Rh血型系统阴性血型筛查及其临床意义

目的 筛查Rh血型系统Rh(D)、Rh(E)、Rh(C)阴性血型,为临床预防溶血性输血反应及新生儿溶血性疾病的发生提供实验依据.方法 用微柱凝胶法对11 035例作ABO血型鉴定标本同时进行Rh血型系统Rh(D)、Rh(E)、Rh(C)阴性血型筛查.结果 Rh(D)抗原阴性23例,检出率为0.21%;Rh(E)抗原阴性...     

中低频电疗加中药直流电导入治疗颈椎病的体会

目的通过中低频电疗并中药直流电导入治疗颈椎病,研究颈椎病的较佳疗法。方法采用中低频电疗与中药复方制剂直流电导入的综合治疗法,对6 000例颈椎病患者进行治疗观察,并以单纯中低频电疗法治疗颈椎病1 000例作对照,对两组的疗效进行评定,统计数据经χ2检验。结果综合治疗组治愈率为20%,总有效率为100%;对照组治愈率为9.3%,总有效率为97.3%。综合治疗组疗效明显优于对照组（χ2=461.3,P〈0.01）。结论中低频电疗加中药直流电导入综合疗法,可使颈椎病治疗效果显著提高,具有积极的临床应用及推广价值。     

急诊护士工作家庭冲突现状及平衡策略

[目的]了解急诊护士工作-家庭冲突的现状,探讨工作和家庭平衡策略。[方法]采用工作-家庭冲突量表进行调查对130名急诊护士和130名普通科室护士进行工作家庭冲突情况调查。[结果]急诊护士工作-家庭冲突方向的得分及工作家庭冲突总分均高于普通科室护士（P〈0.05）;急诊护士工作-家庭冲突总分及各维度得分均高于家庭-工作冲突得分（P均〈0.05）;急诊护士工作-家庭冲突中时间维度得分最高,其次为压力维度得分。[结论]急诊护士感知的工作家庭冲突高于普通病房护士,且主要来自于工作-家庭冲突方向;急诊护士感知的工作-家庭冲突较家庭-工作冲突更显著;在急诊护士的工作-家庭冲突中,时间因素占首位,其次为压力和行为因素。护理管理者应重视急诊护士的工作家庭冲突,并采取切实有效的平衡策略以降低工作和家庭生活的冲突。     

DKK1在胶质瘤中的表达分析及其与肿瘤恶性程度的相关性

背景与目的：DKK基因在胶质瘤中的表达及意义尚不清楚,本研究检测分析胶质瘤中DKK1的表达情况及探讨与胶质瘤级别之间的关系。方法：ELISA、免疫组织化学检测培养细胞株/系、脑脊液、血清和胶质瘤组织标本中的蛋白表达,半定量RT-PCR检测DKK1胶质瘤培养细胞中培养细胞株/系、胶质瘤组织标本基因表达,统计不同级别胶质瘤间DKK1表达的差异。结果：ELISA检测结果示高级别胶质瘤细胞组中DKK1蛋白量显著高于低级别胶质瘤细胞及正常对照组（P〈0.05）。脑脊液中胶质瘤组DKK1含量显著高于神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组;血清中胶质瘤组、神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组之间DKK1含量差异均未见统计学意义。免疫组织化学结果显示胶质瘤组织中DKK1阳性率（91.5%,43/47）高于正常脑组织中阳性率（18.1%,2/11）,且DKK1在胶质瘤组织中的表达与肿瘤病理分级呈正相关。半定量RT-PCR结果显示胶质母细胞瘤细胞株/系的DKK1基因扩增产物均有特异性条带,SHG44、D341和正常对照组人脑星形胶质细胞则无;胶质瘤组织中灰度值高于正常组织,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：DKK1在胶质瘤中高表达,且随着肿瘤级别的增高而增高;胶质瘤脑脊液中DKK1含量显著高于神经系统良性肿瘤组及正常对照组,可作为胶质瘤鉴别诊断指标。     

Functional analysis of bladder cancer-related protein gene: a putative cervical cancer tumor suppressor gene in cervical carcinoma.

