对中国药典诺氟沙星对照品在不同溶媒中的稳定性研究

目的：考察不同溶媒配制的诺氟沙星对照品溶液能否保存。方法：用紫外分光光度法分别对5℃放置的使用不同溶媒的对照品溶液在0d、10d、20d、30d、40d测定最大吸收波长、吸收值。结果；以0．4％NaOH溶液为溶媒的诺氟沙星对照液于5℃放置40d，最大吸收波长、吸收值均未发生变化（无显著性差异P＞0．05）。而以pH4.0醛酸缓冲液、pH7．4磷酸盐缓冲液为溶媒的两种对照液5℃放置40d，最大吸收波长未发生变化，但吸收值明显降低（有显著性差异P＜0．05）。结论：用0．4％NaOH溶液配制的诺氟沙星对照品溶液在适宜的条件下（5℃，避光密闭）保存，40d内是稳定的，可继续使用。而用pH4．0醋酸缓冲注和pH7．4磷酸盐缓冲液配制的诺氟沙星对照品溶液则不能保存使用，必须临用新配。     

高等医学院校医学化学教材改革的几点思考

医学的发展已进入分子水平，医学生必须具有扎实的化学基础才能适应专业学习及临床、科研工作的需要。现行医学化学教材大多沿用几十年前的模式，部分内容陈旧滞后，实用性不强。面对现实，改革势在必行。我们认为，突出重点、注重实用、体现医学特色应作为改革的方向。     

Targeting of "T" lymphocytes against human hepatoma cells by a bispecific monoclonal antibody: role of different lymphocyte subsets.

In an attempt to construct bispecific monoclonal antibodies (bimAbs) able to target cytotoxic T lymphocytes against human hepatoma cells, an HGPRT-deficient mutant of the Hepama-6 hybridoma, which produces an antihuman-hepatoma mAb, was directly fused with splenocytes from Balb/C mice immunized by a polyclonal cytotoxic T-cell line. Hybrid hybridomas were selected in HAT medium, and their supernatants were directly screened for the ability to induce IL-2-cultured cytotoxic T lymphocytes to kill hepatoma cells in a 51Cr-release assay. The selected hybrid hybridoma, termed DQ-33, secretes a bimAb, which reacts with a CD3-associated determinant. When resting peripheral-blood lymphocytes were used as effector cells, virtually no cytolytic activity could be induced by DQ-33, whereas phytohemagglutinin-activated lymphocytes that had been expanded in vitro in IL-2-containing medium could be efficiently targeted against hepatoma cells. Targeting by DQ-33 bimAb was analyzed on different subsets of IL-2-cultured lymphocytes. It was evident that CD+4-8+ TCR alpha/beta+ and CD3+4-8-TCR gamma/delta+ lymphocytes were efficiently induced by bimAb to lyse human hepatoma cells, whereas no induction of cytolysis could be observed when CD3 + 4 + 8-TCR alpha/beta+ cells were used as effectors. DQ-33 bimAb was also able to induce lymphokine secretion (IL-2, GM-CSF and TNF-alpha) by all the different subsets of lymphocytes analyzed in the presence of target cells expressing the relevant antigen, independent of the expression of cytolytic activity.     

人参茎叶总皂甙对实验性小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质损伤的影响

本文采用小鼠精原细胞姐妹染色单体互换（ＳＣＥ）实验方法，研究了人参茎叶总皂甙（ＧＮＳ）对丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）引起的小鼠精原细胞遗传物质损伤的影响。结果表明，ＧＮＳ不能诱发小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ，而且在腹腔注射ＭＭＣ的同时给予ＧＮＳ，可使ＭＭＣ诱发的小鼠精原细胞ＳＣＥ频率明显降低。为此，我们认为ＧＮＳ对小鼠生殖细胞遗传物质具有保护作用。     

维胺酯-β-环糊精包合物的研究

应用３因素８水平的均匀设计方法，优化出维胺酯－β－环糊精包合物最佳制备条件，所得包合物的包合率为９９．３％，其表观稳定常数为１３９４Ｍ－１．     

Point mutation in the parkin gene on patients with Parkinson’s disease

Summary To investigate the distribution of possible novel mutations from parkin gene in variant subset of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in China and explore whether parkin gene plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PD, 70 patients were divided into early-onset group and late-onset group; 70 healthy subjects were included as controls. Genomic DNA from 70 normal controls and from those of PD patients were extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes by using standard procedures. Mutations of parkin gene (exon 1–12) in all the subjects were screened by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), and further sequencing was performed in the samples with abnormal SSCP results, in order to confirm the mutation and its location. A new missense mutation Gly284Arg in a patient and 3 abnormal bands in SSCP electrophoresis from samples of another 3 patients were found. All the DNA variants were sourced from the samples of the patients with early-onset PD. It was concluded that Parkin point mutation also partially contributes to the development of early-onset Parkinson’s disease in Chinese. WANG Tao, male, born in 1961, Associate Professor This work was supported by grants from the key program of the special scientific project of Scientific & Technologic Agency of Hubei Province (Serial No. 2001AA308B01) and the Hygienic Research Project of Hygienic Agency of Hubei province (Serial No. WJ 01529).     

