Y-盒结合蛋白1在乳腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：检测Y-盒结合蛋白1（YB-1）在乳腺癌及癌旁正常乳腺组织中的表达,探讨其与乳腺癌发生、发展的关系。方法收集河北大学附属医院2012年9月至11月期间手术切除的乳腺癌组织（均为术后石蜡病理确诊为浸润性导管癌）标本30例,癌旁正常乳腺组织标本10例。应用免疫组织化学染色的方法检测组织中 YB-1的表达。结果免疫组化结果显示,YB-1在癌旁正常乳腺组织细胞中无表达或低表达;在乳腺癌组织中高表达,阳性表达率为80%,与癌旁正常乳腺组织相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。YB-1在Ⅰ期乳腺癌组织中的免疫组化评分显著低于Ⅱ期乳腺癌组织（2.6±1.511 vs.4.2±1.182, P＜0.05）。YB-1在无腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组织中的表达显著低于伴腋窝淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组织（2.8±1.15 vs.5.1±0.74,P＜0.05）。结论 YB-1乳腺癌中表达上调与乳腺癌临床分期及淋巴结转移有关。     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向肾小管上皮样细胞分化

Objective To investigate the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to renal tubular epithelial-like cells under different conditions. Methods MSCs were obtained from rat marrow. MSCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation and plastic adherence and then purified. Surface markers were identified with flow cytometry after amplification in vitro. The purified MSCs of the third passage were cultured respectively as follows: (1) control group: DMEM medium with fetal bovine serum(FBS). (2) all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA and ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate. (3)combination group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA, ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). After 7 days, the MSCs were collected for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining, cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin immunocytochemical analysis. Results The positive rates of the third passage MSCs in CD44, CD90 and CD29 were 97.8%±0.9%, 96.8%±1.4% and 97.6%±2.4%,respectively, but in CD11b/c and CD34 were only 13.2%±0.6% and 1.2%±0.5%. The MSCs in control group were spindle. The MSCs in ATRA group were round and elliptic. The MSCs in combination group became cobblestone-like cells after 7 days. AKP staining showed that tubular epithelial-like cells from MSCs in control group were negative, some above cells in ATRA group were positive and number of above cells increased in combination group. Compared with negative control group, the ratios of cytokeratin-18 positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increassed by 29.47%±1.08% and 47.52%±2.13% (all P<0.05), the ratios of E-cadherin positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increased by 14.88%±2.46% and 36.15%±1.13% (all P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs may differentiate by renal tubular epithelial-like cells under the induction of ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate and ATRA in vitro, which are further differentiated under the combined induction of EGF and BMP-7.     

Exoanal Imaging of the Anal Sphincters

Since its introduction in the early 1990s, endoanal sonography has become the mainstay of morphologic assessment of the anal canal and sphincter, especially for obstetric anal sphincter trauma. Lack of availability of suitable systems and the invasive nature of the method have limited uptake and clinical utility. More recently, exoanal or transperineal/translabial tomographic imaging has been developed as a noninvasive alternative. This pictorial overview aims to introduce the reader to this new diagnostic modality and to demonstrate common findings in asymptomatic and symptomatic women.     

2011～2013年广西社区肝癌和鼻咽癌联合筛查及追踪分析

目的 在肝癌和鼻咽癌高发区进行联合筛查,建立肝癌、鼻咽癌高危人群队列及“双阳性”人群队列,定期复查和追踪,分析高危人群的自然转化规律,探究“双阳性”人群与肝癌或者鼻咽癌高危人群的区别.方法 采用酶联免疫法对广西某社区人群进行“乙肝两对半”和“EB病毒VCA-IgA抗体”联合检测,且每年复查.结果 2011年建立了983例肝癌高危人群、639例鼻咽癌高危人群和70例“双阳性”人群队列.2012年复查“双阳性”人群中EB病毒VCA-IgA抗体的自然转阴率低于鼻咽癌高危人群（P=0.005＜0.05）.而2013年复查“双阳性”人群中EB病毒VCA-IgA抗体自然转阴率则明显高于鼻咽癌高危人群（P=0.000＜0.05）.结论 同时感染HBV和EBV后,两病毒之间可能存在一定的相互作用,“双阳性”人群的防治应区别于肝癌或鼻咽癌高危人群;“双阳性”的早期发现是肝癌和鼻咽癌防治的重要策略之一,且复查工作应持续进行.     

经肛肠梗阻导管减压联合腹腔镜手术在结直肠恶性梗阻性疾病中的临床应用

目的 评价经肛肠梗阻导管置入冲洗减压联合腹腔镜手术在急性梗阻性左半结直肠癌治疗中的临床应用价值.方法 回顾性分析49例行经肛肠梗阻导管置入冲洗减压的急性梗阻性左半结直肠癌患者的临床资料,观察患者置管前后腹围、腹腔内压力、导管引流量、症状缓解程度及影像学检查,评估减压效果.置管冲洗术后9～11d限期行腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术并一期切除吻合.结果 49例患者中45例置管成功,患者腹围由置管前的( 101.0±5.0) cm降为置管后的( 87.0±3.0) cm,差异有统计学意义(P=0.020);腹腔内压力由置管前的(26.5±3.4) cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)降为置管后的(13.7±2.8) cm H2O,差异有统计学意义(P=0.015);导管引流量800～ 2500ml/d,术后l～4d立位腹部X线平片或CT较术前明显好转.40例经腹腔镜手术并一期切除吻合,无严重并发症发生.结论 经肛肠梗阻导管置入冲洗减压联合腹腔镜手术在急性梗阻性左半结直肠癌治疗中的临床应用符合损伤控制性外科和快速康复外科理念.     