Our previous study has suggested thatthe bladder cancer-associated protein gene (BLCAP) was among the differentially expressed genes in cervical cancer. We confirm here that BLCAP is expressed in all noncancerous cervical tissues (10/10), but it is greatly lost in primary cervical cancer tissue (31/39). In order to further investigate the functional roles of BLCAP, we stably transfected BLCAP cDNA into HeLa cells. The HeLa cells expressing BLCAP show reduced cell growth and clone genicity compared to the vector-transfected cognate cells. BLCAP expression in HeLa cells leads to growth arrest and significantly enhanced apoptosis in vitro and reduced tumor formation in vivo. Thus, BLCAP might be a potential tumor suppressor gene in cervical carcinoma.     

基于MRI动态图像观察吞咽时器官动度对头颈部肿瘤调强放疗靶区影响

目的 利用MRI技术连续采集头颈部肿瘤患者吞咽时图像,观察并测量软腭、舌、喉的运动规律及最大活动度。方法 随机选取2018年7月-10月在中国医学科学院肿瘤医院接受调强放疗的原发头颈部恶性肿瘤20例患者,其中男17例、女3例,中位年龄58.5岁(28~78岁)。20例患者中鼻咽癌7例,口腔癌3例,口咽癌5例,下咽癌3例,鼻腔鼻旁窦2例。根据AJCC第八版分期Ⅰ-Ⅱ期患者2例,Ⅲ期8例,Ⅳ期10例。结果 吞咽时软腭向上移动移动距离为(1.06±0.31) cm且服从正态分布,向后移动距离为(0.83±0.24) cm且近似正态分布。舌体向后移动距离为(0.77±0.22) cm,且服从正态分布。含压舌板行图像采集患者舌上移位移为0,无压舌板患者舌体中位上移距离为1.23 cm (0.59~1.41 cm)。喉向上移动距离为(1.14±0.22) cm且服从正态分布,向前移动的中位距离为0.4 cm (0.27~0.90 cm)。结论 吞咽运动有可能发生于头颈部肿瘤患者放疗过程中,并引起大体肿瘤体积(GTV)及周围正常组织移动;因此在制定放疗计划时应注意GTV至PGTV的个体化外放距离,以保证肿瘤处方剂量。     

Long Noncoding RNA WEE2-AS1 Plays an Oncogenic Role in Glioblastoma by Functioning as a Molecular Sponge for MicroRNA-520f-3p

The long noncoding RNA WEE2 antisense RNA 1 (WEE2-AS1) plays an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma and triple negative breast cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the expression and roles of WEE2-AS1 in glioblastoma (GBM). Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms behind the oncogenic actions of WEE2-AS1 in GBM cells were explored in detail. WEE2-AS1 expression was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The roles of WEE2-AS1 in GBM cells were evaluated by the cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometric analysis, Transwell cell migration and invasion assays, and tumor xenograft experiments. WEE2-AS1 expression was evidently enhanced in GBM tissues and cell lines compared with their normal counterparts. An increased level of WEE2-AS1 was correlated with the average tumor diameter, Karnofsky Performance Scale score, and shorter overall survival among GBM patients. Functionally, depleted WEE2-AS1 attenuated GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, promoted cell apoptosis, and impaired tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, WEE2-AS1 functioned as a molecular sponge for microRNA- 520f-3p (miR-520f-3p) and consequently increased specificity protein 1 (SP1) expression in GBM cells. A series of recovery experiments revealed that the inhibition of miR-520f-3p and upregulation of SP1 could partially abrogate the influences of WEE2-AS1 downregulation on GBM cells. In conclusion, WEE2-AS1 can adsorb miR-520f-3p to increase endogenous SP1 expression, thereby facilitating the malignancy of GBM. Therefore, targeting the WEE2-AS1–miR-520f-3p–SP1 pathway might be a promising therapy for the management of GBM in the future.     

