重组2型腺相关病毒-转化生长因子β3对实验性肝纤维化大鼠肝脏组织病理学和Ⅰ型胶原表达的影响

Objective To investgate the effects of TGF β 3 on rat hepatic fibrosis. Methods The TGF β 3 cDNA was cloned into rAAV2 vector. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control group, model group, negative control group and TGF β 3 group. Hepatic fibrosis was induced by hypodermic injection of 40% CCI4. Recombinant AAV2-TGF β 3 viral particles were injected via the vena caudalis one week before CCh treatment. Rats were executed 8 weeks after CCI4 treatment, global histological change was observed after HE staining, the distribution of the collagen fibers was observed after masson staining, his-tochemistry was done to observe the expression of collagen Ⅰ; The positive area rate of the collagen fibers and the average optical rate of collagen Ⅰ were quantified. Results HE staining indicated that collagen fibers were reduced in the TGF β 3 group. Masson staining shown that the collagen fibers were distributed around the blood vessel, in the portal area and disse space. Compared to the model group (13.2%±2.2%) and negative control group (12.3%±1.5%), the collagen fibers in liver tissues of TGF β3 group (7.7% ± 1.5%) were significantly decreased (q = 9.456, P < 0.01; q = 8.217, P < 0.01). Histochemistry indicated that the collagen fibers of liver tissues of TGF 15 3 group (0.185±0.033) were significantly higher than those in the model group (0.252±0.042) and the negative control group (0.230±0.029), (q = 6.228, P < 0.01; q = 4.346, P < 0.01). Conclusion TGF β 3 alleviates the damage to hepatic cell and the level offibrosis in CCI4 treated rats and inhibits the expression of collagen Ⅰ.     

脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质制备的实验研究

目的 探索脱细胞尿道及其海绵体基质的制备方法。方法取健康壮年兔完整尿道及其海绵体组织，以Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法进行脱细胞处理。标本做HE染色，组织学观察分析脱细胞效果。结果脱细胞处理11天后，成功获得脱细胞及其海绵体基质，所得基质外观良好。HE染色观察无细胞存在。弹力纤维排列规整，间隙较大，结构无破坏。结论利用Triton-X100与NH3H2O联合提取法可成功制备完整无细胞尿道及其海绵体基质，为尿道再造修复提供崭新思路。     

联合应用口服水剂和水灌肠肠道充盈法的MSCT研究

目的：评价口服水剂、水灌肠及两者联合应用充盈肠道后,使用MSCT显示成人正常肠道的能力。材料和方法：将43名非肠道病变志愿者分别采用口服水剂法(21例)、水灌肠法(12例)、双重法(口服水剂和水灌肠联合应用,10例)充盈肠道,然后行MSCT平扫和增强扫描并进行图像重建,对小肠和大肠各肠段充盈状态进行评价。结果：口服水剂法回肠充盈良好,水灌肠法大肠充盈良好,双重法回肠及大肠均充盈良好。口服水剂法小肠充盈优于水灌肠法,与双重法无显著差异,大肠充盈状态水灌肠法明显优于口服水剂法,与双重法无显著差异。结论：口服水剂和水灌肠联合应用可以在MSCT同时较好地充盈显示小肠和大肠,而两种方法单独使用则仅能分别充盈显示小肠和大肠,需要根据显示目的选择相应的充盈方法。     

Evaluation of hypothesis testing for comparing two populations using NONMEM analysis

In a simulation study of inference on population pharmacokinetic parameters, two methods of performing tests of hypotheses comparing two populations using NONMEM were evaluated. These two methods are the test based upon 95% confidence intervals and the likelihood ratio test. Data were simulated according to a monoexponential model and, in that context, power curves for each test were generated for (i)the ratio of mean clearance and (ii)the ratio of the population standard deviations of clearance. To generate the power curves, a range of these parameters was employed; other pharmacokinetic parameters were selected to reflect the variability typically present in a Phase II clinical trial. For tests comparing the means, the confidence interval tests had approximately the same power as the likelihood ratio tests and were consistently more faithful to the nominal level of significance. For comparison of the standard deviations, and when the volume of information available was relatively small, however, the likelihood ratio test was more able to detect differences between the two groups. These results were then compared to results on parameter estimation in order to gain insight into the question of power. As an example, the nonnormality of estimates of the ratio of standard deviations plays an important role in explaining the low power for the confidence interval tests. We conclude that, except for the situation of modeling standard deviations with only sparse information, NONMEM produces tests of significance that are effective at detecting clinically significant differences between two populations.Partial support from the Upjohn Company, NIH-BRSG SO RR 07066, and the Burroughs Wellcome Foundation.     

缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的测定

应用电子自旋共振波谱仪（ＥＳＲ）直接检测了缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网自由基的变化，以探讨肌质网系统与氧自由基的关系。实验中将２０只兔随机分为再灌注对照组、超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）组、ＡＴＰ－氯化镁组和人参皂甙Ｒｅ组。实验结果，ｇ值２．００４６处为半醌自由基波谱，其相对浓度各组依次为７８．９４±２．１２６，１４．４６±２．８６，２０．６５±７．６５，１４．６６±３．６７（ｘ±ＳＤ），对照组与用药组均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），表明缺血－再灌注兔心肌肌浆网产生大量的自由基，用ＥＳＲ可以直接检测到半醌自由基，外源性高能磷酸盐制剂ＡＴＰ－氯化镁及人参皂甙Ｒｅ与超氧化物歧化酶一样，发挥清除兔心肌肌浆网自由基的作用。     

人PD-L2基因克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 克隆人PD-L2基因并构建PD-L2胞外区的原核表达载体，在大肠杆菌中进行表达。方法 以RT-PCR方法从活化的人外周血单个核细胞总RNA中克隆PD-L2基因的cDNA，构建PD-L2胞外区的原核表达载体，在大肠杆菌BL21(ED3)中进行表达并鉴定。结果 克隆到PD-L2基因cDNA编码区全长序列，经DNA测序证明其与已报道的序列一致。进而构建了PD-L2胞外区的原核表达载体，并在大肠杆菌表达，免疫印迹分析表明在IPTG诱导后表达PD-L2胞外区蛋白，相对分子质量Mr为22000，与理论值大小相符。结论 成功克隆PD-L2基因，其胞外区蛋白在大肠杆菌中获得表达，为进一步研究PD-L2功能提供了条件。     

卡维地洛配伍螺内酯治疗老年难治性高血压的临床观察

目的：评价卡维地洛联合螺内酯对老年难治性高血压的临床疗效及安全性，以指导临床工作。方法：老年难治性高血压患者200例分成两组，观察组（120例）经安慰剂洗脱2周后口服卡维地洛配伍螺内酯治疗，对照组（80例）在原有用药基础上加用螺内酯，治疗后共观察8周，探讨疗效。结果：观察组不良反应发生少，且观察组总有效率明显高于对照组，观察组对改善左心室射血分数和左心室舒张末期内径效果明显。结论：卡维地洛联合螺内酯对老年难治性高血压控制较好，并能改善心室结构，临床应用效果好。     

肝硬化患者的心理状态分析

目的:分析肝硬化患者的心理状态.方法:对40 例肝硬化患者(研究组)及40 例健康志愿者(正常对照组)采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行问卷调查及对比研究.结果:肝硬化患者的焦虑发生率为27.5%,抑郁发生率为42.5%,焦虑合并抑郁的发生率为27.5%,与正常对照组相比,肝硬化患者的焦虑抑郁不良情绪的发生率升高(P＜0.05),其中家庭月收入少于1 000元、有并发症的肝硬化患者的抑郁积分较高(P＜0.01).结论:肝硬化患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪发生率显著高于正常人群,且受家庭经济状况和有无并发症的影响.     

南京市婚检的现状与对策

介绍了2002～2005年间南京市的婚检情况。新的《婚姻登记条例》实施后婚检人数急剧下降,未能通过婚检检出的一些疾病导致了妊娠合并症、新生儿缺陷和新生儿疾病发生数明显上升;提出当前开展婚前卫生保健工作有着积极的现实意义和深远的历史意义。南京市妇幼保健院为提高人口素质积极开展婚前卫生保健工作,并取得一定成效。