胫骨干骨折带锁髓内钉固定和钢板螺钉固定的对比研究

目的：对照回顾性分析带锁髓内钉和钢板内固定两种方法治疗胫骨干骨折的效果。方法：髓内钉组32例（35处骨折）,根据AO分型,42A型11处,42B型18处,42C型6处;钢板组42例（45处骨折）,42A型10处,42B型22处,42C型13处。平均伤后手术时间在髓内钉和钢板组分别为3d和3.5d。随访评估患者手术时间,活动度,愈合时间,术后并发症之间的差别。结果：术后平均随访13个月（8～26个月）。髓内钉组平均手术时间为84min,钢板螺钉组平均为93min。髓内钉组踝关节平均背屈度为13°（0°～20°）,钢板组为11°（0°～20°）;跖屈分别为41°（30°～50°）,47°（30°～50°）。愈合时间髓内钉组平均为3.3个月,钢板螺钉平均为3.5个月。术后X线片显示髓内钉固定有1例出现旋转畸形,钢板组有3例出现成角畸形,均为胫骨远端1/3骨折。结论：在治疗胫骨骨折方面,带锁髓内钉和钢板内固定两种方法都可以取得理想的效果。     

后腹腔镜治疗肾上腺肿瘤35例临床分析

目的总结后腹腔镜技术治疗肾上腺肿瘤的临床经验.方法采用后腹腔镜切除肾上腺肿瘤35例,男12例,女23例.年龄25岁～72岁,平均49.8岁.左侧15例,右侧20例.其中嗜铬细胞瘤5例,原发性醛固酮增多症10,柯兴氏病2例,神经节细胞瘤2例,无功能性腺瘤16例.腰部取3个套管针穿刺入路,用自制的水囊扩张器扩张后腹腔,用超声刀将肿瘤切除.结果 35例手术均成功,无中转开放手术病例.术中出血量10～500 ml,平均74 ml.病人均未输血.手术时间45～200 min,平均90 min.结论后腹腔镜手术切除肾上腺肿瘤手术效果确切,手术时间短,术中出血少,损伤小,术后恢复快,可以替代绝大多数肾上腺肿瘤开放手术.     

Pituitary adenomas: Trans‐sphenoidal experience of 300 cases

Objective: The main aim of the present study was to examine the effectiveness and complication rate of the 1 cm right‐sided unilateral sublabial trans‐sphenoidal surgery for patients with pituitary adenoma equal to or greater than 5 mm in diameter. Method: A total of 350 patients were surgically treated for pituitary adenomas between December 1999 and December 2003 in an academic neurosurgical unit in China. Three hundred patients (86%) were treated with the 1‐cm right‐sided unilateral sublabial trans‐sphenoidal approach. The mean age of patients was 43 years (range 10–78 years) and female patients accounted for 59% of the total. One hundred and ninety‐six (64%) patients had functioning endocrine tumours and 104 (36%) patients had non‐functioning tumours or macroadenomas. Tumours which were outside this simple and basic classification were excluded from the study. Results: There were no operative mortalities. One patient developed hypopituitarism and 16 (5%) developed transient diabetes insipidus that required pituitrin treatment. The remission rate for macroadenoma was 85% and that for microadenoma was 98.5% during a medium term follow‐up of 1–5 years. One hundred and fifteen patients had prolactin secreting tumours and 90.4% achieved endocrine remission. Fifty‐six patients had growth hormone secreting tumours and 75.4% achieved endocrine remission. Preoperatively, one hundred and fifty‐one patients presented with visual impairment and 148 (98%) achieved a documented improvement in visual acuity. The mean duration of hospital stay was 4 days (range 3–7 days). Conclusion: This minimally invasive trans‐sphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas could be used as the primary treatment for small pituitary tumours. The effectiveness of the tumour removal and low morbidity rate compare favourably with the conventional sublabial approach as well as the more recently developed endoscopic endonasal approaches.     

