改变产妇体位矫正胎方位170例临床观察

目的 探讨产程中改变产妇体位以矫正胎位的临床效果。方法 选择潜伏期经内诊或B超确诊为枕后位的初产妇170例,随机分成研究组和对照组,各85例。研究组在产程中指导产妇取侧俯卧位,对照组孕妇任意体位。结果 研究组72例(84.71％)胎儿从枕后位转至枕前位经阴道娩出。剖宫产13例,占15.29％,对照组经阴道娩出仅28例,22.94％,剖宫产57例,67.06％。两组比较,P<0.01),差异有非常显著性。两组产程比较,P<0.01,差异有极显著性。结论 在产程中指导产妇取胎儿脊柱侧行同侧侧俯卧位矫正胎头枕后位可降低难产发生率及剖宫产率,有助于提高分娩质量。     

34例白血病患者血小板聚集和释放功能测定及临床意义

应用全血血小板聚集仪阻抗法对34例白血病患者的血小板聚集和 ATP 释放进行了同步测定。结果表明:白血病患者的血小板聚集和 ATP 释放明显低于正常。提示白血病患者不仅有血小板投量减少,亦存在其聚集及释放功能的障碍。     

DNA探针的高效标记和哺乳动物细胞转化子的检测

本实验采用随机引物法标记探针DNA.探针DNA加热变性成单链,以单链DNA为模板,六聚脱氧核苷酸为引物,在DNA多聚酶I大片段的作用下进行放射性标记.标记探针的比放射性达10~8cpm/μg DNA以上.放射性底物的掺入率为60%.用该方法标记的人高度重复顺序探针,可以检出微微克水平的阳性分子.与人HeLa S_3细胞DNA转化的小鼠LTK~+细胞DNA打点杂交呈阳性,与未经转化的小鼠LTK~-细胞DNA杂交为阴性,证明小鼠转化细胞中存在HeLa细胞DNA,DNA转化是成功的.     

脑梗塞患者血清叶酸维生素B12浓度与同型半胱氨酸及血脂水平的研究

目的探讨本地区脑梗塞患者的血清叶酸、维生素B12（VitB12）与同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平及血脂水平的关系。方法应用全自动化学发光免疫法测定115例脑梗塞患者血清叶酸、维生素B12水平，采用荧光定量分析法测定血清同型半胱氨酸水平，采用免疫比浊法测定血脂水平。结果脑梗塞患者血清叶酸水平明显低于对照组（P〈0．001），血清Hcy及甘油三酯（TG）水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），而维生素B12及其余所测血脂指标与健康对照组无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论即时监测血清叶酸、Hcy及TG水平，适当补充叶酸，可早期预防和及时治疗脑血管疾病，降低脑梗塞的发生率及复发率。     

红外热像图在神经外科疾病中应用价值的评价

目的 评价红外热像图在神经外科疾病中应用的价值。方法 应用红外热像图对39例脊髓损伤患者进行躯体温度监测，对31例颅内肿瘤、76例脑梗死、2480例头痛、21例头面部血管瘤进行头部温度监测。结果 红外热像图监测脊髓损伤39例，测出脊髓损伤平面上下无温差14例，平面以下温度增高1-3℃ 13例，下降1-3℃ 12例。经大网膜脊髓移植手术13例，术前脊髓损伤平面以下34℃，术后1个月复查皮肤温度，上升至35℃并伴有麻胀和皮肤湿润感7例，皮肤温度下降0．6℃者6例。热像图可显示血管性头痛颞部高温区，眶上神经痛同侧前额部皮肤低温区，枕大神经痛同侧枕颈部热区；热像图可显示梗死侧有低温区；显示颅内肿瘤颈外血管供血情况；基本上能反映头面部血管瘤血管侵及范围。结论 红外热像图在神经外科有其独特的价值，本技术具有无创、可重复、价廉和检查的非接触性等优点，反映组织代谢活跃状态与程度，是CT等形态学诊断方法的补充，在医学科学的研究和临床应用中具有很大的潜力。     

Application of trans-abdominal chorionic villus sampling in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal diseases in first trimester of gestation

