An Unexplained Death: Hannah Greener and Chloroform

Background: Reports of major and minor sequelae following lidocaine spinal anesthesia have generated interest in an alternative short-acting intrathecal agent. Of the available anesthetics suitable for short-duration spinal anesthesia, prilocaine is perhaps the most promising agent. However, data comparing the neurotoxicity of these agents are lacking. Accordingly, the present experiments investigate whether prilocaine and lidocaine differ with respect to sensory impairment and histologic damage when administered intrathecally in the rat.

Methods: Ninety rats were divided into three groups to receive an intrathecal infusion of 2.5% prilocaine in saline, 2.5% lidocaine in saline, or normal saline. The animals were assessed for persistent sensory impairment 4 days after anesthetic administration using the tail-flick test. Three days later, the animals were killed, and specimens of the spinal cord and nerve roots were obtained for histopathologic examination.

Results: Prilocaine and lidocaine produced equivalent elevations in tail-flick latency that differed significantly from saline. Histologic injury scores with prilocaine were greater than with lidocaine, but this difference did not reach statistical significance.     

克隆氏病8例临床分析

克隆氏病为临床少见病 ,本文统计了本院 1995年 1月～ 1998年 5月收治的克隆氏病患者 8例 ,总结其临床特征如下。1　资料与方法1 1　一般资料 :本文 8例患者其中男 4例 ,女 4例。年龄最小 15岁 ,最大 71岁 ,平均年龄 34 2 5岁。首次发病年龄以 2 0～ 2 5岁居多 ,8例患者中均无家族史。1 2　临床表现 :8例患者均出现腹痛、腹泻、腹胀 ,其中发热 5例 ,恶心呕吐 1例 ,食欲不振 5例 ,消瘦 6例 ;查体 :腹部压痛 8例 ,贫血 5例 ,右下腹肿块 2例 ,肝肿大 1例 ,脾肿大 4例 ;并发症 :瘘管形成 1例 ,脓肿 2例 ,肠梗阻 2例 ,中毒性巨结肠 1例。1 3　辅…     

眼底照相机的数字化改造设计

1引言眼底荧光血管造影术(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)是1959年A lvis和Navoyny发明的。1965年后逐渐在临床上广泛使用。它采用荧光素钠作为造影剂,造影剂注入血管后随血液进入眼底,在蓝色光波激发下发射出黄绿色的荧光,此时通过荧光眼底照像机可观察到眼底血管的细微     

老年肺结核患者合并下呼吸道感染的排痰护理

目的对老年肺结核患者合并下呼吸道感染的排痰进行护理。方法我院收治97例老年肺结核合并下呼吸道感染的患者针对排痰进行护理。结果对老年肺结核患者合并下呼吸道感染进行排痰护理对治疗老年肺结核有很好的疗效。结论及时的对老年肺结核合并下呼吸道感染的患者进行排痰护理对治疗该病有很好的疗效     

生物医学工程学

0500862 心外膜电位重构中边界条件不完全的仿真研究，0500863 麻醉期心率变异性的复杂性研究，0500864 锥形血管内血液脉动流的数值模拟，0500865 高强度聚焦超声在肿瘤治疗中的焦域模型，0500866 骨骼肌介电行为的理论模型仿真。     

老年人肺结核并发肺部感染的预见性护理

老年肺结核患者因肺组织结构和功能长期受到不同程度的损害，免疫功能低下，极易并发肺部感染。因此，做好老年肺结核患者的预见性护理，对减少肺部感染并发症，提高生存质量有重要意义。2004年1月-2005年10月笔者对59例老年肺结核患者进行预见性护理，效果较好，现报道如下。     

Pancreatic cancer–Palliative therapy: surgery (bypass/resection)

Objective: We compare the outcome of palliative pancreaticoduodenectomy and palliative surgical bypass in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma in our hospital. Recent published related articles are also reviewed. Methods: A respective analysis was performed comparing the perioperative parameters and outcome of 20 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with a gross suspected cancer residue and 30 patients who underwent a surgical bypass, all of the patients were diagnosed as in advanced stages intra-operatively. Results: The two groups were comparable with patient characteristics, including age, gender, initial symptoms and concomitant major organ diseases. Tumors are similar in size and intra-operatively diagnosed as in advanced stages in both groups. All of the patients in the resection group were microscopically proved having cancer residue. One postoperative mortality occurred in the resection group (5%), zero in the bypass group (P > 0.05). Overall complications were significantly higher in the resection group (30% vs. 0, P < 0.01), including 2 patients developed Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), zero in the bypass group (P < 0.01); hemorrhage and transfusions in the resection group were much more than that in the bypass group (P < 0.05). Hospital stay after resection was significantly longer than bypass (20 vs. 12 days, P < 0.01). Hospital fee after resection was 4 times more than after bypass (median 61.500 vs. 15. 300 yuan, P < 0.01). Survival was significantly longer after resection (median 12.2 vs. 7.1 months, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Our results show that palliative resection in advanced pancreatic carcinoma lengthens the survival time of the patients, but this is paid for significantly higher complications than bypass.     

NEUROTROPIN IMMUNOSTIMULATING ACTION ON IMMUNOCOMPETENT CELLS

Neurotropin (NSP) is an extract isolated from the skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus. The present study examines the possible action of NSP on the number and function of immunocompe tent cells in mice. The experiment showed that NSP had no effect on both T and B lymphocytes of nor- malimmunized mouse spleen. The degree of plaque forming cell reaction and titre of specific antibody showed no significant differences when the NSP treated group and controls were compared. How- ever, NSP exhibited promotive effect on specific antigen binding cells in the early stage of immune responses. It was also noted that the rosette forming capacity of human T lymphocytes in vitro was restor- ed markedly by NSP. These results suggest that NSP possesses certain immunostimulating activity, particularly on the specific antigen binding cells and human T lymphocytes.     

ICU术后病人心理障碍的护理

各种手术患者因病情危重收治于ICU病房,不仅身体陷于危机状态,而且还要承受巨大的心理负担,病人一般都有强烈而复杂的心理反应,而这些心理反应和状态与病人康复密切相关。不正常的心