DEVELOPMENT OF INDICATORS TO MEASURE

This paper describes a study to capture the key roles and activities of nephrology nurses across different countries in Europe. The concept of the study and the need to clarify the activities of the nephrology nurse arose as part of a larger study to develop the European Practice Database (EPD) (1). The Research Board (EDTNA/ERCA) needed to identify key questions that would detect significant differences in the role and responsibilities of nephrology nurses in different countries and monitor the evolution over time of nephrology nursing practice in Europe. It was therefore appropriate to devise a separate small study to generate evidence based questions for the EPD and confirm the reliability and usefulness of the information captured.     

受控型蜕皮激素诱导表达截短型hIGF-Ⅰ转基因载体的构建及其在细胞水平上的有效性检测

目的：构建一种可以在哺乳动物细胞中蜕皮激素诱导表达截短型hIGF-Ⅰ的受控型转基因载体，为制备受控型蜕皮激素诱导表达截短型MGF-Ⅰ的转基因小鼠奠定基础。方法：利用分子克隆技术构建受控型蜕皮激素诱导表达截短型hIGF-Ⅰ的转基因载体；将其电转至AM1菌中，利用其中的Cre重组酶将载体上两个同向LoxP序更锚定的新霉素（neomycin）基因删除，解除其对蜕皮激素诱导表达系统的阻断作用，利用PCR、酶切和测序鉴定删除情况；将重组后的载体转染至COS7细胞中进行瞬间表达，蜕皮激素诱导后回收培养上清和细胞裂解物进行Western印迹分析，检测hIGF-Ⅰ的表达情况。结果和结论：成功构建大小为13．6kb的转基因载体pOE-IGF-Ⅰ；转化至AM1中后，PCR、酶切和测序的结果都证明其中的Cre酶能够将载体上neomycin基因删除；重组后的载体转染至COS7细胞中进行诱导表达，Western印迹实验证明截短型MGF-Ⅰ能够在COS7细胞中顺利表达。上述结果证明该蜕皮激素诱导表达截短型hIGF-Ⅰ的受控型转基因载体能够用于转基因小鼠的制备。     

Optimal SPECT processing and display: Making bad studies look good to get the right answer

Conclusion  Several quality-control measures take place before (patient and camera preparation) and during SPECT acquisition to achieve high-quality images. Not uncommonly, technologists and physicians are left with suboptimal images that have to be addressed to reach the “right answer” for patient diagnosis and hence management. In many cases patients may be reimaged, especially if the problem is detected early, but in other cases either the patient has left the nuclear laboratory or there is an inevitable problem that, even with reimaging, will not be resolved. In these situations the technologist and physician have to seek the available techniques to obtain the best images possible. These resources are discussed in this issue as an aid in quality control to obtain the best possible images.     

Salvage of a failed valgus osteotomy for non-union of an unstable pertrochanteric fracture

Salvage of a failed valgus osteotomy for nonunion of an unstable pertrochanteric fracture is reported. A valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy was performed for a failed sliding hip screw fixation of an unstable pertrochanteric fracture at another institution. Four months following osteotomy, the fracture was still un-united with two distal screws of the hip plate broken and a coxa vara deformity. Reconstruction was performed with a nine-hole 95° angle blade plate and cancellous bone graft, because the insufficient fixation of the distal fragment was considered to be the main reason for failure. The osteotomy was healed at six months post-surgery and the patient reported complete resolution of symptoms. Intertrochanteric valgus osteotomy is an effective procedure for mal-union and non-union of pertrochanteric fracture but stable fixation is required for a good result. The blade of the angle plate offers good purchase of the proximal fragment and secures it under rotational and bending stresses. We recommend that distal fragments should be fixed with at least seven cortices for this type of osteotomy.     

应用64层CT一次扫描完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性初步研究

目的研究64层CT一次扫描同时完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性。方法96例患者均行MSCT心脏成像扫描和MR心脏检查,数据分别按照冠脉成像和心功能分析要求进行重建和后处理,评估。结果1271段冠脉血管中有约99%血管显示清晰,达到诊断要求;心功能分析数据左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室每搏输出量(LVSV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室心肌容积(LVMV)与MR相关数据的相关系数分别为0.84、0.91、0.94、0.89、0.88。结论MSCT可以在一次扫描中完成冠脉成像和心功能数据采集,具有极高应用价值。