肝细胞肝癌循环肿瘤细胞研究进展及其在肝移植中的应用前景

肝细胞肝癌（HCC）是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,HCC的早期诊断和预后评估在肝癌治疗中具有重要意义。循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）作为HCC复发转移中的关键环节以及HCC—CTC检测的可行性,使其成为肝癌研究的前沿和热点,在肝移植术后免疫抑制状态下,CTC产生并存活下来的概率大大增加。本文就HCC-CTC与其他循环肿瘤细胞的区别、HCC—CTC检测方法和临床研究进展以及在肝癌肝移植中的应用前景进行了综述。     

Validation of 5 prediction models for acute kidney injury and its outcome after cardiac surgery procedures in Chinese patients

ObjectiveTo assess the clinical usefulness and value of the 5 models for the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI), severe AKI which renal replacement treatment was needed (RRT-AKI) and death after cardiac surgery procedures in Chinese patients. Methods One thousand and sixty - seven patients who underwent cardiac surgery procedures in the department of cardiac surgery in the Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between May 2010 and January 2011 were involved in this research. The predicting value for AKI (AKICS), RRT-AKI (Cleveland, SRI and Mehta score) and death (EURO score) after cardiac surgery procedures was evaluated by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for the calibration and area under receiver operation characteristic curve (AUROC) for the discrimination. ResultsThe incidence of AKI was 20.34%(217/1067), and 63.13% of their renal function recovered completely. The incidence of RRT-AKI was 3.56%(38/1067) and the mortality of AKI and RRT - AKI was 9.68%(21/217) and 44.73%(17/38) respectively. The total mortality was 3.28%（35/1067）. The discrimination and calibration for the prediction of AKI of AKICS were low. For the prediction of RRT-AKI, the discrimination and calibration of Cleveland score were high enough, but the predicated value was lower than the real value (1.70% vs 3.86%). The discrimination of Mehta score and the calibration of SRI were low. The discrimination and calibration for the prediction of death of EURO score was low. ConclusionAccording to the 2012 KDIGO AKI definition, none of the 5 models above is good at predicting AKI after cardiac surgery procedures. Cleveland score has been validated to have a proper impact on predicting RRT-AKI after cardiac surgery procedures, but the predicting value is still in doubt. EURO score has been validated to have an inaccurate predicting value for death after cardiac surgery procedures.     

Decreased lymphocyte and increased monocyte count in peripheral blood is associated with cardiovascular disease and one - year mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between peripheral white blood cell count including its subtypes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and one-year all-cause mortality in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. MethodsA total of 371 MHD patients at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University between March 2009 and February, 2011 were enrolled. Demographic, hematological, nutritional and inflammatory markers were obtained. All patients were followed for one year to investigate the risks for CVD event and mortality. Spearman correlation and linear regression were used to assess the relationship between white blood cell count and other laboratory parameters. Difference in categorical factors between two groups were determined with Chi-square test, Difference in continuous values between two groups were assessed with t test. Kaplan - Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards model were applied to assess one-year mortality predictors. ResultsPatients with CVD event had lower lymphocyte count level (1.17±0.38 vs 1.34±0.51, P＜0.05) and higher monocyte count level (0.44 ± 0.15 vs 0.37 ± 0.15, P＜0.01) than those without CVD event. Cox proportional hazard regression showed that an increased lymphocyte count was associated with reduced mortality risk, 95%CI: 0.136-0.719, P＜0.01) and that an increased monocyte count was associated with increased mortality risk, 95% CI: 2.657 - 74.396, P＜0.01) after adjustment for hsCRP. ConclusionDecreased lymphocyte level and increased monocyte level are significantly related to CVD event and are independent predictors of increased one - year all - cause mortality risk in MHD patients.     

