Divergent Histopathological Networks of Frontotemporal Degeneration Proteinopathy Subytpes

Network analyses inform complex systems such as human brain connectivity, but this approach is seldom applied to gold-standard histopathology. Here, we use two complimentary computational approaches to model microscopic progression of the main subtypes of tauopathy versus TDP-43 proteinopathy in the human brain. Digital histopathology measures were obtained in up to 13 gray matter (GM) and adjacent white matter (WM) cortical brain regions sampled from 53 tauopathy and 66 TDP-43 proteinopathy autopsy patients. First, we constructed a weighted non-directed graph for each group, where nodes are defined as GM and WM regions sampled and edges in the graph are weighted using the group-level Pearson''s correlation coefficient for each pairwise node comparison. Additionally, we performed mediation analyses to test mediation effects of WM pathology between anterior frontotemporal and posterior parietal GM nodes. We find greater correlation (i.e., edges) between GM and WM node pairs in tauopathies compared with TDP-43 proteinopathies. Moreover, WM pathology strongly correlated with a graph metric of pathology spread (i.e., node-strength) in tauopathies (r = 0.60, p < 0.03) but not in TDP-43 proteinopathies (r = 0.03, p = 0.9). Finally, we found mediation effects for WM pathology on the association between anterior and posterior GM pathology in FTLD-Tau but not in FTLD-TDP. These data suggest distinct tau and TDP-43 proteinopathies may have divergent patterns of cellular propagation in GM and WM. More specifically, axonal spread may be more influential in FTLD-Tau progression. Network analyses of digital histopathological measurements can inform models of disease progression of cellular degeneration in the human brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this study, we uniquely perform two complimentary computational approaches to model and contrast microscopic disease progression between common frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) proteinopathy subtypes with similar clinical syndromes during life. Our models suggest white matter (WM) pathology influences cortical spread of disease in tauopathies that is less evident in TDP-43 proteinopathies. These data support the hypothesis that there are neuropathologic signatures of cellular degeneration within neurocognitive networks for specific protienopathies. These distinctive patterns of cellular pathology can guide future efforts to develop tissue-sensitive imaging and biological markers with diagnostic and prognostic utility for FTLD. Moreover, our novel computational approach can be used in future work to model various neurodegenerative disorders with mixed proteinopathy within the human brain connectome.     

海军基层军医素质构成与规范化培训需求调查研究

目的了解海军基层军医素质构成现状与规范化培训需求情况,为针对性开展基层军医规范化培训提供依据。方法选择海军某舰队基层军医为调查对象进行问卷调查,调查结果使用软件建立数据库并行统计学分析。结果海军基层军医以"医学专业操作技能"不能满足程度最高;工作能力、工作成绩、工作环境综合评分(7.97±1.55)处在中等水平;海军基层军医日常工作量较低,处置病种以上呼吸道感染、外伤和训练伤、皮肤病等为多见,心脑血管疾病、传染性疾病、消化系统疾病等规范诊治技术、海军基层部队配发仪器设备使用技能等亟待提高;71.13%海军基层军医认为非常有必要开展基层军医规范化培训,规范化培训适宜周期为1年,着重于临床分析和解决问题的能力培养(80.06%)、基本技能、动手能力的培养(67.56%)、综合知识面的拓展(56.55%)。结论海军基层军医素质能力相对薄弱,规范化培训现实需求迫切,建议科学设计其培养使用和管理机制,合理安排培训时间,优化规范化培训项目,逐步完善海军基层军医规范化培训体系建设,提高一线卫勤保障能力。     

Effect of cytokines on in vitro bone resorption by cells isolated from giant cell tumor of bone

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早期导尿管球囊扩张联合冰刺激治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍

目的 促进脑卒中患者吞咽功能的康复.方法 将首次发病的脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者60例随机分为扩张组和对照组各30例,对照组给予常规的药物治疗、功能锻炼,扩张组在此基础上,应用尿管球囊扩张环咽肌、冰水注入球囊刺激咽喉部.结果 扩张组留置胃管时间、住院时间显著短于对照组,吞咽功能康复疗效显著优于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 对脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者早期采取尿管球囊扩张联合冰刺激干预,可促进脑卒中患者吞咽功能康复,缩短住院时间.     

