小剂量低LET辐射对人淋巴细胞SCE的影响

本文用磷酸盐Giemsa法观察了小剂量X射线照射对人离体外周血淋巴细胞SCE的影响。其结果照射组各剂量点均不明显地高于对照组,证实了SCE对电离辐射不敏感,说明染色体结构畸变和SCE的发生是彼此独立的两个不同事件。     

Prof. Ye Chuanhui''s Experience in Treating Nephritic Proteinuria

In the occurrence and development of glomerulonephritis, proteinuria is themain manifestation, which is easily recurrent but not easily got rid of in a short period of time. It may remain even after disappearance of the general symptoms. In some patients, there are no symptoms and signs at all in the initial stage, except proteinuria, the only distinct manifestation. Prof. Ye Chuanhui, from Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has accumulated rich experience for treating this disorder, which is introduced in the following.     

胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤减压与固定相关问题探讨（附166例报告）

目的 对胸腰段脊柱脊髓，马尾神经损伤患者的外科治疗及几种内固定方法的疗效进行探讨。方法 对166例患者的治疗进行回顾分析。该组患者中椎体爆裂性骨折37例，椎体压缩骨折超二分之一109例，椎体骨折脱位14例，多节段或跳跃骨折6例，脊髓损伤按Frankel分级，A级59例，B级46例，C级42例，D级19例，治疗采用后路减压复位122例，前路减压复位，髂骨植骨融合44例。结果 术后123例获3-18个月随访，随访患者中随4例RF钉断裂，5例Harrington上钩脱落，6例棍断裂，其余患者内固定稳固，脊髓，马尾神经恢复，除35例仍为A级外，余脊髓神经功能恢复1-3个级别。结论 各种不同内固定可保持或增强脊柱的稳定，胸腰段脊柱脊髓损伤的外科治疗应根据骨折类型，脊髓及马尾神经损伤程度选择手术入路及内固定材料。     

手工凝聚胺试验影响因素分析

目的分析各种因素对手工凝聚胺试验的影响；方法应用手工凝聚胺（manual polgbrene test，MPT）做交叉配血及抗体筛选试验；结果血液标本、操作手法、凝聚胺试剂、药物（肝素、止血敏、高浓度KCl等）等对试验均有影响；其中以药物、操作手法影响较大，可致假阴性和假阳性结果；结论手工凝聚胺试验做交叉配血及抗体筛选时应注意排除药物和操作手法对试验结果的影响。     

肾小球微血管构型的扫描电子显微镜观察

应用微血管铸型扫描电镜技术研究8例成人肾脏的肾小球微血管构筑,结果发现:1.输入小动脉在肾小球血管极处分为2～5支小球内小叶微动脉。输入小动脉血管铸型的直径为126.35±20.5μm。2.肾小球是由小球内小叶微动脉、毛细血管、毛细血管网小叶间交通支和毛细血管输出根所构成的近似于球状体,小球内每个毛细血管网小叶均是一个独立的机能解剖学单位;3.299个肾小球均有一支输出小动脉,只有一个肾小球有两支输出小动脉。输出小动脉的血管铸型直径为91.35±11.7μm。4.输出小动脉起始处具有毛细血管前括约肌装置,此结构在调控肾小球内的微循环血流有着重要意义。     

State and output feedback design for robust tracking of linear systems with rate limited actuators

A design technique (Control of Uncertain Systems with Bounded Inputs, Tarbouriech S, Garcia G, (Eds), Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, vol. 227 , Springer: Berlin, 1997; 173–186) recently proposed for stabilization of a linear system with rate‐limited actuators is utilized to design feedback laws that cause the system output to track a desired command signal. This design technique combines two design techniques recently developed for linear systems with position limited actuators, piecewise‐linear LQ control (Automatica, 1994; 30 : 403–416) and low‐and‐high gain feedback (IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 1996; 41 : 368–378), and hence takes advantage of both design techniques, while avoiding their disadvantages. In the case that only the output is available for feedback, the performance of the state feedback law is preserved by the use of a fast observer. An open‐loop exponentially unstable fighter aircraft is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design method. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