改良型托盘对下颌全口义齿印模的影响

目的:观察改良型托盘与传统托盘对下颌全口义齿印模的影响,比较义齿修复后的临床效果。方法:对60例无牙颌牙槽嵴条件较差病例进行两种印模方法制取下颌全口义齿印模,义齿戴入后对义齿的固位功能、黏膜情况,舒适性、咀嚼功能、食物嵌塞5项内容进行评价。结果:两组病例在舒适程度、黏膜情况、食物嵌塞、咀嚼功能等方面无显著性差异,P>0.05;但在固位功能方面改良型托盘组明显优于传统托盘组,P<0.05。结论:改良型托盘制取的印模显著提高了下颌全口义齿的吸附力,可以普遍应用于牙槽嵴或黏膜条件差的无牙颌修复患者。     

抗总黄曲霉毒素单克隆抗体2G2 F(ab'')2片段的特性

目的:研究经无花果蛋白酶酶切后所得的抗总黄曲霉毒素单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段的特性,为研制开发特异性、灵敏度较高的黄曲霉毒素B1抗独特型单克隆、多克隆抗体提供科学依据.方法:在制备出抗总黄曲霉毒素单克隆抗体2G2株及其2G2 F(ab′)2片段的基础上,采用非还原SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(非还原SDS-PAGE)和酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对单抗2G2及其F(ab′)2片段的特性进行研究并加以比较.结果:单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段和单抗2G2的相对分子质量分别为105 000和180 000.单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段和单抗2G2的比效价分别为3.33和1.25.单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段的最低检出限和达到50%竞争抑制率时的检出限分别为0.17 μg/L和0.67μg/L,单抗2 G2的分别为0.47 μg/L和1 92 μg/L.单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段的亲和力常数为2.95×10-9 mol/L,单抗2G2的亲和力常数为1.52×10-10 mol/L.结论:单抗2G2 F(ab′)2片段灵敏度优于完整抗体,可利用其生产特异性和灵敏度较高的黄曲霉毒素B1抗独特型多克隆和单克隆抗体.     

体外诱导骨髓间充质干细胞向肾小管上皮样细胞分化

Objective To investigate the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to renal tubular epithelial-like cells under different conditions. Methods MSCs were obtained from rat marrow. MSCs were isolated by gradient density centrifugation and plastic adherence and then purified. Surface markers were identified with flow cytometry after amplification in vitro. The purified MSCs of the third passage were cultured respectively as follows: (1) control group: DMEM medium with fetal bovine serum(FBS). (2) all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA and ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate. (3)combination group: DMEM medium with FBS, ATRA, ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). After 7 days, the MSCs were collected for alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining, cytokeratin-18 and E-cadherin immunocytochemical analysis. Results The positive rates of the third passage MSCs in CD44, CD90 and CD29 were 97.8%±0.9%, 96.8%±1.4% and 97.6%±2.4%,respectively, but in CD11b/c and CD34 were only 13.2%±0.6% and 1.2%±0.5%. The MSCs in control group were spindle. The MSCs in ATRA group were round and elliptic. The MSCs in combination group became cobblestone-like cells after 7 days. AKP staining showed that tubular epithelial-like cells from MSCs in control group were negative, some above cells in ATRA group were positive and number of above cells increased in combination group. Compared with negative control group, the ratios of cytokeratin-18 positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increassed by 29.47%±1.08% and 47.52%±2.13% (all P<0.05), the ratios of E-cadherin positive cells in ATRA group and combination group were respectively increased by 14.88%±2.46% and 36.15%±1.13% (all P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs may differentiate by renal tubular epithelial-like cells under the induction of ischemic reperfusion-injured kidney tissue homogenate and ATRA in vitro, which are further differentiated under the combined induction of EGF and BMP-7.     

掌侧锁定接骨板与普通接骨板治疗桡骨远端骨折疗效的比较

目的 比较掌侧锁定接骨板与普通接骨板治疗桡骨远端骨折的长期疗效.方法 对2005年9月-2007年11月间,采用切开复位掌侧锁定接骨板或普通接骨板内固定的45例随访资料完整的患者,进行两种疗法的比较.其中23例行锁定接骨板内固定,22例行普通接骨板内固定.按照AO分型:A型11例,B型11例,C型23例.随访内容包括:腕关节活动度(屈曲、背伸、尺偏、桡偏),前臂旋前、旋后活动范围,影像学资料(尺偏角、掌倾角、桡骨高度),应用DASH上肢功能评定标准和Gartland/Wertey腕关节评分法进行评分.结果 术后随访时间平均为18.8个月(12～36个月).腕关节活动度中,锁定板组背伸及两组的桡偏范围低于Gartland/Werley腕关节评分的基本范围.两组DASH值、腕关节活动度及前臂旋转范围,握力、捏力的恢复差异无统计学意义.Gartland/Werley腕关节评分普通接骨板治疗组优于锁定接骨板治疗组,差异有统计学意义.掌倾角均值两组都低于正常范围,尺偏角与桡骨高度均值在正常范围内,两组间差异无统计学意义.结论 掌侧锁定接骨板与普通接骨板在桡骨远端骨折治疗中具有相同疗效.