尿结石理化性质检测在体外冲击波碎石中的意义

对３２例的尿结石采用化学定量分析法进行化学成分分析，利用材料力学原理和方 法测定密度、硬度和抗压强度，并对其中１３例的尿结石作体外碎石试验。结果表明碎石所需 冲击次数与结石成分有关，尤其是草酸钙结石所需冲击次数明显增加；冲击次数与结石物理特 性有关，随结石硬度增加而增加。因此，检测尿结石理化性质在体外冲击波碎石中具有重要意 义。     

诺氟沙星的吸附伏安法研究

在ｐＨ＝７．４９氨－氯化铵缓冲液中，诺氟沙星在滴汞电极上产生一灵敏的还原峰，峰电位为－１．５２Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）。在１．９８×１０（－７）～４．８８×１０（－６）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ之间有良好的线性关系。本文对其极谱性质和电极过程进行了研究，用于诺氟沙星的测定，方法简便，结果准确、可靠。     

Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation using extended right lobe grafts.

OBJECTIVE: The authors report their experience with living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using extended right lobe grafts for adult patients under high-urgency situations. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The efficacy of LDLT in the treatment of children has been established. The major limitation of adult-to-adult LDLT is the adequacy of the graft size. A left lobe graft from a relatively small volunteer donor will not meet the metabolic demand of a larger recipient. METHODS: From May 1996 to November 1996, seven LDLTs, using extended right lobe grafts, were performed under high-urgency situations. All recipients were in intensive care units before transplantation with five having acute renal failure, three on mechanical ventilation, and all with hepatic encephalopathy. The median body weight for the donors and recipients was 58 kg (range, 41-84 kg) and 65 kg (range, 53-90 kg), respectively. The body weights of four donors were less than those of the corresponding recipients, and the lowest donor-to-recipient body weight ratio was 0.62:1. The extended right lobe graft was chosen because the left lobe volume was <40% of the ideal liver mass of the recipient. RESULTS: Median blood loss for the donors was 900 mL (range, 700-1600 mL) and hospital stay was 19 days (range, 8-22 days). Homologous blood transfusion was not required. Two donors had complications (one incisional hernia and one bile duct stricture) requiring reoperation after discharge. All were well with normal liver function 5 to 10 months after surgery. The graft weight ranged from 490 g to 1140 g. All grafts showed immediate function with normalization of prothrombin time and recovery of conscious state of the recipients. There was no vascular complication, but six recipients required reoperation. One recipient died of systemic candidiasis 16 days after transplantation and 6 (86%) were alive with the original graft at a median follow-up of 6.5 months (range, 5-10 months). CONCLUSIONS: When performed by a team with experience in hepatectomy and transplantation, LDLT, using an extended right lobe graft, can achieve superior results. The technique extends the success of LDLT from pediatric recipients to adult recipients and opens a new donor pool for adults to receive a timely graft of adequate function.     

慢性乙型肝炎表面抗原携带者前S1基因的高度异质性

应用半巢式聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）从一例慢性ＨＢｓＡｇ携带者血清中扩增出ＨＢＶ前Ｓ１基因，将其克隆于噬菌体Ｍ１３ｍｐ１９中进行序列分析。结果发现：与同源性最好的ＨＢＶａｄｒ野生林相比，所测的１０个克隆均有替代和插入突变，９个克隆有缺失突变，１０个克隆的核苷酸变异率为５．０％－１７．０％，氨基酸的变异率为１３．０－６０．０％；１０个克隆之间的核苷酸变异率为２．３％－２４．３％，氨基酸的变异率为１４．     

大豆总皂甙对培养心肌细胞自发性搏动与动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠的心室肌细胞,向培养基中分别加入浓度为1.56μg/ml至50μg/ml的大豆皂甙,可使心肌细胞群落的自发性搏动呈剂量依赖性抑制。洗脱大豆皂甙或向培养基中再加入10μg/ml肾上腺素均能使自发性搏动恢复。向培养基中加入大豆皂甙5μg/ml使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、超射、最大舒张电位、阈电位、最大除极速度等各电参数立即减小。Ca~(2+)80μg/ml能使动作电位的抑制逆转。上述结果表明大豆皂甙对培养的鼠心肌细胞具有钙通道阻滞用。     

图像分析DNA含量对判断膀胱移行细胞癌分级和预后的意义

采用IBAS图像分析系统检测37例膀胱移行细胞癌病人的肿瘤细胞DNA含量，其中35例随访18个月至7年（平均5l个月），结果显示DNA含量和AN出现率增加与肿瘤的恶性程度有关（P＜0.01和P＜0.05）；肿瘤复发亦与非整倍体细胞（AN）出现率密切相关，AN出现率小于10％无复发，＜30％5例复发，＞30％9例复发。研究资料表明，图像分析技术测定细胞核的DNA含量对判断膀胱移行细胞癌病人的分级和预后有重要意义。     

黄连素对培养鸡胚心室肌细胞钙单通道电流的影响

在培养的鸡胚心室肌细胞上，我们采用膜片钳技术的细胞贴附式构型，研究了黄连素（Ｂｅｒｂｅｒｉｎｅ，ＢＲ）对细胞膜钙单通道电流的影响。结果表明：ＢＲ可使心室肌细胞膜钙单通道电流明显增加；钙通道可利用率增加１１４．２％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；钙通道开放概率增加７５．３％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。用心得安阻断β受体或用异搏定阻断钙通道，均可逆转ＢＲ的上述作用。以上提示：①ＢＲ是一种钙通道激活剂；②ＢＲ对钙通道的调节作用依赖于β受体介导的磷酸化过程。     

大鼠肝小肠联合移植模型的建立

本文报告一种封闭群大鼠进行的肝小肠联合移植模型。术中供体肝与小肠整块游离和灌注，分开切取。供肝原位、供肠异位移植于受体大鼠。主要血管用Ｋａｍａｄａ袖套法吻合，正式实验２１次，３天以上存活率为４３％。结果表明：减少手术时间和简化操作技术是提高成功率的关键因素和基本原则。     

民营企业de资本藩篱

据2001年零点公司对10个城市和4000多人的一项调查显示,中国当前最著名的企业家全部是民营企业家,而且每一个企业家都和一个著名的、成功的企业相联系.事实上,这些企业都是这些企业家自己创办的企业.这个现象不是偶然的,它实际上也验证了我曾经一再强调的一个重要命题:成功的、有竞争力的企业大都是企业家自己的企业.     

巢湖水有机提取物致鱼红细胞DNA损伤的初步观察

目的　研究巢湖水有机提取物致突变性。方法　单细胞凝胶电泳技术测定鱼红细胞DNA损伤效应。结果　巢湖源水引起慧星细胞的百分率最高 (5 7.2 5 % ) ,滤前水最低 (2 7.6 3% ) ,出厂水经过二次加氯后慧星细胞的百分率有所上升 (4 4 .0 0 % )。结论　巢湖源水具有潜在致突变性 ,经混凝、活性炭吸附及沉淀处理后其DNA损伤作用有所下降 ,但氯化消毒可增加水中有机提取物的DNA损伤作用。