苦瓜蛋白对柯萨奇B3病毒性心肌炎小鼠半胱天冬酶3活性及凋亡的抑制作用

为研究苦瓜蛋白对凋亡的关键酶半胱天冬酶 3及凋亡的调节作用 ,用已经建立起来的方法从苦瓜果肉中提取苦瓜蛋白。将BALB/C小鼠分为 4组 :病毒对照组、正常对照组、药物对照组和药物治疗组 ,分别在第 0天、第 3天、第 7天和第 14天各处死 5只小鼠 ,第 2 1天全部处死动物 ,心肌组织半胱天冬酶 3活性测定按照CAL BIOCHEM公司的试剂说明书进行 ,并稍加改正 ,凋亡鉴定按照Oncogene公司的TdT DNA裂解片断末端原位标记试剂说明书进行。结果发现 ,①病毒对照组第 7天开始出现半胱天冬酶 3活性 (0 .6 3± 0 .2 1pmol/min ,n =5 ) ,第 14天的活性 (10 .9± 1.5pmol/min ,n =5 )显著高于第 7天 ,第 2 1天的活性 (12 .6± 1.3pmol/min ,n =5 )又高于第 14天。②药物治疗组 ,只有一个第 2 1天的标本有半胱天冬酶 3活性 (0 .4 1pmol/min) ,其它两组均未检测到此酶的活性。③DNA裂解片断末端原位标记法发现 ,病毒对照组在第 7天心肌中有少数细胞凋亡 ,第 14天、第 2 1天凋亡细胞明显增多 ,在非病变区域可发现单个凋亡的心肌细胞。治疗组未发现凋亡细胞 ,其它两组也未发现凋亡细胞。结果提示 ,CVB3病毒性心肌炎中发现有明显的凋亡现象 ,凋亡和半胱天冬酶 3发现于第 7天 ,且随着时间增加而逐渐加重(增强 ) ;苦瓜蛋白可显     

Barrett＇s esophagus and its correlation with gastroesophageal reflux in Chinese

AIM- To study the prevalence of Barrett‘s esophagus in Chinese and its correlation with gastroesophageal reflux. METHODS: This study was carded out in a large prospective series of 391 patients who had undergone upper endoscopy. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the position of squamocolumnar junction (SC3). Reflux esophagitis (RE) and its degree were recorded. Intestinal metaplasia (IM) in biopsy specimen was typed according to histochemistry and HE and alcian blue (pH2.5) staining separately. Results correlating with clinical, endoscopic, and pathological data were analysed. RESULTS: The prevalence of IM endoscopically appearing Long-segment Barrett‘s Esophagus (LSBE) was 26.53%, Short-segment Barrett‘s Esophagus (SSBE) was 33.85% and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) was 34.00%. IM increased with age of above 40 years old and no difference was found between male and female. Twelve were diagnosed as dysplasia (7 low -grade, 5 high-grade), 16 were diagnosed as cardiac adenocarcinoma and 1 as esophageal adenocarcinoma. The more far away the SCJ moved upward above GEJ, the higher the prevalence and the more severe the RE were. CONCLUSION: There was no difference of the prevalence of IM in different places of SCJ, and IM increased with age of above 40 years old. It is important to pay attention to dysplasia in the distal esophagus and gastro-esophageal junction, and adenocarcinoma is more common in cardia than in esophagus. BE is a consequence of gastroesophageal reflux disease.     

狼疮性肾病患者与红细胞补体受体Ⅰ型分子基因型相关性研究

采用 PCR和 Hind 酶切技术以及酶联法定量测定狼疮性肾炎 (L N)患者、非 L N患者及正常人的红细胞补体受体一型分子 (CR1 )数量。结果示 L N患者红细胞 CR1 分子密度相关基因型高表达较非 L N患者及正常人明显下降 ,中、低表达明显升高 (P<0 .0 5～ 0 .0 1) ;L N患者 CR1 分子的数量表达全部低于非 L N患者及正常人平均水平 (P<0 .0 0 1) ,并且 CR1 分子数量表达的变化与病情活动度呈明显相关。认为 :对 L N患者进行红细胞CR1 分子定量测定 ,对临床诊断和病情判定具有重要参考价值 ,对探讨 L N病因也有很大的启示。     

