The host defense peptide LL‐37 is detected in human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and expressed in glandular neutrophils

The human host defense peptide, LL‐37, is an important player in the first line of defense against invading microorganisms. LL‐37 and its precursor, hCAP18, have been detected in unstimulated whole saliva but no reports showing hCAP18/LL‐37 in isolated, parotid, and/or submandibular/sublingual saliva have been presented. Here, we measured the levels of hCAP18/LL‐37 in human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and investigated the expression of hCAP18/LL‐37 in parotid and submandibular gland tissue. Parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva was collected from healthy volunteers, and the levels of hCAP18/LL‐37 in saliva were analyzed by dot blot, ELISA, and western blotting. Cellular expression of hCAP18/LL‐37 in human parotid and submandibular glands was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Immunoreactivity for hCAP18/LL‐37 was detected in both parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva of all individuals. The concentration of hCAP18/LL‐37 was similar in parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva, and was determined by densitometric scanning of each dot and normalization to the total protein concentration of each sample, and by ELISA. Double immunohistochemistry revealed that intravascular neutrophils of both parotid and submandibular glands express hCAP18/LL‐37. For the first time, we demonstrate hCAP18/LL‐37 in isolated human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and expression of hCAP18/LL‐37 in glandular intravascular neutrophils, indicating that neutrophils of the major salivary glands contribute to the LL‐37 content of whole saliva.     

应用解剖型补片行开放TEP腹股沟疝修补术效果研究

目的 通过应用解剖型补片行开放TEP腹股沟疝修补术与应用双层补片行无张力疝修补法进行比较,探讨解剖型补片行开放TEP手术的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析我院2010年1月至2011年9月收治的腹股沟斜疝患者109例,随机分为实验组(开放TEP组)和对照组(双层补片组).分析二组患者的手术时间、术后发生疼痛、神经感觉异常、阴囊肿胀、尿潴留、复发等情况以及恢复正常活动的时间等指标.结果 实验组的各项指标均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 应用解剖型补片的开放TEP手术具有手术操作简单、操作时间短、创口小、损伤小的优点,更符合人体生理解剖特点,尤其在双侧腹股沟疝修补手术的应用中更具有优势,值得临床推广.     

老年慢性呼吸衰竭死亡的相关因素分析

目的探讨老年慢性呼吸衰竭死亡的相关因素。方法回顾性分析昆明医学院第二附属医院2008年9月至2010年12月因慢性呼吸衰竭死亡的老年患者32例(死亡组)和经过治疗好转的患者36例(对照组)的临床资料和血气指标,进行对比研究。分析性别、年龄、过敏史、吸烟史、基础疾病、并发症、住院天数、胸部X线片、心电图、使用剂量呼吸兴奋剂和利尿剂、APACHEⅡ评分、呼吸道感染程度、营养状况等影响死亡的相关性因素。结果死亡组患者并发症的发生率、使用剂量呼吸兴奋剂和利尿剂、呼吸道感染程度、营养状况、APACHEⅡ评分等与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在治疗老年慢性呼吸衰竭时,防止呼吸道感染,加强营养支持,减少并发症的发生,合理利用利尿剂和呼吸兴奋剂可以降低病死率。     

卡培他滨单药与联合参芪扶正注射液治疗中晚期胃癌临床疗效的比较研究

目的探讨卡培他滨单药与联合参芪扶正注射液治疗中晚期胃癌的疗效。方法 2014年7月至2015年7月以上海中医药大学附属龙华医院普外科组织病理学确诊初治晚期胃癌患者52例为研究对象,随机序贯法分为卡培他滨联合参芪扶正注射液治疗组(卡培他滨联合组)和卡培他滨单用组(卡培他滨组),4个疗程后比较近期疗效、不良反应率及生活质量改善差异。结果卡培他滨联合组疗效方面与卡培他滨组,有差异但无统计学意义(P0.05)。卡培他滨组不良反应率较高,与卡培他滨联合组比较,在减轻胃肠道反应和神经毒性方面差异有统计学意义(P0.05);改善生活质量方面,卡培他滨联合组优于卡培他滨组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论卡培他滨联合参芪扶正注射液治疗晚期胃癌能显著增加疗效,具有临床应用价值。     

幕上下锁孔入路的显微解剖研究

目的探讨岩斜区幕上下锁孔入路显微解剖,为岩斜区手术入路提供解剖学依据。方法在10例国人成人头颅湿标本上,在手术显微镜下观察,测量幕上下锁孔入路的重要显微结构;对手术前后共10例标本进行3D-CT颅骨重建:并对重要结构进行测量。结果通过幕上下锁孔入路,可涉及的重要解剖区域包括三叉神经、面听神经、岩骨内部结构、脑干腹侧间隙等,重要参数包括岩骨嵴磨除范围。结论岩斜区幕上下锁孔入路是手术治疗岩斜区肿瘤的灵活运用的手术入路。     

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??OBJECTIVE Based on Guideline for Comprehensive Evaluation of Medicine in China, to make a comprehensive evaluation of Recombinant Human Interferon beta 1a,Rebif^?k. METHODS Induction, summary and analyses were used, mainly according to National Pharmacopeias, diagnosis and treatment guidelines, drug instruction, clinical study literatures and official data related with Rebif, based on the nine sections of the Guideline including safety, efficiency, compliance, pharmacoeconomics and so on. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The evaluation of Rebif is objective and comprehensive. The Guideline for Comprehensive Evaluation of Medicine in China is a relatively complete pharmaceutical review system.     

Short-term environmental enrichment exposure induces proliferation and maturation of doublecortin-positive cells in the prefrontal cortex

Previous studies have demonstrated that doublecortin-positive immature neurons exist pre- dominantly in the superficial layer of the cerebral cortex of adult mammals such as guinea pigs, and these neurons exhibit very weak properties of self-proliferation during adulthood under physiological conditions. To verify whether environmental enrichment has an impact on the proliferation and maturation of these immature neurons in the prefrontal cortex of adult guinea pigs, healthy adult guinea pigs were subjected to short-term environmental enrichment. Animals were allowed to play with various cognitive and physical stimulating objects over a period of 2 weeks, twice per day, for 60 minutes each. Immunofluorescence staining results indicated that the number of doublecortin-positive cells in layer II of the prefrontal cortex was significantly increased after short-term environmental enrichment exposure. In addition, these doublecortin-positive cells co-expressed 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine （a marker of cell prolifera- tion）, c-Fos （a marker of cell viability） and NeuN （a marker of mature neurons）. Experimental findings showed that short-term environmental enrichment can induce proliferation, activation and maturation of doublecortin-positive cells in layer II of the prefrontal cortex of adult guinea pigs.     

医学影像存储与传输系统的流程优化

目的：集成医学影像存储与传输系统（PACS）与医院信息系统（HIS）,提高PACS的效率,提升用户的使用体验。方法：对系统应用中存在的问题进行深入分析,采用流程优化、软件优化和硬件升级的方式对PACS进行优化。结果：实现了PACS与HIS的互联,提高了PACS的整体性能,提升了用户的使用体验,扩展了PACS的应用范围。结论：确定优化方案前应深入分析现有问题,以系统流程、软件环境的优化为主,硬件设备的升级更换为辅。