浅谈胡澍手校本《素问》的文献版本价值

清末经学家和小学家胡澍把《素问》作为子书之一，博采众本，悉心校勘，以小学的方法进行专门研究，撰成《素问校义》，为研习《内经》不可不读之书。通过对天津中医药大学图书馆所藏胡澍手校本《重广补注黄帝内经素问》的考证，发现胡澍校勘所据底本一直被误作宋本，而实是明顾从德影宋刻本．校勘工作历时数年，手校本《素问》留有胡澍悉心对校后所做出的千余条校语，可惜草创未就，他便英年早逝。手校本这第一手资料，对研究胡澍的治学思想和《素问校义》的成书过程，学习和掌握知识，传承弘扬学术，都具有重女的文献参考价值。     

Neuroprotective effect of estrogen after chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats

BACKGROUND: At present, there is still lack of effective drugs for chronic spinal cord injury, whereas it is found recently that estrogen has a neuroprotective effect on brain and spinal cord injuries. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of estrogen on the apoptosis of nerve cells after gradual chronic spinal cord injury in ovariectomized rats. DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal trial. SETTING: Institute of Orthopaedics, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. MATERIALS: Sixty-five female Wistar rats of common degree, weighing 220–250 g, were provided by the experimental animal center of Lanzhou University. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n =5), estrogen-treated group (n =30) and saline control group (n =30), and the latter two groups were observed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days respectively, and 5 rats for each time point. METHODS: All the rats were treated with bilateral oophorectomy 2 weeks before the experiment. T10 vertebral lamina was revolved into using plastic screw. The spinal canal impingement was not induced initially. After that, the original incision was opened to expose the screw every 7–10 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The apoptosis and Caspase-3 positive cells in the damaged spinal cord were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) method and Caspase-3 immunohistochemical staining at 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 60 days after chronic spinal cord injury respectively. RESULTS: Totally 65 rats were used, and the deleted ones during the experiment were supplemented by others. Changes of Caspase-3 expression after spinal cord injury: In the sham-operated group, only a small amount of Caspase-3 proteins were observed in the rat spinal cord, mainly located in motor neurons of spinal cord anterior horn. In the estrogen-treated group and saline control group, positive cells expressed occasionally at 1 day postoperatively, began to increase obviously at 7 days after injury, strongly expressed at 14 and 28 days, but decreased at 60 days, mainly located in the neurons of spinal cord gray matter anterior horn, and they expressed fewer in the motor neurons and white matter of ventral horn, and there were obvious differences between the estrogen-treated group and saline control group at 7, 14, 28 and 60 days (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Estrogen can reduce the apoptosis of nerve cells and promote the recovery of neurological function following gradual chronic spinal cord injury.     

浅谈血液透析患者心理护理方法与体会

血液透析是治疗急慢性肾衰竭的有效替代疗法之一。自20世纪60年代在我国开展以来,越来越多的肾病患者生命得以延续,血液透析人群亦呈逐年递增之势,值得注意的是,受疾病本身及透析合并症的影响,患者普遍存在较为严重的心理问题，如焦虑、忧郁、沮丧甚至绝望，不良的情绪可引发免疫力的下降，不仅不利于配合治疗，还严重影响了其生活质量。针对这些问题，我们经过分析研究，对在我院进行血液透析的患者进行了针对性的心理护理。现报告如下。     

Disposition of tacrolimus in isolated perfused rat liver: influence of troleandomycin, cyclosporine, and gg918.