异丙酚静脉全麻复合硬膜外腔阻滞麻醉期间CO2气腹对血流动力学和氧耗的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intraperitoneal CO2 insufflation on the hemodynamics, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) during intravenous anesthesia with propofol in combination with epidural block. METHODS: Intratracheal intubation was performed after rapid induction of anesthesia and mechanical ventilation was given. Maintenance of anesthesia was achieved using continuous intravenous propofol infusion (2 mg/kg/h) ?N2O inhalation and intermittent epidural administration. Indices of hemodynamics and respiratory function were collected 5 min before induction, 1 min before CO2 insufflation, and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min after the start of insufflation and 5 min after the termination of insufflation. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), end-tidal PCO2 (P(ET)CO2), VO2 and VCO2 1 min before insufflation were markedly reduced(P<0.01), compared with those recorded before induction. MAP and HR did not undergo any conspicuous changes during CO2 insufflation and 5 min after insufflation termination. Compared with that 1 min before insufflation, PETCO2 was significantly increased 20 min after the start of insufflation (P<0.01), and subsequently carried on the increase though of a lesser scale. VO2 and VCO2 gradually rose after the start of insufflation, and VO2 presented a significantly elevation (P<0.01) 10 min after the insufflation while VCO2 did not show this marked increase(P<0.05) till 20 min after the insufflation in comparison with the levels before insufflation. Subsequently, VO2 continued to rise and VCO2 also retained the increase but of smaller magnitude. CONCLUSION: Intravenous propofol anesthesia combined with epidural block assisted by well-managed excessive ventilation before insufflation can alleviate the adverse effects of CO2 insufflation on respiratory and circulatory systems.     

Ischemic rat brain extracts induce human marrow stromal cell growth factor production

Intravenous administration of human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats provides functional benefit. We tested the hypothesis that these functional benefits are derived in part from hMSC production of growth and trophic factors. Quantitative sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of hMSCs cultured with normal and MCAo brain extracts were performed. hMSCs cultured in supernatant derived from ischemic brain extracts increased production of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). These neurotrophins and angiogenic growth factors increased in a post‐ischemia time‐dependent manner. The hMSC capacity to increase expression of growth and trophic factors may be the key to the benefit provided by transplanted hMSCs in the ischemic brain.     

An etiological and clinicopathological study of early syphilis in oropharynx]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of the early stage treponema pallidum infected tissue in ear, nose, oropharynx and larynx and to raise relevance ratio of syphilis in nose and oropharynx and enhance doctor's self-protection awareness. METHODS: The histopathologic characteristics were studied by using HE staining, Warthin-Starry (W-S) staining was adopted to examine the treponema pallidum(TP) in lesion issue and its exudates smear for 12 cases biopsy tissues of suspicious syphilis. The diagnosis was confirmed by venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), rapid plasma reagin circle test(RPR), treponema pallidum hemagglutination test(TPHA) and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test (FTA-ABS). Treat with curing syphilis methods which published by nation. RESULTS: In the 12 cases mucous membrane specimen, the squamous epithelium proliferated, neutrophilic granulocyte infiltrated, within inherent membrane generous plasmacyte and lymphocyte infiltrated. W-S staining: plenty of treponema pallidum were found inside mucous membrane epithelium and exudate smear. Serology examination: 11 cases VDRL(++++), 7 cases RPR (+), 11 cases TPHA(+), 1 case FTA-ABS(+). After systemic treatment, 11 cases are clinically recovered. All patients serology become negative. CONCLUSION: W-S staining method can directly demonstrate histopathologic characteristics in early syphilis, in intrinsic membrane numerous plasmacyte infiltration. Combining with specific syphilis serology examination could increase diagnosis rate of syphilis in nose and oropharynx.     

卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤43例综合治疗疗效分析

为探讨不同手术方式及化疗方法对卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤的疗效及相关影响因素，对43例卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤患者进行回顾性分析。手术方式分为：保守性手术（患侧附件、大网膜切除术＋盆、腹腔腹膜结节切除术＋盆腔淋巴结清扫术）及根治性手术（全子宫、双附件及大网膜切除术＿肿瘤细胞减灭术＋盆腔淋巴结清扫术）。术后采用VAC（长春新碱，阿霉素，环磷酰胺）方案、BEP（博莱霉素或平阳霉素，足叶乙叉甙，顺铂或卡铂）方案或VBP（长春新碱，博莱霉素或平阳霉素，顺铂或卡铂）方案进行联合化疗。患者5年生存率根治性手术为44．4％，保守性手术为64．0％，差异无显著性。VAC方案与BEP（或VBP）方案的5年生存率分别为33．3％和77．3％（P＜0．01）。疗程数≥4患者的5年生存率为73．9％，明显高于疗程数＜4患者的38．9％（P＜0．05）。认为对于有生育要求的卵巢未成熟畸胎瘤患者，可仅行保守性手术，术后辅以联合化疗。BEP（或VBP）方案对患者长期生存率的改善明显优于VAC方案。术后化疗的疗程数与疗效有关，对长期生存率的影响较明显。