小型猪双侧腮腺萎缩后唾液流率及口腔细菌变化的观察

目的 观察小型猪腮腺萎缩后混合唾液流率的变化以及对口腔主要致病菌的影响.方法 10只小型猪分成两组,每组5只,其中一组双侧腮腺注入甲紫致腺体萎缩,另5只作为健康对照组.分别在萎缩后第12、24个月收集混合唾液并观察唾液流率的变化;同时检测小型猪龈下菌斑和混合唾液中口腔主要致病菌数量并与健康对照组比较.结果 腮腺萎缩后第12个月混合唾液流率自(1.36±0.74)ml/min下降到(1.32±0.65)ml/min,第24个月唾液流率自(0.72±0.34)ml/min上升到(0.86±0.57)ml/min;龈下菌斑中的核梭杆菌、后牙龈下菌斑中厌氧菌总数、产黑菌数量均明显高于健康对照组;第12个月前牙和第24个月后牙的龈下菌斑中变形链球菌有短暂升高,而需氧菌总数、乳酸菌和放线菌数量无明显变化.唾液中除变形链球菌和产黑菌在腮腺萎缩早期有轻度上升外,其余细菌数量均无明显变化.结论 双侧腮腺萎缩后明显降低口腔中唾液总量,导致牙菌斑中的致龋菌和牙周致病菌数量上升.     

VCAM-1与TNF-α在口腔鳞癌血管生成中的协同作用

目的:探讨血管细胞黏附分子-1(vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,VCAM-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)在口腔鳞癌中的表达及其在口腔鳞癌血管生成中的协同作用。方法:应用免疫组化二步法检测48例口腔鳞癌组织和10例正常口腔黏膜组织中VCAM-1、TNF-α和CD31表达并计数微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)。结果:VCAM-1和TNF-α在口腔鳞癌组织的表达率明显高于正常口腔黏膜组织(P<0.01);VCAM-1和TNF-α同时表达阳性的肿瘤组织中MVD值明显高于VCAM-1和TNF-α单一表达阳性的MVD值(P<0.05)。结论:VCAM-1和TNF-α在口腔鳞癌组织中的高表达可能与肿瘤血管生成有关,并可能在血管生成中具有协同效应,共同促进肿瘤的生长和转移。     

利用曲面断层片进行下颌骨测量的研究

目的 评价利用曲面断层片进行下颌骨测量的可行性.方法 分别测量51 例患者的曲面断层片和头颅侧位片上的下颌角、下颌升支长、下颌体长、下颌综合长几项指标,分析其相关性.结果 下颌角、下颌升支长、下颌体长度、下颌综合长的测量值在曲面断层片上与头颅侧位片上的相应指标呈显著相关.结论 在统一拍摄条件下,曲面断层片能够用做下颌骨的测量.     

Comparison of Ileal Digested Production of Parental Rice and Rice Genetically Modified With Cowpeas Trypsin Inhibitor

INTRODUCTION With the rapid development of genetically modified foods in the world, the safety assessment of these novel foods is becoming the first task for governments, scientists, and consumers. At the same time, nutritional assessment is an important …     

老年腹股沟疝行开放修补手术后并发症的相关因素分析

目的探究老年腹股沟疝行开放修补手术后并发症发生的原因和预防措施,旨在降低手术并发症。方法选取2016年8月至2018年2月郑州人民医院收治的100例行开放修补术的老年腹股沟疝患者。根据文献资料和临床经验总结归纳患者手术后并发症的影响因素,对患者性别、年龄、疝的类型、疝的大小、体重指数(BMI)、麻醉方式及补片类型等进行分析。结果术后发生并发症与未发生并发症患者性别、疝的类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);而年龄、BMI、疝的大小及疝环粘连程度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将患者年龄、BMI、疝的大小及疝环粘连程度等代入Logistic回归分析模型中,结果显示年龄>70岁、BMI>24 kg/m2、疝的直径>5 cm和重度疝环粘连是患者术后并发症发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论老年腹股沟疝行开放修补手术后患者并发症的危险因素较多,应做好术前评估,及时采取干预对策,积极预防术后并发症的发生。     

掌跖角化牙周病综合征患者组织蛋白酶C基因的新突变

目的探讨掌跖角化牙周病综合征又称帕-勒综合征(PLS)患者组织蛋白酶 C 基因(CTSC)突变的特点,为该病发生的分子机制研究提供依据。方法对临床诊断为 PLS 的2例患者进行 CTSC 基因突变的分析。分别提取患者及其父母的基因组 DNA,应用聚合酶链反应和 DNA 直接测序进行基因突变的检测,进一步采用限制性内切酶酶切验证突变。结果 2例 PLS 患者均存在 CTSC基因的复合型杂合突变,患者Ⅰ的突变位点为 G139R 和S260P,患者Ⅱ的突变位点为 R250X 和C258W,健康对照组未发现基因突变,其中 S260P 和 C258W 突变是 CTSC 基因的新突变位点。结论CTSC 基因突变是导致2例 PLS 患者临床表型的致病原因,S260P 和 C258W 突变扩大了 CTSC 基因的突变谱,为我国 PLS 疾病的基因诊断提供了依据。     

Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study

Objective The relationship between serum uric acid(SUA)levels and glycemic indices,including plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postload glucose(2 h-PG),and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c),remains inconclusive.We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.Methods The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.A total of 105,922 community-dwelling adults aged≥40 years underwent the oral glucose tolerance test and uric acid assessment.The nonlinear relationships between glycemic indices and SUA levels were explored using generalized additive models.Results A total of 30,941 men and 62,361 women were eligible for the current analysis.Generalized additive models verified the inverted U-shaped association between glycemic indices and SUA levels,but with different inflection points in men and women.The thresholds for FPG,2 h-PG,and HbA1 c for men and women were 6.5/8.0 mmol/L,11.0/14.0 mmol/L,and 6.1/6.5,respectively(SUA levels increased with increasing glycemic indices before the inflection points and then eventually decreased with further increases in the glycemic indices).Conclusion An inverted U-shaped association was observed between major glycemic indices and uric acid levels in both sexes,while the inflection points were reached earlier in men than in women.     

National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for Children 0-17 Years of Age in China

The main purpose of the National Nutrition and Health Systematic Survey for children 0-17 years of age in China (CNHSC) was to collect basic data on the nutrition, development, and health status for children in different regions across China using evidence-based, reliable, and cost-effective approaches. Children and their parents or guardians from seven regions (south, southwest, north, northwest, eastern, central, and northeast China) in China were recruited. A multi-stage stratified randomized sampling method was used. Two provinces were randomly sampled from each of the seven regions, from which one urban district and one rural country were also randomly sampled, resulting in a total of 28 survey counties/districts. Dietary surveys, health examinations, laboratory testing, and questionnaires were used to collect dietary intake, nutritional status, child development, and health status information. Nutrition, health, and lifestyle assessment of children and their parents was determined using the Knowledge Attitude Practice (KAP) survey. Greater than 100,000 children (38,000 children < 6 years of age and 66,000 children 6-17 years of age) completed the survey. The survey provided comprehensive data on child nutrition and health status for future studies and will serve as the basis for an integrated nutrition and health improvement strategies proposal for children in China.     

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors among Chinese Children: Recent Trends and Correlates

Objective This study was aimed at examining the trends and correlates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors among Chinese children. Methods A total of 4,341 subjects (6,936 observations) aged 6–17 years who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2004–2015) were included. Of the subjects, 41％ participated in the survey twice or more. Random-effects ordinal regression models and repeated-measures mixed-effects models were used to examine the PA trends. Quantile regression models were applied to examine the factors influencing PA and sedentary behaviors. Results From 2004 to 2015, the prevalence of physical inactivity among Chinese children aged 6–17 years increased by 5.5％ [odds ratio (OR), 1.51; 95％ confidence interval (CI), 1.19–1.90; P < 0.001]. The PA volume declined by 5.8 metabolic equivalent of task-hr/week (P < 0.001), and the time spent in sedentary behaviors increased by 1.8 hr/week (P < 0.001). Age, ethnicity, and region showed significant effects on the PA volume across the quartiles (P < 0.001). Across the quartiles, sedentary time was significantly higher in the children residing in urban areas (P < 0.001) or areas with high urbanization levels (P ≤ 0.005) than in their counterparts. Conclusions A declining PA trend among Chinese children aged 6–17 years was observed from 2004 to 2015, and certain subgroups and geographical areas are at higher risk of physical inactivity.     

A Risk Prediction Model for Ischemic Stroke in Southern Chinese Population: Impact of Multiple Genetic Variants and Clinical/Lifestyle Factors

With a global prevalence of 7.7 million, ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. In China, IS alone contributed to 69.6％? of stroke events and accounted for 37.1％? of the mortality/disability rate[1]. IS is a complex disease that is known to be associated?with?various?genetic?variants?and?clinical and lifestyle risk factors[2]. Genome -wide association studies (GWAS) provided evidence for the?occurrence?of?more?than?160?IS-associated?single nucleotide?polymorphisms?(SNPs).?In?terms?of?clinical risk factors, patients with a history of chronic diseases like hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, display a higher risk of developing IS. Among the various lifestyle components, leading a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and having an unhealthy diet are known to be associated with the risk of IS. Thus, integration of various genetic, clinical, and lifestyle variables might prove to be highly beneficial in the prediction and prevention of IS?at?the?individual?level[3].