分成两组,每组15例患儿,分别命名为治疗组和对照组,对照组的15例患儿采取常规语言训练,治疗组的15例患者在采取常规语言训练的基础上,进行针灸治疗,观察两组患儿的临床治疗效果。结果治疗组临床治疗的总有效率为96.8%。对照组临床治疗的总有效率为77.4%。治疗组患儿临床治疗的总有效率明显的高于对照组。两组总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论针灸治疗脑瘫患儿的语言障碍具有良好的效果,该种方法值得临床推广。     

唑来膦酸连续2年治疗绝经后女性骨质疏松临床观察

目的：观察唑来膦酸连续2年治疗绝经后女性骨质疏松的疗效、急性发热反应情况及其相关因素分析。方法回顾性分析我科2010年7月至2013年7月连续2年静脉使用唑来膦酸5mg滴注治疗绝经后女性骨质疏松患者共46人。年龄60～74岁,平均年龄（66．87±6．77）岁。观察每次急性期发热出现比例及每例患者前后2次药物输注后发热出现情况。比较治疗第1年、第2年骨质疏松差异及甲状旁腺激素、血清钙差异。结果46例患者中第1次输注唑来膦酸共观察到20人发热,占43．4％,次年输注唑来膦酸仅1例出现发热,发热组治疗前甲状旁腺激素水平显著高于无发热组（ P＜0．05）。第2次输注前甲状旁腺激素、血清钙较第1年输注前均无显著差异（ P＞0．05）,第2次输注前骨密度监测腰椎及全髋T值较第1次有所改善（P＜0．05）。结论绝经后女性骨质疏松患者连续静脉用唑来膦酸治疗对骨密度有改善,首次治疗出现急性期发热反应并不少见,但均为一过性,次年均可耐受。治疗前PTH水平可能与发热反应相关。