盐霉素对鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的:体外实验研究盐霉素对鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞放射敏感性的影响。方法:通过CCK-8法检测盐霉素作用后鼻咽癌CNE-2细胞的增殖情况。利用克隆集落形成实验观察鼻咽癌细胞成活情况,单击多靶模型拟合剂量存活曲线,计算放射增敏指数（SER）;Chou-Talalay数学模型绘制联合指数（CI）曲线,判断盐霉素和放射的作用关系。利用γ-H2AX焦点形成检测DNA分子损伤情况。结果:盐霉素能够抑制鼻咽癌细胞的增殖,并且具有明显的时间和剂量依赖性;盐霉素作用鼻咽癌细胞的IC50值在24 h时为17.81 μmol/L,48 h时为3.98 μmol/L。根据单击多靶模型拟合细胞的存活曲线,可知在鼻咽癌细胞CNE-2中盐霉素浓度为0.1 μmol/L和0.5 μmol/L时SER分别为1.19和1.21,均大于1.0,表明盐霉素对鼻咽癌细胞具有明显的放射增敏作用。制作联合指数（CI）曲线,可知在盐霉素浓度为0.1 μmol/L时,放射剂量为2 Gy时,CI值≈1,盐霉素和放射对CNE-2的作用接近相加作用,放射剂量为4、6、8 Gy时,CI值均＜1,二者为协同作用;在盐霉素浓度为0.5 μmol/L时,放射剂量为2、4、6、8 Gy时,CI值均＜1,二者均为协同作用。相对于照射组,盐霉素+照射组能增加DNA损伤数目。结论:盐霉素能提高鼻咽癌细胞的放射敏感性,为一种潜在的放射增敏药物。     

Preliminary study on clinicopathological features of renal mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma北大核心CSCD

Objective: To explore the clinicopathological features and prognosis of mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma (MTSCC) of the kidney in order to improve the understanding of the tumor. Methods: The clinical and pathological information of 15 patients with MTSCC in 7 hospitals were retrospectively collected and analyzed from July 2010 to July 2018. The sections were reviewed by two high-seniority pathologists. The EnVision two-step immunohistochemical staining technique was used to detect the expressions of villin, cytokeratin 7 (CK7), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR), transducin-like enhancer of split 1 (TLE1), hepatocyte nuclear factor-1p (HNF-1p)and kidney specific calcium binding protein (Ksp-cadherin). The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to detect the synovial sarcoma translocation (SYT)-synovial sarcoma X chromosome breakpoint (SSX) fusion gene in the patients with sarcomatoid changes and positive immunohistochemical staining of TLE1. Finally, the prognostic data of all patients and the relevant literature were reviewed. Results: Among 15 patients with MTSCC, seven of the patients were male and the other eight were female, with an average age of 62 years (ranging from 48 to 75 years). The tumors were found by chance in 12 patients during physical examination, and the other 3 patients developed clinical symptoms such as frequent urine pain or hematuria, including 1 patient with a history of renal calculi for 15 years. The cut surface of tumor is firm and grey or yellow. Except for 2 cases, the majority of tumors were well-circumscribed. Microscopically, 1 case showed neoplastic necrosis, 13 cases showed a mixture of mucinous stroma, tubules and spindle cells, 1 case was mainly composed of spindle cells and mucus, and 1 case was mainly composed of tubule and mucus. Some tumors were with obvious clear cytoplasmic changes, and two cases were accompanied by sarcomatoid differentiation. The immunohistochemical results showed that the positive rates of villin, CK7, EMA, AMACR, TLE1, HNF-1 p and Ksp-cadherin were 20.0% (3/15), 80.0% (12/15), 93.3% (14/15), 80.0% (12/15), 20.0% (3/15), 20.0% (3/15), 93.3% (14/15) and 13.3% (2/15), respectively; the result of FISH excluded synovial sarcoma. Eight patients were followed up wihout other treatment after operation. Bone metastasis occurred in half a year after operation in one patient with follow-up information, while no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastases was identified in the other 7 patients until now. Conclusion: A few cases of MTSCC can metastasize and belong to malignant tumors. The positive expressions of AMACR, CK7 and villin in some cases suggests that the tumor has both proximal and distal renal tubular origins. The positive expression of HNF-ip is correlated with the histological characteristics of MTSCC clear cytoplasm. © 2019 by TUMOR. All rights reserved.     

雌激素受体水平测定与青年乳腺癌的预后

 目的　探讨研究雌激素受体(ER)水平对青年乳腺癌预后的影响及术后治疗的指导作用。方法　根据ER水平,将收治的78例35岁以下青年女性原发乳腺癌分成ER(+)和ER(-)两组。按Kaplan-Meier法计算。并按时序检验比较两组生存曲线的趋势。结果　ER(+)组48例,中位随访时间95个月(13～120月),13例出现复发转移,复发转移率为27.1%(13/48)。ER(-)组30例,中位随访时间为65个月(1～120月),16例出现复发转移,复发转移率为53.3%(16/30)。ER(+)组术后复发转移率明显低于ER(-)组(P<0.05)。结论　ER是青年女性乳腺癌术后的一个重要预后参考因素。ER(+)组10年无病生存率明显高于ER(-)组。