十字花科蔬菜提取物抗肿瘤作用的研究

研究了十字花科蔬菜提取物6320（主要含异硫氰酸酯）的抗肿瘤活性。体外实验应用MTT法、观察细胞形态、测定细胞生长曲线、流式细胞仪分析细胞凋亡及细胞周期观察提取物6320对不同肿瘤细胞生长的影响。并通过建立小鼠B16实体瘤模型来考察提取物6320的体内抗肿瘤作用。结果表明提取物6320在体内外均可明显抑制肿瘤的生长及增殖,并诱导细胞凋亡,但有可能对机体的免疫系统造成一定的影响。     

A female case with Down syndrome and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder

Although the prevalence of a learned voiding dysfunction and non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder (NNB), which is one type of dysfunctional elimination syndrome, is considered to be relatively rare, the association of NNB with Down syndrome (DS) has been elucidated in male patients. We herein describe the occurrence of NNB in an adult female with DS. The diagnosis was confirmed after completely ruling out any neurological or anatomical anomalies that could be related to a lower urinary tract dysfunction. She had renal dysfunction and multiple obstructive uropathies for which clean intermittent catheterization was successfully introduced.     

Liver and lung resection for colorectal metastasis

Aim: To examine the survival benefit of liver and lung resection for colorectal metastasis and the potential prognostic factors that affect patient survival. Methods: All patients who had resection of lung or liver metastasis for colorectal metastasis in Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong from 1995 to 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. The overall and disease‐free survival was analysed, in particularly between liver and lung metastasis. All factors that may have affected the survival were entered into Cox's proportional hazards regression model to identify significant variables associated with survival. Results: At 5 years, the overall survival of patients who had resection of lung and liver metastasis was 44% and 38%, respectively; the disease‐free survival was 26% and 24%, respectively. Overall and disease‐free survival of patients with resection of lung metastasis was comparable to those with resection of liver metastasis. The differentiations of primary tumour and time to metastasis were shown to be significant prognostic factors influencing overall survival. Those patients with systemic chemotherapy after resection of colorectal metastasis demonstrated a significantly higher probability of overall survival. Conclusion: Resection of lung and liver metastases from colorectal origin was safe and both procedures improved survival. The use of chemotherapy after resection of metastasis significantly improved the overall survival.     

25例垂体ACTH腺瘤的临床分析

目的分析和探讨垂体促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)腺瘤的临床特点和治疗方法。方法回顾性分析从2004年1月至2006年3月在我院接受治疗的25例垂体ACTH腺瘤患者的临床特点、治疗经过及预后。结果垂体ACTH腺瘤患者的临床症状和肿瘤的大小密切相关,微腺瘤(直径≤10 mm)患者以Cushing综合症征为主要临床表现,而大腺瘤(直径>10 mm)患者则以压迫症状为主。有无Cushing综合征的表现和腺瘤的直径呈负相关(P<0.05)。本组25例垂体ACTH腺瘤中21例具有侵袭性。垂体ACTH腺瘤患者主要以育后女性为主。该病首次经蝶手术后近期疗效显著。结论垂体ACTH大腺瘤以压迫症状为主,微腺瘤则以Cushing综合征表现为主。该肿瘤大多数具有侵袭性倾向,育后女性是高危人群。经蝶显微手术是垂体ACTH腺瘤的首选治疗方法。     

老年人脑卒中后抑郁症的发病机制及预防

[目的]探讨脑卒中后老年患者抑郁症的发病机制及预防措施。[方法]归纳相关资料,对命题进行分析。[结论]医护人员应采取针对性的用药及护理措施,预防患者卒中后抑郁症的发生。     

组织扩张术皮肤胶原的代谢改变

目的：研究常规扩张（ＩＴＥ）和持续快速扩张（ＣＴＥ）对皮肤胶原代谢的影响。方法用白色小家猪制作组织扩张术动物模型，用Ｇｏｒｄｅｌａｄｚｅ法测定血清和扩张组织的羟脯氨酸（ＨＰ）含量，藻酸盐印模材膜片法测量标记区面积；光镜测量真皮厚度。结果：ＩＴＥ组血清ＨＰ含量升高，０．８倍，ＣＴＥ组升高１．２倍，ＩＴＥ和ＣＴＥ组皮肤含量与正常皮肤相同，组织中ＨＰ总量均明显升高，持续扩张皮瓣组（ＣＴＥＦ）术后４ｗｋ皮     

综合医院心理咨询情况分析

目的：分析10年前后综合医院心理门诊咨询资料，探讨咨询变化特点。方法：应用统计学方法分析1984年1月－1987年12月和1998年1月－2001年12月行心理咨询者2647例。结果：不属于心理疾病，为解决各种心理问题咨询者较10年前明显上升，（55．8％，P＜0．05），其中学生人数显著增加（20．7％，P＜0．05）；咨询问题中各类神经症是首要问题。情绪，婚姻，人际交往问题呈快速上升趋势（P＜0．05）。结论：与10年前相比，人们的自身心理保健意识增强，主动寻求心理咨询者增多。