立体定向治疗中靶心定位的算法

本文介绍了在立体定向放射神经外科中，根据病人配戴头环和ＣＴ定标架作ＣＴ扫描所得的ＣＴ断层图像或配戴ＡＶＭ定位箱做血管造影得到的两张Ｘ光片确定病人颅内病灶的三维坐标的方法。     

腺病毒载体介导的lacZ基因在NG细胞系及大鼠黑质的表达

本实验用标记基因ｌａｃＺ５型重组腺病毒（Ａｄ５ＣＭＶｌａｃＺ）转染培养的ＮＧ细胞系，Ｘ－ｇａｌ染色检测转染效率．在培养的ＮＧ细胞系，当病毒滴度为２×１０８时，转集率达到５０％，当滴度为２×１０９时，转染率达１００％，有较好的量效关系；固定病毒液度为１０１０，培养２～１６ｈ，细胞的转染率随时间延长而提高，有较好的时效关系。将Ａｄ５ＣＭＶｌａｃＺ注射到大鼠黑质部位后，分别于注射后３～１２０ｄ取脑、切片、Ｘ－ｇａｌ染色，发现黑质局部从第７ｄ开始有部分蓝染，第１０ｄ达高峰，注射局部感染率１００％；９０ｄ时开始下降，持续至１２０ｄ；纹状体等其它部位无蓝染．上述结果提示，腺病毒载体介导的标记基因可在培养的神经细胞系和中脑黑质部位高效表达，为进一步开展中枢神经系统退变性疾病尤其是帕金森氏病的基因治疗奠定基础。     

基于小波分解的多尺度医学图像融合技术

给出了一种基于小波分解的多尺度图像融合新方法。其基本思想是 ,先对源图像进行小波多尺度分解 ;其次 ,采用了基于区域特性量测选择的加权算子的融合规则进行小波系数融合 ;最后通过小波逆变换重构融合图像。实验结果表明 ,该融合方法十分有效 ,融合图像完好地显示了源图像各自的信息。     

Genome-wide search for atopy susceptibility genes in Dutch families with asthma

BACKGROUND: Atopy is a phenotype associated with asthma that has a heritable component. However, the role of atopysusceptibility genes in the development and expression of asthma and allergic disorders is not understood. OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the familial aggregation and co-occurrence of atopic phenotypes within family members of patients with asthma and to identify chromosomal regions that may contain genes that regulate different atopic phenotypes. METHODS: In 200 families (n = 1174) ascertained through a proband with asthma, genome-wide screen and linkage analysis was performed for the following atopic phenotypes: (1) specific IgE to common aeroallergens (Phadiatop assay); (2) specific IgE to Der p 1; (3) positive skin test responses to house dust mite; (4) positive skin test responses to 1 or more of 16 allergens; and (5) peripheral blood eosinophils. Results were compared with the linkage results for total serum IgE levels. RESULTS: There was clear familial aggregation of atopy. A high total serum IgE level in combination with a positive Phadiatop result or a normal total IgE level in combination with a negative Phadiatop result was found in 56.1% of the probands and 66.9% of the offspring. Several chromosomal regions that showed evidence for linkage to an atopic phenotype (ie, 2q, 6p, 7q, and 13q) also showed evidence of linkage with total serum IgE (Xu et al. Am J Hum Genet 2000;67:1163-73). Specific regions of interest for atopic traits were also detected on chromosomes 11q, 17q, and 22q. CONCLUSIONS: Atopic phenotypes show familial aggregation, although family members may differ in expression of atopy. Specific chromosomal regions appear to be important in susceptibility to different phenotypes of atopic responsiveness.     

颞下颌关节与颅面指标的计算机相关及回归分析

本文用计算机分析统计了118例(236侧)颞下颌关节的12项骨性指标及10项颅面指标的正常值及相关关系。结果表明颞下颌关节各项指标之间、颞下颌关节与颅面各主要指标之间,均存在良好的相关关系。说明颞下颌关节,特别是关节窝和髁突的形态大小具有明显的规律性。由于颅面诸指标与颞下颌关节主要指标之间高度相关,因而本文用逐步回归方法,建立了由颅面特征指标推算髁突形态的回归方程。本文的结果可为该关节的形态研究及人工关节的设计和应用提供有益的依据。     

Significant HLA-A02 allelic variation revealed in chinese and caucasian populations

HLA-A2 subtypes (A^*0201 - ^*0212) were determined by oligotyping in HLA-A2 positive samples from four populations (Han Chinese, Dai Chinese, Caucasoids from Germany and Turkish individuals from Kayseri)(see table).

