白藜芦醇通过下调CD44表达抑制胶质瘤U251细胞增殖和侵袭

目的 探讨白藜芦醇对脑胶质瘤细胞增殖和侵袭的影响及可能的分子调控机制。方法 体外培养胶质瘤U251细胞,分别用浓度为0μmol/L、50μmol/L、100μmol/L、150μmol/L白藜芦醇继续培养48 h,参考Lipofectamine2000TM说明书将pcDNA3.1/CD44(CD44过表达)、pcDNA3.1（过表达对照）等质粒转染胶质瘤U251细胞并培养24 h进行后续实验。利用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,利用Transwell实验检测细胞侵袭;RT-PCR和免疫印迹法检测细胞CD44、CyclinD1、CDK4、MMP2和MMP9的mRNA和蛋白表达。结果 白藜芦醇明显抑制U251细胞的增殖和侵袭能力（P<0.05）,而且呈浓度依赖性（P<0.05）;所以,用150μmol/L白藜芦醇进行CD44干预实验。白藜芦醇明显抑制U251细胞CD44、CyclinD1、CDK4、MMP2和MMP9的mRNA和蛋白表达（P<0.05）,而且呈浓度依赖性（P<0.05）。CD44过表达明显抑制白藜芦醇对胶质瘤U251细胞增殖和侵袭的抑制作用（P<0....     

PRRSV Induces HMGB1 Phosphorylation at Threonine-51 Residue to Enhance Its Secretion

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) induces secretion of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) to mediate inflammatory response that is involved in the pulmonary injury of infected pigs. Our previous study indicates that protein kinase C-delta (PKC-delta) is essential for HMGB1 secretion in PRRSV-infected cells. However, the underlying mechanism in HMGB1 secretion induced by PRRSV infection is still unclear. Here, we discovered that the phosphorylation level of HMGB1 in threonine residues increased in PRRSV-infected cells. A site-directed mutagenesis study showed that HMGB1 phosphorylation at threonine-51 was associated with HMGB1 secretion induced by PRRSV infection. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) of HMGB1 failed to precipitate PKC-delta, but interestingly, mass spectrometry analysis of the HMGB1 co-IP product showed that PRRSV infection enhanced HMGB1 binding to ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3), which has various extra-ribosomal functions. The silencing of RPS3 by siRNA blocked HMGB1 secretion induced by PRRSV infection. Moreover, the phosphorylation of HMGB1 at threonine-51 was correlated with the interaction between HMGB1 and RPS3. In vivo, PRRSV infection also increased RPS3 levels and nuclear accumulation in pulmonary alveolar macrophages. These results demonstrate that PRRSV may induce HMGB1 phosphorylation at threonine-51 and increase its interaction with RPS3 to enhance HMGB1 secretion. This finding provides insights into the pathogenesis of PRRSV infection.     

A First-Principles Study on the Hydration Behavior of (MgO)n Clusters and the Effect Mechanism of Anti-Hydration Agents

Magnesia-based refractory is widely used in high-temperature industries; its easy hydration is, however, a key concern in refractory processing. Understanding the hydration mechanism of MgO will help in solving its hydration problem. Herein, the hydration behavior of (MgO)_n (n = 1–6) at the molecular level and the effect mechanisms of several anti-hydration agents on the hydration of (MgO)₄ were investigated with first-principles calculations. The results indicated that the following: (1) The smaller the (MgO)_n cluster size, the more favorable the hydration of MgO and the tendency to convert into Mg(OH)₂ crystal; (2) Anti-hydration agents can coordinate with the unsaturated Mg atom of (MgO)₄ to form a bond, increasing the coordination number of Mg, thus reducing its activity when reacting with H₂O; (3) The greater the number of −COOH groups and the longer the chain length in the anti-hydration agents, the better its effect of inhibiting the hydration of MgO. These findings could enhance the understanding of the mechanism of hydration of MgO and provide theoretical guidance for the design of novel anti-hydration agents.     

视觉对人体姿势控制影响的脑功能网络连接机制

目的 研究视觉对人体姿势控制影响及其脑功能网络连接机制。方法 以15名健康青年为研究对象,要求受试者分别进行30 s睁眼、闭眼的双腿站立平衡,采集平衡过程中身体压力中心(center of pressure, COP)和脑电。对COP进行样本熵(SampleEn)计算;对脑电θ、α和β频段,计算相位滞后指数(phase lag index, PLI)构建大脑功能网络,并基于图论计算集聚系数(C)、特征路径长度(L)及小世界网络属性(σ)。结果 人体在双腿站立平衡过程中,闭眼COP_Y样本熵显著高于睁眼(P<0.05)。闭眼α频段PLI平均值显著高于睁眼(P<0.05);闭眼α频段C、σ显著高于睁眼,L显著低于睁眼(P<0.05)。闭眼时α频段额区-中央区-顶区之间的网络连接以及中央区和顶区内连接强度显著高于睁眼(P<0.05)。闭眼时α频段PLI平均值以及C值与COP_Y样本熵中度呈中度负相关(P<0.05)。睁眼时左前额区、左顶区、左枕区α频段PLI平均值与COP_Y样本熵呈中度负相关;闭眼时左...     