Venous diethylene glycol poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease in China

AIM： To analyze the clinical presentation of venous diethylene glycol （DEG） poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease and factors that correlate with DEG poisoning. METHODS： Retrospective chart review was performed to analyze the epidemiology, clinical presentation, hepatorenal functions, hemodynamics and pathological characteristics of 64 patients with severe liver disease who received intravenous armillarisin-A, the solvent of which was DEG. Comparative analyses of correlating factors and causes for poisoning were based on the presence or absence of poisoning. RESULTS： Of the 64 patients who received armillarisin-A, 15 were found to have DEG poisoning. Twelve poisoned patients died. After a mean of 5 d, the poisoned patients displayed acute renal failure. Metabolic acidosis occurred in 13 cases. BUN, Cr, and CO2 values were significantly elevated and exacerbation of digestive tract symptoms and/or symptom was noted in 11 cases. Neurological system impairment was observed in 10 cases after 2 wk. Compared to the 49 non-poisoned patients, the poisoned patients exhibited significantly lower RBC and Hb values and higher WBC count. Renal biopsy from the poisoned patients revealed acute tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis. Significant differences in preexisting severe hepatitis, ascites, renal disease, and diuretic therapy were found between groups. Prior to diethylene glycol injections, the mean values for neutral granular cells, BUN, Cr, calcium and phosphorous ions differed significantly between groups. CONCLUSION： Venous diethylene glycol poisoning is characterized by oliguric acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, digestive symptoms, nervous system impairment, and a high probability of anemia and WBC proliferation. Mortality is high. Correlative factors include preexisting severe liver disease, renal disease, and infection.     

血乳酸水平对重症手足口病患儿病情及预后评估的意义

目的:探讨早期血乳酸水平监测对重症手足口病患儿病情及预后评估的意义。方法:选取2012年1月至2013年12月湖南省儿童医院收治的重症手足口病住院患儿362例,按是否发生脑干脑炎分为危重症组68例和非危重症组294例,按不同预后分为死亡组25例和非死亡组337例。入院时检测血乳酸水平,观察脑干脑炎、肺水肿、肺出血和循环衰竭并发症发生情况,比较不同预后患儿血乳酸水平的差异并分析血乳酸水平对诊断各类并发症的影响。结果:危重症组患儿血乳酸水平为(3.97±3.77)mmol/L,非危重症组为(1.46±0.80)mmol/L,死亡组血乳酸水平为(5.67±4.10)mmol/L,非死亡组为(1.47±0.86)mmol/L,危重症组及死亡组均明显高于非危重症组及非死亡组(P<0.05)。以血乳酸3.2 mmol/L为界值,>3.2 mmol/L组脑干脑炎、肺水肿、循环衰竭、肺出血发生率和病死率较≤3.2 mmol/L组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血乳酸水平诊断肺出血、循环衰竭、预后是否死亡的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.81(0.70,0.92)、0.82(0.74,0.94)、0.85(0.74,0.96);血乳酸水平以3.2 mmol/L为界值时,最大约登指数为1.69,对预测发生肺水肿、肺出血、循环衰竭和死亡具有较高的敏感度和特异度。结论:血乳酸水平可反映重症手足口病患儿病情严重程度。入院血乳酸水平>3.2 mmol/L的重症手足口病患儿可能发生肺水肿、肺出血和循环衰竭等严重并发症,甚至死亡。     

Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic promotes the sense of professional identity among nurses

BackgroundUnder the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses are the mainstay in the fight against the pandemic.PurposeTo evaluate potential impact of the pandemic on nurses’ professional identity.MethodSelf-report questionnaires were distributed online. Data collected were compared with available norms. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to calculate the OR of frontline vs. nonfrontline nurses.FindingsThe mean of the total score of the scale was 121.12 out of 150. Both the total score and scores on the five dimensions were significantly higher than norms. Frontline nurses had a significantly higher professional identity than non-frontline nurses (total score: odds ratio [OR], 1.19; professional identity evaluation: OR, 1.27; professional social support: OR, 1.18; professional social proficiency: OR, 1.33; and dealing with professional frustration: OR, 1.19). The most frequently mentioned tags were Hope, Frontline, Protection, Outbreak, Work, Situation.DiscussionCOVID-19 outbreak was associated with an enhancement in the professional identity of nurses.     