Two different findings can be concluded from this study: 1) Significant HLA-A^*02 allelic variations found in four populations. A^*0207 is the predominant A^*02 allele in the Dai population and absent in the German Caucasian and the Turkish population. In contrast, A^*0201 is the most prevalent allele in the Caucasian, Turkish and Han Chinese group. We also found a high proportion of A^*0206 and A^*0207 in Han Chinese. 2) A strong association has been found between A^*0207 and HLA-B46 and DR9 in the Dai minority population. This haplotype is also found in Han Chinese. Three DNA samples from Turkish and one from the Dai population are presently being sequenced because the reaction pattern was out of the expected (Supported by SFB 217)     

Effect of stretch on calcium channel currents recorded from the antral circular myocytes of guinea-pig stomach

The effect of membrane stretch on voltage-activated Ba²⁺ current (I _Ba) was studied in antral circular myocytes of guinea-pig using the whole- cell patch-clamp technique. The changes in cell volume were elicited by superfusing the myocytes with anisosmotic solutions. Hyposmotic superfusate (202 mosmol/l) induced cell swelling and increased peak values of I _Ba at 0 mV (from −406.6 ± 45.5 pA to −547.5 ± 65.6 pA, mean ± SEM, n = 8) and hyperosmotic superfusate (350 mosmol/l) induced cell shrinkage and decreased peak values of I _Ba at 0 mV (to −269.5 ± 39.1 pA, n = 8). Such changes were reversible and the extent of change was dependent on the osmolarity of superfusate. The values of normalized I _Ba at 0 mV were 1.43 ± 0.04, 1.30 ± 0.06, 1.23 ± 0.04, 1.19 ± 0.04, 1 and 0.68 ± 0.06 at 202, 220, 245, 267, 290 and 350 mosmol/l, respectively (n = 8). I _Ba was almost completely blocked by nicardipine (5 μM) under hyposmotic conditions. The values of steady-state half-inactivation voltage (−37.7 ± 3.3 and −36.5 ± 2.6 mV, under control and hyposmotic conditions, respectively) or the half-activation voltage (−13.6 ± 2.3 and −13.9 ± 1.9 mV) of I _Ba were not significantly changed (P > 0.05, n = 6). Cell membrane capacitance was slightly increased from 50.00 ± 2.86 pF to 50.22 ± 2.82 pF by a hyposmotic superfusate (P < 0.05, n = 6). It is suggested that cell swelling increases voltage-operated L-type calcium channel current and that such a property is related to the response of gastric smooth muscle to mechanical stimuli. Received: 14 November 1995/Received after revision and accepted: 8 January 1996     

利用双扩增聚合酶链反应检测非甲非乙型肝炎患者血清中丙型肝炎病毒RNA

利用丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）５’－端序列合成两对引物，建立了灵敏、特异的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ双扩增聚合酶链反应检测方法。用此方法及第二代Ａｂｂｏｔｔ酶联抗－ＨＣＶ检测试剂盒，检测了４４例非甲非乙型肝炎患者血清及１０名抗－ＨＣＶ阴性健康人。在４４例患者中，４１例（９３％）ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性，３６例（８２％）抗－ＨＣＶ阳性，３３例（７５％）ＨＣＶＲＮＡ、抗－ＨＣＶ全部阳性。３例ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阴性，但抗－ＨＣＶ阳性，另外，有８例抗－ＨＣＶ阴性，ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性。１０名健康人ＨＣＶＲＮＡ均为阴性。结果表明，大部分（９２％）抗－ＨＣＶ阳性患者带有ＨＣＶ，但为了检测所有病毒血症患者，抗－ＨＣＶ检测是不够的，利用双扩增ＰＣＲ方法检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ对于抗－ＨＣＶ阴性患者的诊断是非常有用的。     

阿霉素性心肌病之心肌线粒体酶的细胞化学研究

阿霉素性心肌病之心肌线粒体SDH和CCO的细胞化学观察发现,多数线粒体的酶活性较弱,少数较强或中等,并与ADR的累积用量和心肌损伤程度有关。作者认为SDH和CCO活性降低,线粒体能量代谢障碍在ADR引起心肌病的过程中起着重要作用。     

莱姆病人工宿主动物模型的建立

为了建立莱姆病人工宿主模型进行实验传播研究,用从我国全沟硬蜱分离的莱姆病螺旋体Borrelia garinii CHNM4人工感染4种实验动物.结果表明,以0.1×106条/mL的剂量皮下注射3日龄昆明小鼠是比较理想的方案.由此建立的动物模型既能用作全沟硬蜱的血源动物,又能在15天内保持所感染螺旋体对全沟硬蜱的感染力,可作为人工宿主动物模型.