CT扫描对肺腺癌患者胸膜下纯磨玻璃结节浸润性的预测价值

目的 通过CT扫描分析肺腺癌患者胸膜下纯磨玻璃结节(pGGN)的浸润性.方法 经手术切除pGGN且病理证实为肺腺癌患者189例,结节距离胸膜≤20 mm.其中,157例(A组)的病理类型包括浸润前病变和微浸润性腺癌,32例(B组)的病理类型均为浸润性腺癌.根据结节与胸膜位置关系分为3型:Ⅰ型,与胸膜无关系;Ⅱ型,结节与...     

Mechanisms of protective effects of astaxanthin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a major contributor to chronic liver disease worldwide, and 10％-20％ of nonalcoholic fatty liver progresses to nonalcoholic s...     

PXR activation impairs hepatic glucose metabolism partly via inhibiting the HNF4α–GLUT2 pathway

Drug-induced hyperglycemia/diabetes is a global issue. Some drugs induce hyperglycemia by activating the pregnane X receptor (PXR), but the mechanism is unclear. Here, we report that PXR activation induces hyperglycemia by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism due to inhibition of the hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α)‒glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) pathway. The PXR agonists atorvastatin and rifampicin significantly downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, and impaired glucose uptake and utilization in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of PXR downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α expression, while silencing PXR upregulated HNF4α and GLUT2 expression. Silencing HNF4α decreased GLUT2 expression, while overexpressing HNF4α increased GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. Silencing PXR or overexpressing HNF4α reversed the atorvastatin-induced decrease in GLUT2 expression and glucose uptake. In human primary hepatocytes, atorvastatin downregulated GLUT2 and HNF4α mRNA expression, which could be attenuated by silencing PXR. Silencing HNF4α downregulated GLUT2 mRNA expression. These findings were reproduced with mouse primary hepatocytes. Hnf4α plasmid increased Slc2a2 promoter activity. Hnf4α silencing or pregnenolone-16α-carbonitrile (PCN) suppressed the Slc2a2 promoter activity by decreasing HNF4α recruitment to the Slc2a2 promoter. Liver-specific Hnf4α deletion and PCN impaired glucose tolerance and hepatic glucose uptake, and decreased the expression of hepatic HNF4α and GLUT2. In conclusion, PXR activation impaired hepatic glucose metabolism partly by inhibiting the HNF4α‒GLUT2 pathway. These results highlight the molecular mechanisms by which PXR activators induce hyperglycemia/diabetes.Key words: Pregnane X receptor, Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha, Glucose transporter 2, Hepatic glucose uptake, Diabetes, Drug-induced hyperglycemia     

我国放射卫生学学科建设与放射卫生工作回顾

随着人们对电离辐射对人类健康危害的认识,以及随之开展的电离辐射生物效应及防护措施的研究,逐步形成了放射卫生学。因此作为传统的公共卫生体系下的五大卫生之一,放射卫生主要围绕电离辐射对人体健康有害影响及其综合防护措施开展工作。从上世纪三、四十年代起,经过近百年的蓬勃发展,现阶段我国的放射卫生学学科水平和放射卫生工作成效等有了很大提升。本文就放射卫生学研究与我国放射卫生工作的历史、现状、工作内容等情况进行简单的概述,以期为我国放射卫生工作今后的发展提供助力。     

浅表淋巴结肉芽肿性炎声像图及其鉴别诊断

目的提高对浅表淋巴结肉芽肿性炎超声诊断和鉴别诊断的认识。方法分析41例肉芽肿性炎和127例恶性及其他原因淋巴结肿大的声像图,并采用二分类logistic回归模型筛选声像图鉴别指标。结果淋巴结肉芽肿性炎声像图特点为内部回声减低,甚至出现透声区,部分有不规则钙化,淋巴门结构消失,彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）示其内血流信号欠丰富,分布不规则。与恶性淋巴结鉴别要点为内部是否有透声区、长短径的比值、是否有淋巴门结构和血流信号是否丰富;与其他淋巴结病变的鉴别要点为内部是否有透声区、回声分布是否均匀和是否有淋巴门结构,其诊断正确率均可达到80％。结论超声检查对浅表淋巴结病变的诊断和鉴别诊断具有较好的应用价值。     

Identifying the role of apolipoprotein A-l in prostate cancer

Although localized prostate cancer(PCa)can be cured by prostatectomy and radiotherapy,the development of effective therapeutic approaches for advanced prostate ...