结肠镜在结直肠外科疾病中的诊治

目的探讨应用结肠镜(内镜)对常见结直肠外科疾病的诊治,以提高利用内镜进行诊治的安全性及疗效。方法回顾2001~2005年间1231例行内镜诊治的病人,其中行内镜治疗76例,包括大肠息肉62例、乙状结肠扭转4例、假性结肠梗阻5例及急性结肠出血5例。总结操作体会,分析疗效及并发症的原因。结果内镜下治疗62例大肠息肉,共132枚,无并发继发性出血及迟发性穿孔。21例结肠梗阻病人行内镜检查,19例明确梗阻原因及部位。对4例乙状结肠扭转行内镜下复位,3例成功,另1例经二次复位后仍复发,予以手术治愈。对5例假性结肠梗阻行内镜下减压,随访3个月,4例治愈。5例急性结直肠出血,4例发现出血灶,4例内镜下止血成功。结论内镜提高了结直肠外科疾病的诊治水平,创伤小,应用中要严格掌握适应证,改进操作技术,减少并发症。     

植入前遗传学诊断"知情同意"的影响因素与对策

植入前遗传学诊断（Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis PGD）是辅助生育技术与分子生物学技术相结合而发展的孕前遗传学诊断技术,在植入子宫前淘汰了遗传异常的胚胎,是产前诊断技术的重大进展.但是,由于技术本身存在着一定局限性和不确定性,同时,受到病人认知能力等因素的影响,由此引发了系列伦理学争议.在进行PGD前,一个明了、详尽的患者知情同意过程是必须的.包括通俗全面告知PGD有关信息、手术和检测的局限性和可能结果;充分告知通过PGD所获得的利益和风险.在此基础上针对不同的遗传病检测签署详细的书面知情同意书.     

HPLC法测定复方板蓝根颗粒中靛玉红的含量

目的:建立复方板蓝根颗粒中靛玉红的含量测定方法.方法:C18柱, 以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(65∶35)为流动相,检测波长为289 nm.结果:供试品中靛玉红得到很好的分离与测定,其线性范围为0.02224～0.2224 μg(r＝0.9998),平均回收率为99.31%(n=5),RSD为2.54%.结论:该方法简便准确,重现性好,可用于复方板蓝根颗粒的质量控制.     

Clinicopathologic and genetic profile of intracranial marginal zone lymphoma: a primary low-grade CNS lymphoma that mimics meningioma.

PURPOSE: Although rare overall, marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) is the most common primary low-grade CNS lymphoma reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to elucidate the biology and genetic features of this unusual tumor. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen CNS MZBCLs were studied clinically, pathologically, and genetically, including fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses with commercially available MALT1 and IgH break-apart and centromere 3, 7, 12, and 18 probes. RESULTS: CNS MZBCLs preferentially affect middle-aged women (female-to-male ratio, 4:1), with 93% presenting as dural-based masses mimicking meningioma. Ten patients with 1 to 7.6 years of follow-up after diagnosis showed no evidence of disease after radiation and/or chemotherapy. Like MZBCLs outside of the CNS, they consisted of CD20+, CD3- small B lymphocytes with varying degrees of plasmacytic differentiation and predominantly kappa light-chain restriction (78%). Lymphoid follicles with follicular colonization were seen in three patients and deposition of amyloid was noted in samples from two patients, one of which was tumefactive. Neither Bcl-6 protein nor Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA was expressed. Trisomy 3 was detected in six of 12 patients, with no rearrangements of MALT1 or IgH and no trisomies of 7, 12, or 18 detected. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that intracranial MZBCL is an indolent primary CNS lymphoma that typically presents as a meningioma-like dural-based mass. Trisomy 3, but not MALT1 or IgH translocation, is a common genetic abnormality that may contribute to the pathogenesis of this CNS lymphoma.     

老年原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律与靶器官损害临床观察

目的探讨老年原发性高血压患者血压昼夜节律与靶器官损害的关系.方法入选年龄≥60岁老年原发性高血压病患者150例,通过24小时动态血压监测了解其血压昼夜节律变化,根据血压昼夜节律监测结果为非杓型组(夜间平均血压较白昼平均血压下降值＜10%)78例,另一对照组为杓型72例.所有入选患者检查:超声心动图、颈动脉超声、肌酐清除率、尿微量白蛋白.结果非杓型组的尿微量白蛋白定量和左心室质量指数均高于杓型组(p＜0.01);非杓型组的颈动脉内膜厚度大于杓型组(P＜0.05);左室射血分数和肌酐清除率小于杓型组(P＜0.05).结论血压昼夜节律消失是老年原发性高血压患者靶器官损害的重要危险因素.     

Challenging surgical treatment of giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma: A case report

Liposarcoma is a rare malignant tumor type and surgical resection is the gold standard treatment. The present study reported on the case of a 51-year-old woman who presented with a mass in the left upper abdomen. Computed tomography revealed a 32-cm giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma. Complete tumor resection was performed without the removal of other organs. Postoperative pathological examination indicated retroperitoneal well-differentiated liposarcoma and immunohistochemistry revealed S-100(−), MDM2(+), vimentin(+), CDK4(+), p16(+) and STAT6(+) results. The patient recovered well after the surgery. Complete tumor resection during the first surgery is key to cure liposarcoma. The present case report will be helpful for clinical oncologists to fully understand giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma and treat it accordingly.     

我国放射卫生学学科建设与放射卫生工作回顾

随着人们对电离辐射对人类健康危害的认识,以及随之开展的电离辐射生物效应及防护措施的研究,逐步形成了放射卫生学。因此作为传统的公共卫生体系下的五大卫生之一,放射卫生主要围绕电离辐射对人体健康有害影响及其综合防护措施开展工作。从上世纪三、四十年代起,经过近百年的蓬勃发展,现阶段我国的放射卫生学学科水平和放射卫生工作成效等有了很大提升。本文就放射卫生学研究与我国放射卫生工作的历史、现状、工作内容等情况进行简单的概述,以期为我国放射卫生工作今后的发展提供助力。     

肉苁蓉的本草考证

对历代本草记载的肉苁蓉和草苁蓉的原植物进行了考证,认为肉苁蓉的原植物为荒漠肉苁蓉Cistanche deserticola和盐生肉苁蓉C.salsa,草苁蓉为现今的列当Orobanche coerulescens,并对肉苁蓉的代用品和伪品进行了考证。     

五仁液有效成分分析

应用GC/MS联用技术研究了五仁液有效成分及其相对含量,发现五仁液中含有丰富的酚类、苯甲酸类、脂肪酸等抗微生物的有效成分。该结果证实了五仁液消毒、杀菌和治疗皮肤病的有效性。