骨膜间质干细胞移植时机的实验和临床研究

目的 研究骨膜间质干细胞异体移植时机。方法 根据骨缺损内纤维组织生长时间的不同，将从大鼠骨膜分离培养的细胞分别分批植入，在植入的第2、3、4和8周时动态观察其成骨量，即骨小梁体积比；另将幼儿骨膜间质干细胞悬液，移植于26例长管状骨干骨折2周后的缺损内，观察骨折临床愈合的时间。结果 大鼠骨缺损后2周以内移植干细胞其骨小梁体积比大，愈合快，2周以后与对照组比无显著差异；临床应用9个月内病人骨折缺损愈合15例(57．7％)，骨不愈合者11例(42．3％)。结论 大鼠骨缺损2周以内移植干细胞其疗效好，大鼠实验和临床上骨缺损2周以后移植骨膜间质干细胞不能明显促进骨缺损愈合。     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的：探讨髋臼骨折的手术治疗效果和影响疗效因素。方法：对31例髋臼骨折患进行切开复位由固定治疗。结果：平均随访18个月(6～36月)，根据Matta评分标准优16例，良8例，一般4例，差3例。1例术后发生深部感染，1例术后18个月发生股骨头坏死。结论：髋臼骨折，特别是有移位的髋臼骨折应及时手术治疗。手术医师的经验、骨折类型、手术时机和入路会影响髋臼骨折的疗效。     

应用人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜上皮的实验研究

目的 研究人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜移植生长的生物学特性，为组织工程化尿道提供新材料。方法 将人自体血清培养黏膜移植于裸鼠体内，分别于移植后2、3、4、6周观察培养黏膜生长与转归，应用anti—HLA免疫荧光鉴定成活黏膜组织属性，应用抗人Ⅳ型胶原及抗人层黏蛋白为基底膜形成指标。结果 裸鼠体内移植培养黏膜成活生长分化良好，anti—HLA免疫荧光证实为移植的培养人黏膜组织；免疫组化发现移植后3周开始形成基底膜，4周形成完整的基底膜。结论 自体血清培养的人口腔黏膜可形成功能完整的上皮组织。     

原发性肝癌伴胆道癌栓的诊治

目的 探讨原发性肝癌伴胆道癌栓的临床特点、病理改变、诊治方法和改善预后的途径。方法 分析16例病例的一般资料、临床表现、影像学和病理检查。结果 无术后死亡，原发病灶未切除，仅做T管引流2例，术后生存时间为2．5～4．5个月，14例原发病灶切除者，术后生存1～4．5年。结论 原发性肝癌伴胆道癌栓患者，积极手术治疗和综合治疗是提高生活质量和改善预后的有效方法。     

前列安栓治疗慢性前列腺炎:多中心双盲随机安慰剂对照试验

目的　评估前列安栓治疗慢性前列腺炎各种疼痛和不适感等症状的有效性、安全性和依从性。　方法　安慰剂对照随机双盲试验。 72例慢性前列腺炎患者随机分为两组。治疗组 36例 ,每晚前列安栓 1粒纳肛 ,连续 1个月 ;对照组 36例 ,安慰剂治疗 1个月。根据前列腺按摩液 (EPS)和美国国立卫生院 (NIH)前列腺炎症状评分评估疗效。　结果　治疗组痊愈 1例 (2 .8% ) ,显效 7例(2 0 .0 % ) ,有效 16例 (45 .7% ) ,总显效率 2 2 .8% ,总有效率 6 8.6 %。对照组无痊愈病例 ,显效 2例(5 .7% ) ,有效 8例 (2 2 .8% ) ,总显效率 5 .7% ,总有效率 2 8.6 %。两组各有 1例在治疗 2周内退出试验。两组相比 ,总有效率和总显效率差别均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;不良反应发生率差别无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。　结论　前列安栓治疗慢性前列腺炎安全、有效 ,患者依从性较好     

Effects of Ginsenosides on Vasodilator Nerve Actions in the Rat Perfused Mesentery are Mediated by Nitric Oxide

This study was designed to explore the effect of ginsenosides, saponins from Panax ginseng, on the vasodilator nerve actions in the rat perfused mesentery and the mechanism of this effect. In the rat perfused mesentery, when adrenergic nerves were blocked by guanethidine (5 × 10^?6 M) and vascular muscle tone was increased with methoxamine (5 × 10^?6-10^?5 M), transmural field stimulation produced a frequency-dependent vasodilator response, which is due to the release of calcitonin generelated peptide; ginsenosides significantly suppressed this vasodilator response in a concentration-dependent manner (3–30 μg mL^?1). After pretreatment with saponin (50 μg mL^?1, 3min) to damage endothelial cells, this suppressing effect of ginsenosides was unaltered. However, the effect was abolished by N^ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10^?4 M), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis and addition of l -arginine (3 × 10^?4 M) restored this suppressing effect. Methylene blue (10^?5 M), an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, also abolished the suppressing effect of ginsenosides. However, ginsenosides did not alter the relaxation responses caused by exogenous calcitonin gene-related peptide administration. We conclude that ginsenosides can produce an inhibitory effect on the vasodilator response prejunctionally in the rat perfused mesentery and that this effect of ginsenosides may be mediated by nitric oxide released from non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves.     

美托洛尔治疗高血压病的疗效及其耐受性

原发性高血压患者425例(男252,女173;年龄60±s12a)采用美托洛尔100mg,po,每晨1次,4wk为一个疗程。总有效率82.4％,治疗2wk后血压继续下降,心率并不继续减慢。不良反应主要为心率减慢后的症状及神经系症状,停药率6.4％。60a以上的患者总有效率及停药率与中、青年患者无明显区别。故美托洛尔同样适用于老年人。     

儿科急诊抢救中存在问题的分析及对策

"工欲善其事,必先利其器",具备抢救急重危患儿的能力,是每个儿科护士在护理危重患儿中的利器之一.因此,本文针对护理人员在急诊抢救护理过程中的问题进行分析,提出解决问题的相应对策,以提升护理专业素质.     

IFN-gamma promotes apoptosis of the uterus and placenta in pregnant rat and human cytotrophoblast cells.

Growth and development of placentas in all pregnancy periods and that of fetuses in late pregnancy were inhibited after administration of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Apoptosis can be detected by TUNEL at the maternal-fetal interface during normal rat pregnancy. Apoptosis locations at the maternal-fetal interface changed according to the period of pregnancy. The results of immunohistochemistry and the DNA ladder assay showed that IFN-gamma could promote the apoptosis levels during the entire pregnancy, but it did not change the apoptosis locations. IFN regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), FasL, and p53 expressions were modulated by IFN-gamma during the entire pregnancy. In vitro cell proliferation assay indicated that IFN-gamma could inhibit proliferation of human cytotrophoblast cells, and flow assay showed that this effect was mainly due to apoptosis induction. TUNEL and Hoechst staining also showed that IFN-gamma could induce apoptosis of human cytotrophoblast cells. Expression of IRF-1 was induced and expression of active caspase-3 was promoted by IFN-gamma treatment, but IFN-gamma did not affect the expression of IFNGR and p53.