The disposition of tacrolimus and the influence of cyclosporine, troleandomycin, and GF120918 (GG918, or N-[4-[2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-isoquinolinyl)-ethyl]-phenyl]-9,10-dihydro-5-methoxy-9-oxo-4-acridine carboxamine) on its hepatic disposition were examined in the isolated perfused rat liver. Livers from groups of rats were perfused in a recirculatory manner following a bolus dose of tacrolimus (100 microg), a substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and CYP3A, or with felodipine (200 microg), a substrate only for CYP3A. Perfusions of each substrate were also examined in groups of rats in the presence of the inhibitors: troleandomycin (20 microM, CYP3A inhibitor), GG918 (1 microM, P-gp inhibitor), or cyclosporine (10 microM, CYP3A and P-gp inhibitor). In all experiments, perfusate and bile were collected for 60 min. Tacrolimus, felodipine, and their primary metabolites were determined in perfusate and bile by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. The area under the curve (AUC) from 0 to 30 min was determined. For the dual CYP3A and P-gp substrate, tacrolimus, AUC +/- S.D. was decreased from control (2,260 +/- 430 ng. min/ml) by GG918 (1,730 +/- 270 ng. min/ml, P < 0.05) and was increased by troleandomycin (5,200 +/- 2,470 ng. min/ml, P < 0.05) and cyclosporine (4,390 +/- 2,080 ng. min/ml, P < 0.05). For the exclusive CYP3A substrate, felodipine, AUC was unchanged from control by GG918 but increased by troleandomycin and cyclosporine. It is concluded that GG918 increased the hepatic exposure of tacrolimus by inhibiting the canalicular P-gp transport, whereas GG918 has no effect on hepatic disposition of felodipine. These results support our hypothesis that the hepatic metabolic clearance of a dual substrate will be increased by inhibiting the efflux transporter.     

AN-132 block of cardiac sodium channels: A gate-related receptor analysis

Summary Based on the gate-related receptor hypothesis, an analysis of kinetics of AN-132, a new antiarrhythmic agent, blockade of cardiac sodium channels and the gate-related receptor which is bound by the drug was performed by computer simulation. Model-predicted apparent rates of onset of AN-132 (30 μmol/L) blocking were 0.051, 0.038, and 0.034 AF⁻¹ at stimulation frequencies of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Hz, respectively. The time constant of recovery from block by AN-132 at resting potential -90 mV was 39.5 s. These findings are in agreement with those experimental data documented. The analysis of gate-related receptor shows that AN-132 binds the inactivation gate-related receptor, and the binding and unbinding are modulated by the inactivation process.     

脊髓血管畸形合并胸腔血管畸形

脊髓血管畸形的临床发病率较低,仅为颅内血管畸形或脊髓新生物的1/10左右.本病可能与其它组织的血管异常同时存在,如皮肤血管痣(Cobb综合征),皮肤、粘膜病变,和Klipple-Trenaunay-Weber综合征等.本文报告的与胸腔血管畸形同时存在的脊髓血管畸形,我们尚未见诸报道.本文还结合文献就脊髓血管畸形导致脊髓功能损害的病理生理作了阐述.     

人细胞色素p450IA1基因cDNA的克隆和鉴定

在用３－甲基胆蒽诱导培养人羊膜ＦＬ细胞２４ｈ后，抽提细胞总ＲＮＡ并直接合成ｃＤＮＡ第一链。利用人工合成的一对寡核苷酸引物，采用ＰＣＲ技术特异性地扩增Ｃｙｔ ｐ５０ＩＡ１ ｃＤＮＡ。３０个循环后琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示１．５Ｋｂ大小片段，长度与预计相符。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果证实此片段确为Ｃｙｔ ｐ４５０ＩＡ１ ｃＤＮＡ。将此片段克隆至质粒ｐＧＥＭ－３Ｚ并进行部份序列分析。结果显示克隆片段包含Ｃｙｔ ｐ     

A型肉毒杆菌毒素治疗麻痹性斜视

采用眼外肌注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素的方法,治疗17例(18只眼)麻痹性内斜视患者。最大的肌肉麻痹作用发生于注射后7～14天,最大斜视矫正度为50-,随访时间为4～20周,5例最终获得双眼视。未见全身副作用。认为,这种疗法可在部分患卉中替代斜视矫正术。     

肠外营养对呼吸功能不全患者的影响

从加强医疗病房的重危患餐巾选取因呼吸衰竭而给予呼吸机支持的患者40例,随机分为A组20例进行肠外营养(parenteral nutrition,PN)治疗,B组20例未行PN治疗。对通气/换气功能各指标进行分析,结果两组患者的呼吸频率、pH、PaO_2、PaCO_2及HCO_3~-无明显差异;A组氧分压与吸入气氧浓度比值轻度降低,而肺泡-动脉氧压差及肺内分流明显升高。提示PN中的脂肪乳和高糖可能是导致呼吸功能改变的重要因素。