Deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 promotes axonal regeneration in mammals

Axonal regeneration plays an important role in functional recovery after nervous system damage. However, after axonal injury in mammals, regeneration is often poor. The deletion of Krüppel-like factor-4 (Klf4) has been shown to promote axonal regeneration in retinal ganglion cells. However, the effects of Klf4 deletion on the corticospinal tract and peripheral nervous system are unknown. In this study, using a mouse model of sciatic nerve injury, we show that the expression of Klf4 in dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons was significantly reduced after peripheral axotomy, suggesting that the regeneration of the sciatic nerve is associated with Klf4. In vitro, dorsal root ganglion sensory neurons with Klf4 knockout exhibited significantly enhanced axonal regeneration. Furthermore, the regeneration of the sciatic nerve was enhanced in vivo following Klf4 knockout. Finally, AAV-Cre virus was used to knockout the Klf4 gene in the cortex. The deletion of Klf4 enhanced regeneration of the corticospinal tract in mice with spinal cord injury. Together, our findings suggest that regulating KLF4 activity in neurons is a potential strategy for promoting axonal regeneration and functional recovery after nervous system injury. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee at Soochow University, China (approval No. SUDA20200316A01).

Chinese Library Classification No.R456; R741; Q344+.14     

硅橡胶材料在牙周夹板修复治疗中的新应用

背景：牙周夹板临床应用较为广泛,国内外文献报告制作过程中通常使用楔子关闭邻间隙。目的：评价硅橡胶印模材料在黏接型牙周夹板修复治疗过程中的临床应用效果。方法：从临床中选取30例需进行黏接型牙周夹板修复治疗的中度慢性牙周炎患者,随机分为2组：实验组使用硅橡胶印模材料暂时关闭牙齿间隙,继而进行常规操作,并记录操作时间,夹板制作完成后,检查悬突发生率及咬合改变情况,同时使用目测类比评分表记录医患满意度,完成临床效果评价;对照组常规使用楔子辅助牙周夹板制作。结果与结论：同对照组相比,使用硅橡胶印模材关闭牙齿间隙后,悬突发生率明显降低,咬合较稳定,医生患者满意度较高,而操作时间并无明显延长。提示硅橡胶印模材料可以在黏接型牙周夹板修复治疗过程中作为一种辅助方法进行临床应用,在一定程度上,可以有效降低悬突发生率,稳定咬合关系,提高患者满意度。     

葡萄糖转运蛋白1和波形蛋白在肺癌胸水中的应用价值

目的:采用免疫细胞化学技术测定葡萄糖转运蛋白1(GLUT1)及波形蛋白(VM)在癌细胞中的定位表达,探讨GLUT1和VM在肺癌胸水中的应用价值。方法:以肺癌患者为研究对象,以肺癌性胸水为检测基础,收集胸水沉淀细胞,制成石蜡切块,采用免疫组化技术-链霉菌抗生物素-过氧化物霉法检测30例肺癌胸水和20例良性胸水中GLUT1和VM蛋白表达,统计单个及联合应用价值。结果:30例肺癌胸水中,GLUT1表达阳性的有25例(86.7%),良性胸水中间皮细胞VM表达阳性的有18例(90.0%),两种不同性质的胸水GLUT1和VM的阳性率表达均有差异(P<0.05),GLUT1和VM在肺癌胸水中表达呈负相关(P<0.05),两者联合诊断灵敏度为90%。结论:应用免疫组化方法检测肺癌胸水中GLUT1和VM蛋白表达,可提高肺癌早期诊断的灵敏度。     

Prostate volume as an independent predictor of prostate cancer in men with PSA of 10–50?ng ml?1

