国产加贝酯治疗急性出血坏死性胰腺炎疗效观察

根据卫生部卫药发（１９９２）３５号文件，我们进行了开放、对照、多中心Ⅲ期临床研究，以探讨加贝酯对急性出血坏死性胰腺炎的疗效。共观察８５例，治疗组４９例，对照组３６例，我们发现：治疗组有效率为７４．２％，而对照组为３６．０％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；死亡率分别为４．１％与２２．２％（Ｐ＜０．０５）；两组在缓解症状、消退体征与血淀粉酶恢复正常的有效率分别为７５．４％、７１．８％与８１．６％以及３８．８％、３６．０％与４４．４％（Ｐ＜０．０５，三者均同），两组在缓解症状、消退体征与血淀粉酶恢复正常的时间分别为５．４１±２．３８、５．７６±２．３２与４．５８±２．３９以及７．１１±２．４７、７．５５±２．４８与７．５８±１．９５日（Ｐ＜０．０５三者均同）。治疗后血象、肝、肾功能无明显改变。以上表明：本品对急性出血坏死性胰腺炎的治疗安全可靠，有迅速缓解临床症状、降低死亡率与提高存活率之效。     

Prospective study reveals a microbiome signature that predicts the occurrence of post-operative enterocolitis in Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) patients

ABSTRACT

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a birth defect with an approximate incidence of 1/5,000 live births, and up to one-third of HSCR patients develop Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC), the leading cause of HSCR-related death. Very little is known about the pathogenesis, prevention, and early diagnosis of HAEC. Here, we used a prospective study to investigate the enteric microbiome composition at the time of surgery as a predictor for developing postoperative HAEC. We identified a microbiome signature containing 21 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that can potentially predict postoperative HAEC with ~85% accuracy. Furthermore, we identified exclusive breastfeeding as a novel protective factor for total HAEC (i.e., preoperative and postoperative HAEC combined). In addition, we discovered that breastfeeding was associated with a lowered risk for HAEC potentially mediated by modulating the gut microbiome composition characterized by a lower abundance of Gram-negative bacteria and lower LPS concentrations. In conclusion, modulating the gut microbiome by encouraging breastfeeding might prevent HAEC progression in HSCR patients.     

Hypotensive Effects and Mechanisms of Adrenomedullin(13-52)

Adrenomedul1in(AdM)isarecentlydescribed52aminoacidpeptidepresentintheplasmaofnormalman[l1,AdMwasinitiallyisolatedfrompheochromocytomatissueandhasbeenfoundtobesynthesizedbyavarietyoforgansystemsincludingthekidney,adrenalgland,1ung,heartandspleen[="j.Whenadministeredasbolusinjectionsintoanormotensiverat,humanAdMdecreasedb1oodpressure['.'.']andsystemicvascularre-sistance[5].BasedontheseobservationslitwasconcludedthatAdMmayplayanimportantroleinb1oodpressurecontro1[l].However,theeffectsofAdMonh…     

Multidrug resistance reversal in human gastric carcinoma cells by neferine

AIIVI: To investigate the reversal effect of neferine on multidrug resistance in human gastric carcinoma cell line. METHODS: Cells of a human gastric cancer cells line, SGC7901, and its vincristine (VCR) -resistant variant, SGC7901/VCR, were cultivated with or without neferine and/or VCR. The cytotoxic effect of VCR was evaluated by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis induced by VCR was determined by flow cytometry(FCM). The expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and a multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP) in cells was examined by immunofluorescence and FCM. RESULTS: Neferine at the concentration from 2.5 μmol/L to 10 μmol/L had no cytotoxicity to SGC7901 cells, and its variant SGC7901/VCR cells. The ICso of VCR against SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells was 0.059 μg/mL and 2.32 μg/mL, respectively, indicating that SGC7901/VCR cells were 39 times more resistant to VCR than its parent SGC7 901 cells. After treatment with neferine at concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L, the IC50 of VCR to SGC7901/VCR cell line decreased to 0.340, 0.128 and 0.053 μg/mL, respectively,thus, increased the chemosensitivity by 6.8-, 18.1- and 43.8-fold, respectively. SGC7901/VCR cells were apoptosis resistant to VCR. Neferine (2.5, 5 and 10 μmol/L) promoted the VCR-induced apoptosis of SGC7901/VCR cells in a dosedependent manner. The expressions of P-gp and MRP were strongly positive in SGC7901/VCR cells, which were significantly down-regulated after treatment with neferine (10 μmol/L)for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Neferine reverses multidrug resistance of human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/VCR cells, which may be associated with the down-regulations of P-gp and MRP expression in SGC701/VCR cells.     

Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva: disabling angina and syncope with noninterarterial courses case report of two patients

Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the right sinus of Valsalva or the right coronary artery is a rare coronary anomaly. This anomaly has been associated with sudden cardiac death in younger patients, depending on its course relative to the pulmonary artery. The authors report this rare anomaly in two patients. It presented as unstable angina in the first patient with a septal course. In the second patient, it presented as syncope with an anterior free wall course and absent left circumflex artery. A septal course causing unstable angina has not been reported previously.     

风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性心房颤动患者白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α蛋白表达的研究

目的 观察风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性心房颤动(房颤)患右心耳白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)蛋白表达的改变。方法将48例接受心脏外科手术的风湿性瓣膜病患于术中获取的右心耳分为两组,其中窦性心律组27例,慢性房颤组21例,采用病理学检查评价心房组织炎症细胞浸润和纤维化,采用免疫组织化学检查评价IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白表达的变化。结果慢性房颤患心房组织有显的纤维化,而且其心房肌细胞IL-1β和TNF-α的表达强度也显大于窦性心律组。结论风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性房颤患心房组织IL-1β和TNF-α蛋白的表达显增加。炎症反应可能是风湿性心脏瓣膜病慢性房颤患房颤发生和维持的机制之一。     

The effects of biphasic waveform design on post-resuscitation myocardial function

OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effects of biphasic truncated exponential waveform design on survival and post-resuscitation myocardial function after prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF). BACKGROUND: Biphasic waveforms are more effective than monophasic waveforms for successful defibrillation, but optimization of energy and current levels to minimize post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction has been largely unexplored. We examined a low-capacitance waveform typical of low-energy application (low-energy biphasic truncated exponential [BTEL]; 100 microF, < or =200 J) and a high-capacitance waveform typical of high-energy application (high-energy biphasic truncated exponential [BTEH]; 200 microF, > or =200 J). METHODS: Four groups of anesthetized 40- to 45-kg pigs were investigated. After 7 min of electrically induced VF, a 15-min resuscitation attempt was made using sequences of up to three defibrillation shocks followed by 1 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Animals were randomized to BTEL at 150 J or 200 J or to BTEH at 200 J or 360 J. RESULTS: Resuscitation was unsuccessful in three of the five animals treated with BTEH at 200 J. All other attempts were successful. Significant therapy effects were observed for survival (p = 0.035), left ventricular ejection fraction (p < 0.001), stroke volume (p < 0.001), fractional area change (p < 0.001), cardiac output (p = 0.044), and mean aortic pressure (p < 0.001). Hemodynamic outcomes were negatively associated with energy and average current but positively associated with peak current. Peak current was the only significant predictor of survival (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Maximum survival and minimum myocardial dysfunction were observed with the low-capacitance 150-J waveform, which delivered higher peak current while minimizing energy and average current.