应用卵圆孔定位仪治疗三叉神经痛

目的总结卵圆孔定位仪在选择性经皮温控射频热凝治疗三叉神经痛的应用方法和技巧。方法对三叉神经第Ⅱ、Ⅲ支疼痛者或第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ支同时疼痛者应用Hartel前入路半月神经节射频热凝治疗,其中260例患者应用三叉神经卵圆孔定位仪辅助定位,对39例患者术中应用X线或三维CT进行卵圆孔靶点验证。结果所有病例穿刺成功。术后即刻疗效:优良206例,良好42例,无疗效12例,总有效率95.4%,无严重并发症发生。结论卵圆孔定位仪可用于射频热凝治疗三叉神经痛的辅助定位,可以提高穿刺的成功率和安全性。     

微小切口双重荷包缝合法矫正重度乳头内陷

目的 介绍一种疗效确切,创伤小,矫正重度乳头内陷的新术式.方法 设计切口位于乳晕第四象限,方向斜向外下方,呈放射状切口,长约1.5 cm,松解乳头基底部,切断牵拉的纤维条索,上提乳头,在距乳头0.8cm和1.5cm处,双重荷包缝合固定.结果 12例乳头内陷患者术后随访1个月至4年,均获得满意疗效.乳头横径、纵径、高度及外观明显改善.结论 该术式矫正乳头内陷具有切口小、创伤轻微、操作简单易行、效果确切、不易复发和并发症少等优点.     

常见眼眶病变的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断

目的：探讨眼眶病变的MRI诊断与鉴别诊断价值。方法：对29例经临床病理确诊的眼眶病变的病例进行回顾性分析，重点观察该类疾病的MRI表现。结果：眼眶病变29例，包括肿瘤10例。炎症10例，血管性病变3例，眼肌病变6例。其在MRI表现各具有影像学特征，眼眶肿瘤多表现为位于眼眶内、外的局限性软组织肿块，MR T1WI呈等或稍低信号，T2WI呈高或等信号多见；炎性假瘤则表现为眶内局限性软组织肿块或弥漫性异常信号．MR T1WI呈低信号，T2WI呈高信号，常伴有眼肌肥大或眼环增厚，泪腺肿大等。结论：MRI检查能显示眼眶病变的影像学特征，对其诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要价值。     

CT导向下经皮射频消融术治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤

目的对29例肾上腺肿瘤患者行射频消融（RFA）治疗，研究其近期局部治疗效果、不良反应和副作用。方法肾上腺肿瘤患者共29例，病灶总数31个，其中直径≤2．0cm的病灶共5个，2．1-4．0cm者18个，4．1-6．0cm者5个，≥6．1cm者3个，经RFA治疗1个月后行螺旋CT双期增强扫描评价肿瘤治疗效果。结果上述病灶经消融治疗后达到完全坏死者分别为5个、18个、3个、2个。患者无严重并发症出现。结论RFA治疗安全可靠，副作用小，是治疗肾上腺恶性肿瘤的有效方法之一。     

Cytotoxic lipid esters from Peucedanum ledebourielloides

Two cancer cell growth inhibitory esters, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-glucosyl glycerol (1) and 1,6-dihydroxy-hexane-bis-palmitoyl ester (2), together with arachidic acid-2-hydroxy-glycerol ester, daucosterol, and oleanolic acid, were isolated from the roots of Peucedanum ledebourielloides (Apiaceae family). The structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The esters 1 and 2 displayed significant activity against the SGC-7901, HT-29, and HL-60 cancer cell lines.     

155例中学生正畸治疗依从性分析

目的研究中学生牙齿畸形患者的心理意识与正畸治疗依从性的关系。方法随机选取来我院口腔科门诊进行正畸治疗的155名13～19岁的中学生牙齿畸形患者,采用问卷调查,结合临床追踪调查的方法进行研究。结果中学生牙齿畸形患者治疗依从性与患者的自我意识水平、艾森克人格内外向等因子存在明显的相关关系。结论自我意识水平较高、偏外向和中间型人格的中学生牙齿畸形患者治疗依从性较好。     

Influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation in pigs with intracranial hypertension