小鼠肝脏持续低灌注模型的建立及其对热缺血再灌注损伤的耐受性

目的 建立一种稳定的小鼠肝脏持续低灌注模型,并在此基础上研究肝脏持续低灌注对小鼠肝脏热缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 选用6～8周龄C57BL/6小鼠建模,将门静脉缩窄至1 mL注射器针头直径,门静脉缩窄后3d、7d、14d和21 d行肝功能及肝脏组织病理学检测;选用稳定的模型小鼠行70％缺血再灌注手术,再灌注3h、24 h、48 h后行肝功能及肝脏组织病理学检测.对照组采用正常C57BL/6小鼠行缺血再灌注手术.结果 小鼠门静脉缩窄术后,丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)均有不同程度的升高,在7d时达到高峰[ALT:(60.8±6.2)U/L vs (25.5±2.8) U/L,P＜0.001;AST:(74.9±6.1)U/L vs (39.1±3.2) U/L,P＜0.001),同时H-E染色显示7d时肝细胞损伤最重,并且有较多炎细胞浸润;在21 d时,ALT基本恢复正常水平(P＞0.05),而AST仍高于正常水平(P=0.03).低灌注处理7d的小鼠进行缺血再灌注手术后,肝酶和组织病理学检查显示肝细胞损伤较对照组显著加重,肝酶在再灌注3h达到高峰[ALT:(8 217.0±1 111.8) U/L vs(5 597.4±1 015.3) U/L,P=0.004;AST:(8 548.2±1 155.4)U/L vs(5 765.4±956.9)U/L,P=0.003];再灌注48 h时,对照组小鼠ALT和AST均恢复正常,而经过低灌注处理的小鼠肝酶仍高于对照组[ALT:(608.8±442.9)U/L vs (47.4±20.1)U/L,P=0.008;AST:(861.8±442.8)U/L vs (70.8±68.3)U/L,P=0.008).结论 成功建立了稳定的小鼠肝脏持续低灌注模型,经持续低灌注处理后的肝脏对热缺血再灌注损伤的耐受能力显著降低,这在一定程度上能够模拟临床上心死亡器官捐献供肝的状况.     

The Association of Maternal Body Composition and Dietary Intake with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during the Second Trimester in a Cohort of Chinese Pregnant Women

Objective To investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks’ gestation (WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity. Results Age, pre-pregnant body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FMP), extracellular water (ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass (FFM), muscular mass (MM), and intracellular water (ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM. Conclusion Maternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity.     

下肢动脉疾病数据管理平台构建

分析传统随访工作现状和不足,从具体需求、功能特点、技术方案等方面阐述下肢动脉疾病数据管理平台设计与构建,指出该平台有助于提高随访率,促进医患间建立良好的随访关系,为科研工作开展提供支持。     

微小RNA － 126 与冠心病发生发展关系的研究进展

微小RNA( miRNAs) 是一类高度保守的内源性非编码小分子单链RNA,能通过特异性识别靶基因
mRNA,在翻译水平调节基因表达,从而调节细胞分化、生长发育、增殖与凋亡、激素分泌等各种过程。现已经发
现多种miRNA,其中微小RNA － 126( miR－ 126) 主要存在于血管内皮细胞和血小板当中,与血管的生成、发育、
修复功能密切相关,与高血压、冠心病、心力衰竭等心血管疾病密切相关。其中,冠心病即将成为危害全人类健
康的头号致死杀手,其诊断和治疗备受关注。本文就miR－ 126 在冠心病发生发展过程中的作用进行系统综述。     

IgG4相关性疾病临床病理学特征分析

目的：探讨IgG4相关性疾病的病理学形态、免疫表型特征。方法观察12例IgG4相关性疾病的镜下特点,结合免疫组化EnVision两步法染色检测IgG、IgG4、CD138、CD34的表达,分析IgG4相关性疾病的病理学形态特征。结果 IgG4相关性疾病主要表现为组织弥漫性纤维化;伴大量淋巴细胞、浆细胞浸润,围绕血管神经分布;闭塞性静脉炎形成,免疫组化EnVision两步法染色IgG4阳性浆细胞与IgG阳性浆细胞比例>40%。结论 IgG4相关性疾病临床特点和影像学无特异性,易误诊为肿瘤,术前血清IgG4检测可作为疑似病例的首选方法。