Metallothionein 1 h tumour suppressor activity in prostate cancer is mediated by euchromatin methyltransferase 1

Metallothioneins (MTs) are a group of metal binding proteins thought to play a role in the detoxification of heavy metals. Here we showed by microarray and validation analyses that MT1h, a member of MT, is down‐regulated in many human malignancies. Low expression of MT1h was associated with poor clinical outcomes in both prostate and liver cancer. We found that the promoter region of MT1h was hypermethylated in cancer and that demethylation of the MT1h promoter reversed the suppression of MT1h expression. Forced expression of MT1h induced cell growth arrest, suppressed colony formation, retarded migration, and reduced invasion. SCID mice with tumour xenografts with inducible MT1h expression had lower tumour volumes as well as fewer metastases and deaths than uninduced controls. MT1h was found to interact with euchromatin histone methyltransferase 1 (EHMT1) and enhanced its methyltransferase activity on histone 3. Knocking down of EHMT1 or a mutation in MT1h that abrogates its interaction with EHMT1 abrogated MT1h tumour suppressor activity. This demonstrates tumour suppressor activity in a heavy metal binding protein that is dependent on activation of histone methylation. Copyright © 2013 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MicroRNA-21 in Scleroderma Fibrosis and its Function in TGF-β- Regulated Fibrosis-Related Genes Expression

Uncontrolled fibrosis in multiple organs is the main cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) activation plays a fundamental role in the process. Our previous study demonstrated that miR-21 was significantly up-regulated in SSc fibroblasts. Here, we found that TGF-β regulated the expression of miR-21 and fibrosis-related genes, and decreased Smad7 expression. Over-expression of miR-21 in fibroblasts decreased the levels of Smad7, whereas knockdown of miR-21 increased its expression. Further study using a reporter gene assay demonstrated Smad7 was a direct target of miR-21. Similar to human SSc, the expression of miR-21 increased in the bleomycin induced skin fibrosis. Inhibition of fibrosis by treatment with anti-fibrosis drug bortezomib restored the levels of miR-21 and Smad7. MiR-21 may function in an amplifying circuit to enhance TGF-β signaling events in SSc fibrosis, and suggesting that miR-21 may act as a potential therapeutic target.     

Introduction to the Special Issue: 2020 Pacific Rim New Horizons in Human Brain Imaging: Neuroimaging across the Lifespan

Brain Imaging and Behavior -     

D‐A Conjugated Polymers Based on Tetracyclic Acceptor Units: Synthesis and Application in Organic Solar Cells

Two electron‐deficient tetracyclic monomers, 6,9‐dibromo‐7,8‐bis(octyloxy)‐11H‐indeno[2,1‐b] quinoxalin‐11‐one ( M1 ) and 1,3‐bis(5′‐bromo‐4′‐hexylthiophen‐2‐yl)‐9H‐indeno[1,2‐b]thieno[3,4‐e]pyrazin‐9‐one ( M2 ), are synthesized through condensation of ninhydrin with aromatic diamines in good yields. Copolymerization of M1 with thiophene (Th) and dithieno[3,2‐b:2′,3′‐d]silole (DTS), and M2 with DTS affords three new D–A conjugated copolymers, P1 – P3, respectively . The optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties of P1–P3 are investigated. P3 exhibits a broad absorption (300–1100 nm) and a low bandgap of 1.24 eV. Solar cells based on P3 /[6,6]‐phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₁BM) blends afford a power conversion efficiency of 1.93% and a very broad spectral response (300–1020 nm).