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility and safety of prenatal diagnosis by traneabdominal chorionic villus sam-pling(TA-CVS)via the guidance of B-mode ultrasound in the first trimester of gestation.To explore the technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi in early pregnancy.To evaluate the feasibility of the above techniques in the application of the prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis.Methods:One hundred and thirty-five singleton pregnancies at risk were referred from January 2001 to Decem-ber 2007.Results:The average maternal age was 35.2 years.TA-CVS was performed in the 10～13th weeks of gestation and the average gestational age was 10.89 weeks.All attempts at sampling were successful.The rate of operation-associated fetal loss was 0.74%.The failure rate of prenatal diagnosis because of inadequate amount of specimen was 0.The average culture time was 5-7 days.The success rate of the cell culture was 98.5%.No maternal con-temination and bacterial contamination happened.Fifteen cases of abnormal karyotype and one case of confined pla-cantel mosaiciem were diagnosed.Conclusion:TA-CVS appears to be safe and feasible and might to be offered in the prenatal diagnosis in the first trimester of gestation.The technique of long time culture and chromosome preparation of villi is stable and reliable.It is feasible to apply these techniques in the clinical practice of prenatal cytogenetic diagnose in the early pregnancy.     

白藜芦醇抑制胶质瘤细胞生长与诱导细胞凋亡实验研究

目的探讨白藜芦醇(Res)对脑胶质瘤细胞(C6细胞株)和正常成纤维细胞(3T3细胞株)体外增殖的影响,进而观察Res诱导C6和3T3细胞系的凋亡作用.方法用不同浓度的Res处理C6和3T3细胞,以四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测Res对C6和3T3细胞的增殖作用,通过HE染色、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原位末端标记法(TUNEL)和流式细胞仪Annexin Ⅴ荧光染色,观察细胞的形态学结构改变,并定量检测细胞凋亡.结果 Res抑制了C6细胞的生长与增殖( P < 0.01 ),呈浓度依赖性反应;Res能明显诱导C6细胞凋亡,经210 μmol/L、120 μmol/L Res处理24 h后及对照组的C6细胞,其凋亡率分别为29.7%、14.6%及2.1%;相应的3T3细胞凋亡率分别为4.3%、3.5%、2.6%. 结论 Res能通过诱导C6细胞凋亡而抑制其生长与增殖,但对3T3细胞无此作用.本研究为临床应用Res治疗脑胶质细胞瘤提供了实验依据.     

Expression of neuron-specific enolase and olfactory marker protein in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses]

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and olfactory marker protein (OMP) in the developing olfactory mucosa of human fetuses. METHOD: The expression of NSE and OMP in the olfactory mucosa of 6 human fetuses (12, 16, 20, 24, 28 and 34 weeks) was studied using the technique of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: NSE immunological positive reactions were seen in all 6 fetal mucosa from gestational 12 (G12) to G34, with plenty of positive-stained dual-pole neuron cells. At G12, the positive cells aligned tightly, the cell bodies were localized in the lower portion of olfactory epithelium and the positive-stained area occupied upper 2/3 of fetal nasal mucosa. With the development, the positive cells gradually became multilayer, but the density and the relative area of positive-cells reduced. At G34, the positive cells were located only in upper 1/3 of nasal mucosa. OMP-positive reactions were localized in a few dual-pole neurons at G12, the number was much less than NSE-positive cells in the same fetus. With the development, the OMP-positive cells gradually increased with most of the cell bodies located in the upper portion of epithelium, but number still relatively less than the NSE-positive cells at the same age. CONCLUSION: At G12, there were lots of olfactory neuron in the olfactory mucosa and only a few olfactory neurons had became mature. With the development, the olfactory epithelial area reduced but the number of mature olfactory neurons increased. At the last trimester, fetal olfactory sensor was almost matured.     

改进的内眦赘皮矫治术联合重睑成形术Ⅰ期成形

目的 探讨改进的内眦赘皮矫治术联合切开法重睑成形术的方法及临床效果。方法 根据内眦赘皮的轻重程度及方向，采用改良的“Z”成形术，切除或切断内眦部形成赘皮的异位眼轮匝肌及皮下筋膜组织，联合切开法重睑成形术行Ⅰ期成形。结果 本组68例患者，术后赘皮消失，泪阜显露适中，内眦间距缩短，重睑外形美观自然。其中，36例随访3个月至3年，术后皮肤切口无可见瘢痕，形态稳定，内眦赘皮无复发，效果满意。结论 该手术方法能够充分矫正内眦赘皮的异常结构，而与重睑成形术同期施术效果稳定，具有一定的临床应用价值。