MicroRNA‐494 Promotes Cyclosporine‐Induced Nephrotoxicity and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting PTEN

A major complication associated with cyclosporine (CsA) treatment is nephrotoxicity. In this study, we examined whether microRNAs play a role in cyclosporine‐induced nephrotoxicity. Treatment of mice with CsA resulted in nephrotoxicity that was associated with an early increase in expression of microRNA mmu‐miR‐494 (miR‐494). Similarly, tubular epithelial cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by CsA toxicity resulted in the upregulation of microRNA‐494 and a decrease in PTEN levels in vitro. miR‐494 directly targeted Pten and negatively regulated its expression. Preventing Pten targeting by miR‐494 was sufficient to prevent CsA induced EMT. Knockdown of miR‐494 prevented the downregulation of PTEN in tubular epithelial cells following CsA treatment and also prevented CsA induced EMT. Thus, miR‐494 plays a major role in promoting CsA induced nephrotoxicity through its ability to target Pten thereby contributing to EMT. We suggest that manipulating miR‐494 expression may represent a novel approach to preventing EMT associated with CsA induced nephrotoxicity.     

Low expression of HIV genes in podocytes accelerates the progression of diabetic kidney disease in mice

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Investigating the effects of walnut ointment on non-healing burn wounds

Effective treatments for non-healing burn wounds are an unmet need for 95% of burn sufferers. Approaches currently available to treat non-healing burn wounds are not satisfactory due to undesirable side-effects or expense. The anti-oxidation and antibacterial activities of walnuts are recommended for treating chronic diseases. Walnut ointment has been developed and successfully applied to treat non-healing burn wounds in our hospital for decades. We report herein a detailed retrospective case review examining patients’ response to the walnut ointment. The walnut ointment has shortened healing time of non-healing burn wounds and improved clinical outcomes. In order to investigate the mechanism of action, walnut ointment has been applied on wounds of porcine full-thickness burn wound models. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis indicated our walnut ointment supports wound healing through promoting keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Taken together, we recommend the walnut ointment offers an effective and economical treatment for patients presenting with non-healing burn wounds.     

Systematic review of outcomes and meta-analysis of risk factors for prognosis after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma without cirrhosis

Long-term overall survival (OS) after liver resection for non-cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma (NCHCC) has been reported recently. The aim of this study was to review outcomes systematically and analyze risk factors for survival after surgical resection for HCC without cirrhosis. A literature search was performed of the PubMed and Embase databases for papers published between January 1995 and October 2012, which focused on hepatic resection for HCC without underlying cirrhosis. Cochrane systematic review methodology was used for this review. Outcomes were OS, operative mortality and disease-free survival (DFS). Pooled hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using the random effects model for parameters considered as potential prognostic factors. Totally, 26 retrospective case series were eligible for inclusion. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rate after surgical resection of NCHCC ranged from 62% to 100%, 46.3%–78.0%, and 30%–64%, respectively. The corresponding DFS rates ranged from 48.7% to 84%, 31.0%–66.0%, and 24.0%–58.0%, respectively. Five variables were related to poor survival: multiple tumors (HR 1.68, 95%CI 1.25–2.11); larger tumor size (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.69–3.63); non-clear resection margin (R0 resection) (HR 3.52, 95%CI 1.63–5.42); poor tumor stage (HR 2.61, 95%CI 1.64–3.58); and invasion of the lymphatic vessels (HR 4.85, 95%CI 2.67–7.02). In sum, hepatic resection provides excellent OS rates for patients with NCHCC, and results have tended to improve recently. Risk factors for poor prognosis comprise multiple tumors, lager tumor size, non-R0 resection and invasion of the lymphatic vessels.     

The Effect of a PEEK Material‐Based External Fixator in the Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures with Non‐Transarticular External Fixation

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of a PEEK material‐based external fixator in the treatment of distal radius fractures with non‐transarticular external fixation.MethodsThere were 48 patients in this prospective comparative study. They were divided into two groups according to the materials used: the PEEK group and the titanium group. Wrist dorsiflexion, palmar flexion, pronation, supination, radial deviation, ulnar deviation, grip strength of the palm on the affected side, kneading force, Visual Analogue Scale/Score (VAS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, operation time, frequency of fluoroscopy procedures, and X‐ray results were compared between the two groups. Functional recovery was evaluated at the last follow‐up according to the wrist joint evaluation criteria.ResultsThe baseline data were comparable between the two groups, and no significant differences were found in age, sex, fracture types (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the results of DASH, grip strength, and recovery of pinch force and wrist function (dorsiflexion, clavicle, ulnar deviation, deviation, pronation, and supination) (P > 0.05). Normal limb function was achieved in the two groups of patients at an average of 6 weeks after surgery, and there was no significant difference in X‐ray examination radial height (10.60 ± 1.59 vs 11.00 ± 1.53, P = 0.687), radial inclination (1.11 ± 0.24 vs 1.12 ± 0.24, P = 0.798), volar tilt (10.33 ± 2.13 vs 10.00 ± 2.08, P = 0.660), ulnar variance (20.87 ± 3.00 vs 20.38 ± 3.04, P = 0.748), and step‐off persistence (1.73 ± 0.69 vs 1.68 ± 0.72, P = 0.425) between the two groups (P > 0.05). However, the operation time (54.80 ± 12.20 vs 85.23 ± 15.14, P = 0.033) and number of fluoroscopy procedures (36.93 ± 6.89 vs 64.77 ± 9.74, P = 0.000) in the PEEK group were significantly reduced compared with those in the titanium group.ConclusionCompared with the traditional titanium external fixator, the PEEK composite external fixator has advantages, such as a shorter operation time and fewer fluoroscopy procedures when used to treat different types of distal radius fracture.     

