急性重型颅脑损伤ET和CGRP含量变化及其临床意义

目的　探讨急性重型颅脑损伤 (ASBI)患者血浆中内皮素 (ET)和降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的含量变化及其临床意义。方法　用放免法测定 2 8例ASBI患者伤后 6～ 2 4h血浆中ET及CGRP含量。结果　ASBI患者ET含量明显增多 ,差别有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;CGRP也有一定的增多 ,但无显著性差异。结论　ET和CGRP共同参与ASBI病理生理反应过程 ,ET释放增加是加重脑继发性损害的重要因素     

检测血清VEGF、CEA、TSGF在肿瘤中的临床意义

目的研究血清VEGF、CEA在肿瘤诊断中联合应用价值以及肿瘤患者中血清VEGF与TSGF相关性.方法收集结直肠癌、肺癌患者以及正常人静脉血标本,ELISA法检测血清VEGF含量,放射免疫法检测CEA,化学显色法检测TSGF.结果结直肠癌患者中,血清CEA阳性率为32.4%,VEGF阳性率为54.1%,两者联合应用时阳性率为73.0%.血清VEGF与TSCF在结直肠癌中的相关系数为r=0.355(P＜0.01),肺癌患者中为r=0.612(P＜0.05).结论联合检测CEA和VEGF可以明显提高结直肠癌患者的阳性率,肿瘤患者血清中VEGF与TSGF的含量显著相关.     

Alpha-smooth muscle actin in pathological human disc nucleus pulposus cells in vivo and in vitro

That a contractile actin isoform has been found in cells of other cartilage tissues in healing and disease states prompted this investigation of the presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in pathological human intervertebral disc tissue. The presence of this isoform has been reported in human intervertebral disc specimens obtained at autopsy from subjects for whom there were no reported symptoms. An objective of this study was to evaluate the cell density and percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells in pathological nucleus pulposus tissue obtained from lumbar disc surgery from 17 patients. Additionally, explants of nucleus pulposus material were cultured to determine how alpha-SMA expression changed with time in vitro. Seventy-six 5-mm diameter explants (approximately 2 mm thick) pooled from six lumbar surgeries were cultured for 1, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Microtomed sections of paraffin-embedded specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or a monoclonal antibody to alpha-SMA. Histologically, cells were categorized as to alpha-SMA phenotype (positive or negative), and the areal cell density was determined. The evaluation of the cultured nucleus pulposus explants also included documentation of the percentage of cells that were round or elongated and the percentage of the cells that were part of a group (group: >/= 2 cells). Every nucleus pulposus section exhibited the presence of alpha-SMA-containing cells, which accounted for approximately 24 percent of the cells in vivo. In vivo, the cell density was significantly higher in older individuals (p = 0.02). The average time for cell outgrowth from the explants was 8.6 days. Approximately 10-15 percent of the cells in the explants stained positive for alpha-SMA. The time in culture had no significant effect on any of the outcome measures except the percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells that were round (p = 0.008), with values decreasing through 4 weeks and then slightly rising at 6 weeks. The role of alpha-SMA in intervertebral disc pathology warrants further investigation.     

ERP evidence of impaired central nervous system function in virally suppressed HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on central nervous system (CNS) function in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) who have suppressed viral loads. METHODS: Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from 15 virally suppressed HIV patients and 15 age-, sex-, and education-matched controls while they performed a 3-stimulus auditory oddball task. The amplitude and latency of the P3a, P3b, and early auditory components were examined in HIV patients and controls. RESULTS: Virally suppressed HIV patients on ART were more depressed than controls, as determined by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). After controlling for the effects of depression, HIV patients had smaller P2, P3a, and P3b amplitudes and longer P3a and P3b latency than control subjects. BDI scores correlated positively with N1 latency in HIV patients and negatively with P3b amplitude in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS: These electrophysiological results suggest that, even in the absence of detectable levels of HIV in the peripheral blood, viral replication persists in the CNS and continues to cause disease in HIV patients on ART.     

2例腹腔镜下阴道癌根治及阴道重建手术的手术配合

总结2例腹腔镜下阴道癌根治及阴道重建手术的手术配合经验.提出术前做好心理护理、肠道准备,熟悉手术步骤、手术者的手术特点,熟练掌握手术器械的使用方法,与术者默契配合,是保证手术成功的关键措施.     

超声心动图测定未闭动脉导管内径及临床意义

目的　探讨超声心动图测定未闭动脉导管内径的可靠性及其在导管法封堵动脉导管未闭症 (PDA)中的临床意义。　方法　 4 4例 PDA患者 ,男 18例 ,女 2 6例 ,平均 10 .8± 10 .5岁。应用二维超声心动图 (2 DE)及彩色多普勒血流显像 (CDFI)测定 PDA近端及最小内径 ,并与 X线造影测值及最终所选择的封堵器直径比较。　结果　 2 DE及 CDFI显示 PDA解剖全程及测量 PDA内径的成功率分别为 5 7%和 10 0 % ;2 DE对 PDA直径测量的均值显著低于 X线测值及封堵器实际尺寸 ,其回归方程斜率更偏离 1,截距较大 ,估计标准误高 ;CDFI对 PDA直径测量的平均值与 X线测值差异无显著性 ,但平均小于封堵器尺寸 2 .9mm,其回归方程斜率更接近 1,截距小及估计标准误小。　结论　与 2 DE相比 ,CDFI能更准确地测量 PDA直径 ;在导管封堵术中选择封堵器时 ,CDFI的 PDA直径测值可与 X线测量互相补充甚至可替代 X线造影 ,避免穿刺股动脉的技术困难及大量注射造影剂的副作用     

航渡营养口粮抗疲劳实验研究

目的：评价航渡营养口粮抗疲劳功能。方法：50只小鼠随机分成氨基酸低，中，高剂量组，混合饲料组和对照组，进行运动耐力测定，血清尿素氮浓度测定和血糖测定。结果：给予氨基酸的小鼠，与对照组比较负重游泳时间明显延长（P＜0．05），小鼠负重游泳至力竭时血清尿素氮浓度明显降低（P＜0．01），氨基酸高剂量组和混合饲料组小鼠血糖水平高于对照组。结论：航渡营养口粮能有效地提高小鼠机体运动耐力，维持血糖水平，降低血清尿素氮浓度，抗疲劳。     

冷冻(断裂)复型电镜技术的应用

本文简单介绍冷冻断裂复型电镜技术在国内、外的概况,並阐明了该项新技术的独特作用和具体的操作步骤;在制作生物样品时所需的仪器设备和试剂的配制等内容。     

镇痛药和肌松剂在新生儿中的临床应用

与年长儿相比，新生儿对疼痛的敏感性强，并且对手术操作表现出更为强烈的激素、代谢及心血管系统反应。目前对新生儿疼痛的管理日益受到重视。本文简要综述国内外新生儿重症监护室（NICU）内新生儿常用镇痛药和肌松剂及其具体应用。     

超声造影在肝癌介入治疗后疗效评价中的应用

目的:探讨实时灰阶超声造影(contrast-enhanced grey-scale ultrasonography,CE-US)在肝癌介入治疗后疗效评价中的应用价值。方法:经肘前浅静脉团注超声对比剂SonoVue,观察各时相病灶的强化特点,并与治疗前CE-US、治疗后CT、MRI图像及随访结果进行比较,综合判断介入治疗效果。结果:CE-US可以清晰地显示病灶内有无局部或整体强化,能准确评价肝癌介入治疗后疗效。结论:CE-US在评价肝癌介入疗效时具有重要的临床价值。