肝切除治疗肝内胆管结石疗效分析

目的 探讨肝内胆管结石外科治疗的方法及效果。方法 回顾分析1995年至2000年10月采用肝切除治疗肝内胆管结石44例。结果 肝内结石以左肝较多见,共40例占90．9％。肝切除以左外叶为主,术后残余结石13例占29．5％,复发结石1例,复发率2．3％。结论 肝段肝切除的联合手术能有效降低术后的残石发生、症状复发和再手术率,是当前治疗肝胆管结石并狭窄的首选术式。     

活化白细胞粘附分子在前列腺上皮内瘤和前列腺癌中的表达及意义

目的 :探讨活化白细胞粘附分子 (ALCAM)在前列腺上皮内瘤 (PIN)和前列腺癌中的表达及与前列腺癌临床病理特征的关系。　方法 :用免疫组化EnVisionTM方法检测ALCAM蛋白在 4 1例前列腺癌和癌旁PIN、良性腺上皮的表达情况。　结果 :ALCAM在前列腺腺上皮普遍表达 ,在大部分PIN和低分化的前列腺癌表达增加 ,在部分高分化前列腺癌出现表达降低。ALCAM蛋白表达与前列腺癌病理分级相关 ,与术前血清前列腺特异性抗原水平、肿瘤分期无相关性。　结论 :ALCAM在PIN和前列腺癌中存在表达紊乱 ,提示ALCAM在前列腺癌发生发展中起一定作用。     

体外循环心内直视手术期间机体内源性类洋地黄物质变化的临床研究

通过对１５例体外循环手术病人血浆内源性类洋地黄物质（ＥＤＬＳ）的测定，发现：（１）ＣＰＢ期间，以循环阻断后ＥＤＬＳ浓度最低，与术前比为０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５，其余各阶段ＥＤＬＳ水平与术前比，Ｐ＞０．０５。（２）循环阻断后和心脏复苏后，ＥＤＬＳ浓度均较低，与其他各阶段比较Ｐ＜０．０１或０．０１＜Ｐ＜０．０５。我们对上述变化的原因及临床意义进行了讨论。     

基于GEO数据库的IgA肾病基因的筛选和生物信息学分析

目的 通过生物信息学分析鉴定IgA肾病的生物标志物,旨在阐明IgA肾病疾病进展的可能分子机制.方法 从GEO数据库下载包含IgA肾病患者和健康对照的微阵列数据集GSE104948、GSE93798和GSE37460数据集,并使用limma R包进行分析,以获得差异表达基因.然后进行GO分析和KEGG通路富集分析,运用S...     

结核病区医务人员医用防护口罩佩戴现状及影响因素分析

目的了解结核病区医务人员医用防护口罩佩戴状况及影响因素,为有针对性地做好职业防护提供参考。方法对广州军区5所三甲综合性医院的结核病区195名医务人员采用自行设计的问卷进行佩戴医用防护口罩行为现状调查,分析医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩行为的影响因素。结果结核病区医护人员佩戴医用防护口罩的行为得分为(17.93±3.37)分,结核病区医护人员佩戴医用防护口罩细节行为条目得分较低;职业、教育培训、监管机制、经济因素是结核病区医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩行为的主要影响因素(P0.05,P0.01)。结论结核病区医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩的主动意识较强,但较易忽视佩戴的细节行为。职业防护须重视细节行为,加大教育培训、双重监管和经济投入力度,以预防结核病医院感染,促进医务人员职业防护。     

Prostate cancer metastasis: role of the host microenvironment in promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition and increased bone and adrenal gland metastasis

BACKGROUND: The ARCaP cell line was established from the ascites fluid of a patient with metastatic prostate cancer. This study characterized the host microenvironmental role in cancer progression, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and bone and adrenal metastasis in parental ARCaP and its derived cell subclones. METHODS: Cytogenetic profiles, growth, migration, invasion, cellular interaction, drug sensitivities, and gene expression of ARCaP cell subclones were compared. In vivo gene expression, behavior, and metastasis of ARCaP subclones were analyzed by serial intracardiac injections into SCID mice. RESULTS: ARCaP(E) cells, with cobblestone morphology, underwent EMT through cellular interaction with host bone and adrenal gland. Lineage-derived ARCaP(M) cells, with spindle-shape fibroblastic morphology, exhibited decreased cell adhesion and increased metastasis to bone and adrenal gland. Cytogenetic analyses of parental and ARCaP subclones confirmed their clonality. CONCLUSIONS: ARCaP uniquely models the molecular basis of prostate cancer bone and adrenal metastases and epithelial to mesenchymal transition.