电针结合有氧运动对自然衰老大鼠骨骼肌IGF-I/Akt通路的作用

目的:探索低频电针结合有氧运动对增龄性骨骼肌萎缩的效应,以及IGF-I/Akt及其下游蛋白质合成相关通路信号蛋白的影响。方法:以自然衰老SD大鼠为研究对象,将6月龄雄性SD大鼠32只,体重400～450 g,饲养至大鼠12月龄,根据体重随机分为4组。对照组(YC,只抓取、固定、放回,不做其他干预),电针组(YA,电针干预),运动组(YE,运动干预),电针+运动组(YEA,电针结合运动干预),自SD大鼠12月龄开始持续干预至18月龄,实验结束时观察各组自然衰老大鼠:骨骼肌湿重/体重比;光学显微镜下比目鱼肌HE染色形态;Real-time qPCR法检测骨骼肌中IGF-I mRNA的表达水平;Western印迹法测定的大鼠腓肠肌中AKT、mTOR、p70S6K和p-p70S6K相关蛋白表达情况。结果:与YC组相比,YA组、YEA组皆明显增加18月龄大鼠腓肠肌湿重/体重比(P0.05);YEA组能明显增加比目鱼肌湿重/体重比,高于YC组和YA组(P0.05)。与YC组相比,各个干预组大鼠的腓肠肌IGF-I mRNA表达水平皆有上升趋势,其中YEA组IGF-I mRNA表达增加更为明显(P=0.051)。与YC组相比,电针组(YA)p-Akt,p-mTOR表达升高(P0.05),电针+运动组(YEA)p-Akt,p-mTOR,p-p70S6K表达也显示出升高趋势(P0.05)。结论:电针结合有氧运动可延缓18月龄自然衰老大鼠增龄性骨骼肌萎缩,其分子机制可能与通过激活IGF-I/Akt通路,促进蛋白合成有关。     

奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨或联合替吉奥新辅助化疗方案在进展期胃癌治疗中的安全性和有效性

目的:探讨奥沙利铂联合卡培他滨（CapeOX）或奥沙利铂联合替吉奥（SOX）新辅助化疗方案在局部进展期胃癌治疗中的安全性和有效性。方法:采用回顾性队列研究方法,收集2016年4月至2019年4月期间,于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院予以新辅助化疗并接受标准腹腔镜下胃癌根治术的进展期胃癌患者的临床资料。病例纳入标准：（1...     

205例手足口病合并惊厥患儿的病原学及临床特征

目的 探讨手足口病(HFMD)合并惊厥患儿的病原学及临床特征.方法 选择西安市儿童医院2019年1月至12月收治的手足口病合并惊厥的患儿为研究对象,收集患儿的年龄、性别、个人史、症状、体征与临床转归等临床资料,采集其肛拭子,应用逆转录聚合酶链式反应PCR(RT-PCR)对患儿标本进行病毒检测.结果 2019年本院共收治...     

Comparison of fibrogenesis caused by dermal and adipose tissue injury in an experimental model

Mammalian skin is composed of three layers, the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutis, which is composed primarily of adipose tissue. The dermal and adipose tissues are involved simultaneously when partial and full‐thickness burns occur, and often induce scar formation. However, little is known about the role of the dermis and adipose tissue injury in scar formation or the difference in fibrogenesis between the two tissues. In this study with female red Duroc pigs, we created flaps of skin with a dermal plane of injury or deeper flaps with an adipose plane of injury on the back. We compared the extent of fibrogenesis by observing the deposition of extracellular matrix as well as the characteristics of cells in the injured area. In skin flaps with a dermal level of tissue injury, scar formation that was characterized by more extracellular matrix deposition and less apoptotic myofibroblasts in the injured area was observed. Our results suggest that scar formation does not correlate with injury at the level of the adipose tissue, and that adipose tissue might serve to alleviate fibrogenesis.