Prostate volume (PV) has been shown to be associated with prostate cancer (PCa) detection rates in men with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the ‘grey zone'' (2.0–10.0 ng ml⁻¹). However, the PSA ‘grey zone'' in Asian men should be higher because the incidence of PCa in Asian men is relatively low. Therefore, we evaluated the association between PV and PCa detection rates in men with PSAs measuring 10–50 ng ml⁻¹. Men who underwent a 13-core prostatic biopsy with PV documentation participated in the study. A multivariate stepwise regression was used to evaluate whether the PV at time of prostate biopsy could predict the risk of PCa. The rates of PCa among men in different PSA ranges, stratified by PV medians (<60 and ≥60 ml), were calculated. There were 261 men included in the final analysis. PV was the strongest predictor of PCa risk (odds ratio, 0.02; P<0.001) compared to other variables. The PCa rates in men with PVs measuring <60 and ≥60 ml in the 10–19.9 ng ml⁻¹ PSA group were 40.6% and 15.1%, respectively, while the rates for men with PSAs measuring 20–50 ng ml⁻¹ were 65.1% and 26.8%. PV is an independent predictor of PCa in men with PSA measuring 10–50 ng ml⁻¹. In clinical practice, particularly for those countries with lower incidences of PCa, PV should be considered when counselling patients with PSAs measuring 10–50 ng ml⁻¹ regarding their PCa risks.     

胃粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床特点分析

目的总结胃粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤(MALT)临床特征、内镜特点及治疗,提高诊断率。方法收集我院2008年12月～2012年8月收治的6例MALT淋巴瘤患者临床资料,对其临床、内镜特点、病理资料和治疗方面进行回顾性分析。结果胃MALT淋巴瘤临床表现无明显特异性,误诊率高(3/6)。以上腹痛多见(3/6),内镜下以溃疡型多见,病理类型为B细胞型淋巴瘤,治疗多行手术治疗(4/6),配合抗HP、放化疗。结论早期需提高对胃MALT淋巴瘤的认识,降低误诊率。抗HP治疗发挥重要作用。     

Characteristic Echocardiographic Manifestations of Behçet's Disease

The objective of this study was to determine the characteristic echocardiographic manifestations of Behçet's disease. Ninety-seven Behçet's patients admitted to our hospital from January 2002 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 63 patients (64.9%) with cardiac involvement; these included 47 men (74.6%) and 16 women (25.4%). Of these 63 patients, most (74.6%) exhibited valvular lesions, especially aortic regurgitation. The primary characteristic manifestations of valves were cusp prolapse with aneurysmal changes, vegetation-like lesions and echo-free spaces within the annulus. Second (30.0%) were aortic lesions, including aortic dilation or aneurysm formation, aortic pseudoaneurysm and coronary sinus aneurysm. Other manifestations, such as cardiac thrombosis, coronary arterial pseudoaneurysm, pulmonary aneurysm and pericardial effusion, were rare. Cardiac involvement is not uncommon in Behçet's patients, especially in males, and it is characterized by valvular disease, especially aortic regurgitation. The diagnosis of Behçet's disease should be considered when evaluating patients with these characteristic echocardiographic manifestations.     

Purification and identification of a polysaccharide from medicinal mushroom Amauroderma rude with immunomodulatory activity and inhibitory effect on tumor growth

Medicinal mushrooms in recent years have been the subject of many experiments searching for anticancer properties. We previously screened thirteen mushrooms for their potential in inhibiting tumor growth, and found that the water extract of Amauroderma rude exerted the highest activity. Previous studies have shown that the polysaccharides contained in the water extract were responsible for the anticancer properties. This study was designed to explore the potential effects of the polysaccharides on immune regulation and tumor growth. Using the crude Amauroderma rude extract, in vitro experiments showed that the capacities of spleen lymphocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells were all increased. In vivo experiments showed that the extract increased macrophage metabolism, lymphocyte proliferation, and antibody production. In addition, the partially purified product stimulated the secretion of cytokines in vitro, and in vivo. Overall, the extract decreased tumor growth rates. Lastly, the active compound was purified and identified as polysaccharide F212. Most importantly, the purified polysaccharide had the highest activity in increasing lymphocyte proliferation. In summary, this molecule may serve as a lead compound for drug development.