Effect of Cycloheximide on the Adaptive Response Induced by Low Dose Radiation

Human lymphocytes pre-exposed to 10 mGy or 50mGy of X-rays become less sensitive to subsequent large dose irradiation,exhibited lower rate of chromosome aberration than expected.This adaptive response could be inhibited by cycloheximide,a protein synthesis inhibitor for successive 2h period ranging from 0.5h before to 4h after the low dose exposure,indicating that the adaptive response was directly related with the protein synthesis.     

乳腺囊性增生病癌变过程中部分因素变化的意义

检测乳腺囊性增生病（ＦＣＤ）经不典型增生到癌变部分因素的变化。结果提示：从因明显ＦＣＤ症状活检至癌变为２～１０年；从Ⅱ级以上不典型增生到临床癌变需２～７年；癌变率为３．１％。ＦＣＤ患者存在性激素分泌调控失常，血浆雌激素和催乳素含量增加，导致上皮细胞增生。乳腺一般性增生细胞的ＤＮＡ含量和超微结构与正常乳腺上皮细胞相似；无肿瘤相关抗原及异常基因产物表达。而发生在一般性增生基础上的不典型增生则呈现细胞基因物质ＤＮＡ含量增加，部分为超４Ｃ的多倍体细胞；同时出现细胞膜和细胞核超微结构异常；雌激素受体含量增加，对性激素的依赖性和敏感性增强；部分不典型增生细胞出现胚胎性肿瘤相关抗原和异常基因产物表达。随不典型增生程度加重至乳腺癌，上述诸因素的变化趋势具有明显规律性。提示ＦＣＤ上皮细胞从一般性增生经不典型增生至乳腺癌为细胞生物学连续逐渐变化的过程。部分不典型增生细胞中具有癌倾向的细胞生物学行为异常和表型变化与乳腺癌发生密切相关。细胞核ＤＮＡ含量等异常变化及程度可作为乳腺癌前病变发展程度的客观标志     

Significance of IgM deposition in IgA nephropathy: an appraisal based on renal re-biopsy

Repeated renal biopsies were performed in 30 patients with primary IgA nephropathy at intervals of 6-55 months during 1983-1988. Histological and immunopathological studies were conducted for each patient and comparisons were made between the 1st and 2nd biopsy. It was found that the frequency of IgM deposition in the renal glomeruli increased significantly during the course of illness from 11/30 to 21/30, while the IgA, IgG and complement (C3, C4, C1q) deposition remained rather stationary. Comparing the group of patients who were deficient in IgM deposits with those who procured this particular Ig during the illness, there were striking differences in the frequency of occurrence of nephrosis, glomerulosclerosis, severe tubular-interstitial lesion and renal insufficiency. The frequency was much higher in the IgM deposited patients In conclusion: (1) Deposition of IgM might happen during the course of IgA nephropathy as a secondary phenomenon. (2) Presence of IgM in the glomeruli immune deposits denote a poor prognosis for patients of IgA nephropathy.     

1.6-氨基辛二酸-8-精-催产素对电针镇痛的影响

<正> 8-精-催产素(8-arginine-vasotocin,AVT)又名管催产素,是松果体分泌的九肽激素,其环状结构部分与催产素(oxytocin,OT)相同,直链部分与精氨酸加压素(Argi-     

尿毒症患者的血小板聚集功能变化及血液透析的影响

本文应用 ADP、肾上腺素及复合诱聚剂对30例慢性肾功能不全(尿毒症期)病人的血小板聚集功能进行了检测,其中5例在血液透析前后分别测定。结果表明尿毒症患者血小板聚集功能障碍,血液透析有助于改善血小板功能。通过相关性检验,发现尿毒症病人的血小板聚集率与血肌酐值呈负相关性,其意义尚需进一步探讨。     

甲壳素制备工艺改进——天然甲壳素的提取

甲壳素制备工艺改进为统一常温进行,操作简便,产品相对收率提高5～10％,同时降低了能耗、机械要求强度、劳动保护条件和生产成本,并经热分析说明产品维持了甲壳素的天然特性,即分子中每结构单元含有1/2分子缔合水,是天然的甲壳素产品并有益于其脱乙酰化物──壳聚糖质量的提高。     

梅罗综合征和螺旋体感染的关系

用Ｗａｒｔｈｉｎ－Ｓｔａｒｒｙ螺旋体特殊染色法及透射电镜观察，分别在１９例肉芽肿性唇炎和５例梅罗综合征（ＭＲＳ）病人的病变组织内发现有螺旋体存在，并对其在光，电镜下的形态和在病变组织内的分布部位进行了描述。经用大刘量青霉素治疗１１例病人，１０例有效。本结果为ＭＲＳ的发可能和螺旋体感染有关的推测提供了依据。     

Inhibition of rat liver NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase (DT-diaphorase) by flavonoids isolated from the Chinese herb scutellariae radix (Huang Qin).

The glucuronide conjugates of oroxylin A and two other flavones, baicalein, and wogonin, were isolated from the methanol extract of the herb scutellariae radix (Huang Qin) and were found to be inhibitors of rat liver NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2). Baicalin (baicalein 7-O-glucuronide) and oroxylin-A 7-O-glucuronide are approximately 50-fold more potent than wogonin 7-O-glucuronide. The enzyme kinetic analysis revealed that oroxylin-A 7-O-glucuronide is a competitive inhibitor with respect to NADH (the electron donor), with a Ki value of 63 nM. Considering the similarities of their structures and inhibition kinetics to those of dicoumarol, it is thought that oroxylin-A 7-O-glucuronide and the other two flavonoids bind to an identical site and inhibit this quinone reductase in the same fashion as dicoumarol. The results also suggest that the inhibition of NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase or another vitamin K reductase by oroxylin-A 7-O-glucuronide and the related flavonoids may be one of the steps associated with the anticoagulation action of the herb. These compounds are potentially useful anticoagulant drugs.     

S-100 beta and insulin-like growth factor-II differentially regulate growth of developing serotonin and dopamine neurons in vitro.

To study the phenotypic specificity of S-100 beta and insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) for developing monoamine neurons, serotonin (5-HT) neurons from the embryonic day 14 (E14) rostral raphe or dopamine (TH) neurons from the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area were cultured for 3 days in vitro (3 DIV) in the presence of these factors. Neuronotrophic effects were analyzed by computer-assisted morphometry of 5-HT and TH-immunoreactive neurons. S-100 beta and IGF-II differentially regulated the growth of 5-HT and TH neurons but did not affect their survival. S-100 beta significantly increased several parameters of neurite outgrowth by 5-HT neurons but inhibited the spatial extent (field area) of TH neurites. IGF-II promoted growth of cell bodies of both phenotype, but only stimulated neurite outgrowth by TH neurons. S-100 beta and IGF-II differentially affected the number of GFAP immunoreactive cells from raphe and substantia nigra, but these effects did not correlate with the specificity of neuronotrophic effects. S-100 beta and IGF-II immunoreactivities were expressed in glial cultures derived from the same brain regions, raising the possibility that these factors have autocrine effects on glia as well as paracrine actions on neurons. The results of this study suggest that specificity of neurotrophic factors for particular embryonic neurons may be correlated with their neurotransmitter phenotype.