BACKGROUND: Moderate hypothermia is one of the effective therapeutic methods for head injury in recent years, there are many mechanisms of moderate hypothermia for brain protection, and its influence on cerebral oxygenation is also one of them. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of moderate hypothermia on cerebral oxygenation of animals with acute intracranial hypertension, and further investigate the protective mechanism of moderate hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital affiliated to the Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. MATERIALS: Twenty healthy little pigs, either male or female, weighing 4.5–5.5 kg, were used. Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system (Diametrics Company, British); CMA/100 micro-injection pump (Carnegie Company, Sweden). METHODS: The experiment was conducted in the Changzheng Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in November, 2001. The pigs were randomized into two groups: the normothermia group (control group, n =10) and moderate hypothermia group (n =10). ① Bilateral femoral arteries were separated, one was connected to pressometer for monitoring mean arterial pressure (MEP), and the other for analysis of blood gases [including peripheral blood pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), HCO3–]. ② Rectal temperature was monitored with mercurial thermometer. ③ Intracranial pressure was monitored using Camino optic ICP probe placed in the subdural space. ④ Neurotrend multiparameter monitoring sensor was inserted into the white matter for about 4 cm to determine cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP, CPP=MAP(ICP), brain tissue partial oxygen pressure (PO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), HCO3– and brain temperature. The rectal temperature of animals in the moderate hypothermia group was lowered to 34 ℃ using ice bags, and the body temperature was maintained at 33–35 ℃ for 2 hours. The changes of the parameters were observed continuously, and the pigs in the normothermia group were not treated with cooling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP; Indexes of cerebral oxygenation detected with Neurotrend-typed multiparameter monitoring system; ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group. RESULTS: All the 20 pigs were involved in the analysis of results. ① MAP, ICP, rectal temperature, CCP and indexes of cerebral oxygenation: In the moderate hypothermia group, the ICP after cooling was obviously lower than that before cooling [(3.31±1.19), (5.33±0.95) kPa, P < 0.05], CCP was higher, brain tissue PCO2 [(12.03±1.73), (10.59±2.01) kPa, P < 0.05], and brain tissue pH value was higher [(7.03±1.63), (9.40±1.30) kPa, P < 0.05], whereas the brain temperature was decreased as compared with that before cooling [(34.9±0.3), (37.2±0.2) ℃, P < 0.05]. ② Results of blood gases analysis in the moderate hypothermia group: There were no significant differences in the parameters of peripheral arterial blood gases analysis before and after cooling in the moderate hypothermia group (P > 0.05) CONCLUSION: Moderate hypothermia will not impair the cerebral oxygenation, and it can reduce brain tissue CO2 and decrease brain tissue acidosis.     

抽动障碍中医证型与血清单胺类物质的相关性研究

目的 观察抽动障碍不同中医证型患者血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素等单胺类神经递质的水平,并探讨各证型之间血清神经递质的水平是否存在差别.方法 采用化学荧光法测定46例抽动障碍患者(病例组)血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素水平,并与40例正常儿童(对照组)进行比较.结果 病例组血清多巴胺为0.449μg/ml,对照组为0.210μg/ml;病例组血清去甲肾上腺素为0.227μg/ml,对照组为0.127μg/ml,两组各均值比较,病例组血清多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素均显著高于对照组.病例组外风侵袭、肝风内动型,或兼气郁化火型,或兼脾虚痰聚型,或兼阴虚风动型血清多巴胺水平分别为0.316、0.400、0.235、0.247μg/ml,四者比较有显著性差异;病例组符证型血清去甲.肾上腺素水平分别为0.203、0.224、0.144、0.154μg/ml,四者比较差异有显著性.结论 抽动障碍患者存在多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素水平异常,且各证型血清多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素水平有明显差异,而尤其以外风侵袭、肝风内动兼气郁化火型水平最高.     

对诊断PADAM的游离睾酮指数的评估

目的 评价诊断中老年男子部分雄激素缺乏综合征（PADAM）的游离睾酮指数（FTI）.方法 对129例45岁以上健康男性的FTI进行年龄相关分析.以推算的游离睾酮（CFT）值为依据,对FTI进行有效性检验.结果 男子在中老年期FTI与增龄呈明显的负相关.FTI敏感性97.78%,特异性58.33%.结论 计算简单的FTI可用于PADAM病人的筛选和随访,尤其对70岁以上男子是血清FT较为有效的参数.     

距骨骨折的手术治疗

目的探讨距骨骨折的特点、类型、手术方法及影响疗效的相关因素。方法1998年12月至2004年12月,共治疗距骨骨折39例,根据Hawkins分型方法,型骨折5例,型骨折25例,型骨折9例。型骨折采用松质骨拉力螺钉内固定;、型骨折行急诊手术,其中型骨折采用前外侧切口暴露,解剖复位,2枚松质骨拉力螺钉交叉内固定;型骨折采用踝前内侧切口暴露,解剖复位,松质骨拉力螺钉内固定,伴有内踝骨折时同时复位内固定,并以自体髂骨块跨骨折线嵌入植骨。术后短腿管形石膏外固定12~24周,X线片示骨折线模糊后拆石膏行不负重下踝关节活动,骨折线消失后恢复伤前活动。结果除2例失访外,37例获得随访。随访时间1.5~6年,平均3年。根据Hawkins疗效标准判定,优12例(32.4%),良17例(45.9%),可6例(16.2%),差2例(5.4%),优良率为78.4%。结论距骨骨折虽然并发症多且后果严重,但是通过急诊手术、解剖复位、有效内固定、自体髂骨块嵌入植骨、局部封闭、理疗等综合治疗,可降低病残率。