超声热疗临床应用的研究

目的：通过超声热疗配合常规放疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的临床研究，评价超声热疗的疗效及与疗效有关的加热参数。材料和方法： 对１７ 例晚期恶性肿瘤的１７ 个病灶用常规放疗加超声热疗。放疗用直线加速器外照射，每次２ Ｇｙ、周５ 次， 总剂量４０～７０ Ｇｙ。热疗在放疗后３０ ｍ ｉｎ 内进行，每周加热１～２ 次，每次加温时间 ６０ ｍ ｉｎ，６～８ 次一疗程。全例病人每次加温时实测肿瘤内温度。结果：在可评价的１３例中，ＣＲ ２３．１％ （３／１３）、ＰＲ ４６．２％ （６／１３）、ＮＣ ２３．１％ （３／１３）、ＰＤ ７．７％ （ １／１３） ， 有效率（ＣＲ＋ ＰＲ）为６９．３％ 。肿瘤中心部温度达到４２．５℃以上的累积时间和总加热次数是决定疗效的重要参数。在１７ 例患者的 ８９ 次加温中，副作用的发生率相对较低。结论：使用超声热疗配合放疗，只要实现满负荷加温，进一步提高肿瘤的局部控制率是完全可能的     

Glomus tumours of the hand and foot

Summary. Between 1982 and 1991 we treated 48 patients with a glomus tumour in the hand or foot. There were 42 women and 6 men, aged between 14 and 61 years. Forty-five tumours were in the subungual region and 41 were on the anterolateral aspect of a distal phalanx. The lesions presented with a classic triad of pain, tenderness and sensitivity to temperature, particularly cold. Excision of the tumour was curative.

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Resumé. Entre 1982 et 1991, 48 patients présentant une tumeur glomique de la main et du pied ont été traités dans notre département. Il y avait 42 femmes et 6 hommes, agés de 14 à 61 ans (moyenne 38 ans). 45 tumeurs étaient en situation sous-inguéale et 41 en situation latéro-palmaire de la phalange distale. 44 se situaient au niveau de la main et 4 au niveau du gros orteil. Ces lésions sont souvent non palpables fréquemment invisibles et habituellement indétectables à la radiographie. Cependant, le diagnostic est assez facile, lorsqu’existe la triade symptomatique: douleur, tumefaction molle et sensibilité au froid. L’excision complète après dissection soigneuse est le traitement adéquate. Le suivi des 48 malades a toujours montré une guérison complète.

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Accepted: 21 May 1996     

82例高血压患者16项人格特质测验

研究目的应用卡特尔16项人格特质测验探讨原发性高血压患者的人格特征。研究背景高血压病是危害人类健康的常见病之一，发病率逐年上升，但其病因至今尚未阐明，故有必要从心理、人格方面来探讨高血压的发病原因，以利于高血压病的防治。研究方法本文对82例均由2名以上内科医师确诊为原发性高血压、且现在高压仍保持在20／12．7kPa以上的患者进行卡特尔16项人格特质测验，并与78例人群对照分析。结果高血压患者在C－稳定性、E－峙强性、Q－紧张性以及在双重人格因素类型中的适应与焦虑方面与正常对照组有显著差异（P＜0．05）。结论心理－社会因素是促使高血压发生的重要因素，它对高血压病因的阐明有重要意义，同时也使我们越来越重视运用心理、行为疗法，如生物反馈、各种松驰疗法等去防治高血压。     

烟雾病11例临床分析

自１９８５年至今，我院收治１１例经脑血管造影诊断的烟雾病患者。按照日本厚生省本病诊断标准，９例为确诊病例，表现为双侧颈内动脉末端、前动脉、中动脉起始部狭窄或闭塞，其中６例在双侧颅底可见烟雾状异常血管网，３例见单侧血管网；２例为可疑病例，仪表现为单侧上述异常改变。强调应严格烟雾病的诊断。本组采用颞浅动脉一硬膜脑贴敷术治疗患者１例，效果良好，结合日本该病治疗现状讨论，间接血行再建方法仍不失为烟雾病患者的合理治疗方法。