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Lung surfactant protein D (SP-D) and the molecular diverted descendants: conglutinin,CL-43 and CL-46 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Abstract 相似文献
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A network of molecules, which recognizes pathogens, work together to establish a quick and efficient immune response to infectious agents. Molecules containing a fibrinogen related domain in invertebrates and vertebrates have been implicated in immune responses against pathogens, and characterized as pattern recognition molecules. Ficolins are soluble oligomeric proteins composed of trimeric collagen-like regions linked to fibrinogen-related domains (FReDs) that have the ability to sense molecular patterns on both pathogens and apoptotic cell surfaces and activate the complement system. The ficolins have acetyl-binding properties, which have been localized to different binding sites in the FReD-region. A newly discovered tetrameric transmembrane protein, FIBCD1, likewise binds acetylated structures via the highly conserved FReD. This review presents current knowledge on acetyl binding FReD-containing molecules, and discusses structural resemblance but also diversity in recognition of acetylated ligands. 相似文献
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Fifty years ago, in 1961, Feinstein published his first path-breaking articles leading to his seminal work Clinical Judgement
and to the establishment of clinical epidemiology. Feinstein had an Aristotelian approach to scientific method: methods must
be adapted to the material examined. Feinstein died 10 years ago and few years before his death he concluded that efforts
to promote a person-oriented medicine had failed. He criticised medicine for not having recognized that only persons can suitably
observe, evaluate and rate their own health status. Feinstein’s position was—as in Clinical Judgement—methodological. He didn’t
espouse ethical principles. He pointed to methodological deficiencies in clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine.
In this article we’ll provide a framework for understanding and justifying Feinstein’s call for a person-oriented medicine
which recognizes patients as co-actors in clinical reasoning. It’s argued that craftsmanship and practical wisdom are integrated
in clinical judgement and reasoning and that clinical reasoning is not only about means to achieve the end, health. We do
also reason and deliberate about ends. The ‘defining end’ of medicine (health) has continuously been negotiated and so been
the object of deliberation. For centuries among professionals, in recent years among professionals and patients. These negotiations
and deliberations lead to ongoing specifications of health as a ‘guiding end’, i.e. an end guiding clinical reasoning about
what to do in particular situations. Feinstein’s self-critical account to clinical epidemiology at the end of his professional
career reflects the fact that patients during the last 30–40 years (i.e. in the period after the publication of Clinical Judgement)
widely have been recognized as persons with rights to autonomy. Feinstein’s lesson is, however, that espousing and recognizing
ethical ideals is not enough. A change of clinical practice and its methods is necessary. His critique also implies that clinical
epidemiology and evidence-based medicine as practiced haven’t provided such a turn. 相似文献
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Ramus SJ Kartsonaki C Gayther SA Pharoah PD Sinilnikova OM Beesley J Chen X McGuffog L Healey S Couch FJ Wang X Fredericksen Z Peterlongo P Manoukian S Peissel B Zaffaroni D Roversi G Barile M Viel A Allavena A Ottini L Papi L Gismondi V Capra F Radice P Greene MH Mai PL Andrulis IL Glendon G Ozcelik H;OCGN Thomassen M Gerdes AM Kruse TA Cruger D Jensen UB Caligo MA Olsson H Kristoffersson U Lindblom A Arver B Karlsson P Stenmark Askmalm M Borg A Neuhausen SL Ding YC Nathanson KL Domchek SM 《Journal of the National Cancer Institute》2011,103(2):105-116
100.
Martínez VG Moestrup SK Holmskov U Mollenhauer J Lozano F 《Pharmacological reviews》2011,63(4):967-1000
The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily of soluble or membrane-bound protein receptors is characterized by the presence of one or several repeats of an ancient and highly conserved protein module, the SRCR domain. This superfamily (SRCR-SF) has been in constant and progressive expansion, now up to more than 30 members. The study of these members is attracting growing interest, which parallels that in innate immunity. No unifying function has been described to date for the SRCR domains, this being the result of the limited knowledge still available on the physiology of most members of the SRCR-SF, but also of the sequence versatility of the SRCR domains. Indeed, involvement of SRCR-SF members in quite different functions, such as pathogen recognition, modulation of the immune response, epithelial homeostasis, stem cell biology, and tumor development, have all been described. This has brought to us new information, unveiling the possibility that targeting or supplementing SRCR-SF proteins could result in diagnostic and/or therapeutic benefit for a number of physiologic and pathologic states. Recent research has provided structural and functional insight into these proteins, facilitating the development of means to modulate the activity of SRCR-SF members. Indeed, some of these approaches are already in use, paving the way for a more comprehensive use of SRCR-SF members in the clinic. The present review will illustrate some available evidence on the potential of well known and new members of the SRCR-SF in this regard. 相似文献