氯沙坦与卡维地洛合参麦注射液治疗老年缺血性心脏病心衰41例临床观察

1999年 8月～ 2 0 0 2年 9月 ,我们应用氯沙坦 (默沙东制药有限公司生产 )、卡维地洛 (齐鲁制药厂生产 )和参麦注射液(正大青春宝药业有限公司生产 )联合治疗老年缺血性心脏病心衰患者 4 1例 ,观察其临床疗效 ,取得了满意的效果 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　病例选择　 1999年 8月～ 2 0 0 2年 9月期间的 80例老年慢性缺血性心脏病患者随机分成治疗组和对照组。治疗组 :男 2 4例 ,女 17例 ,平均年龄 (6 9.5± 8.6 )岁 ;对照组 :男2 1例 ,女 18例 ,平均年龄 (6 8.2± 9.5 )岁。全部患者均符合下列条件 :(1)心衰常规治疗≥ 3个月 ;(2 )既…     

肿瘤抗原MAGE-n HLA-A2限制性细胞毒性T细胞表位的预测及合成鉴定

目的　采用表位重建技术 ,对预测MAGE n抗原HLA A2限制性CTL表位结合活性进行研究。方法　用SYFPEITHI超基序法远程预测系统和量化基序多项式法结合的预测方法 ,筛选新的MAGE n抗原HLA A2限制性CTL表位作为候选表位。对预测的抗原表位进行多肽合成 ,并用HPLC进行纯化 ,质谱法 (MS)鉴定。候选表位与HLA A2位点的亲和力及结合稳定性用竞争结合抑制实验、T2结合稳定性实验及MHC 肽复合体稳定性实验测定。结果　用表位预测法筛选MAGE n抗原 5个HLA A2限制性CTL表位为候选表位。QLVFGIEVV(15 9 16 7)、IMPKTGFLI(195 2 0 3)和FLIIVLVMI(2 0 1 2 0 9) 3个表位具有较高的HLA A2结合力 (IC50 <15 μM)和结合稳定性 (DT5 0 >6h) ,可作为MAGE n抗原HLA A2限制性CTL候选表位进行进一步研究。结论　表位预测结合表位重建方法可提高肿瘤抗原CTL表位研究的效率。MAGE n抗原HLA A2限制性CTL表位经免疫学鉴定后 ,可望用于新型肝癌治疗性多肽疫苗的设计研究 ,为临床肝癌特异性治疗奠定基础。     

Improved control on the morphology and LSPR properties of plasmonic Pt NPs through enhanced solid state dewetting by using a sacrificial indium layer

Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs) are important nano-material components in various catalytic, photonic and electronic applications, yet face challenges in the fabrication of desired morphology and uniformity with the conventional solid-state dewetting approach. Specifically, the necessity of high annealing temperatures, typically above 800 °C due to the low diffusivity of Pt atoms, limits the morphological and functional tunability of Pt NPs. In this work, the fabrication of Pt NPs with an improved configuration, spacing and uniformity is demonstrated through the enhancement of solid state dewetting by using a sacrificial indium (In) layer on sapphire (0001). The well-defined Pt NPs demonstrate the dynamic localized surface plasmon (LSPR) bands in the visible range between ∼400 and 700 nm depending on the size and spacing of NPs. The LSPR peak intensity and width are also varied depending on the uniformity of Pt NPs. The overall dewetting magnitude is significantly enhanced through the inter-mixing of In and Pt atoms at the In/Pt interface that eventually results in the formation of an In–Pt alloy. During the dewetting process the In atoms desorb from the NP matrix by atomic sublimation, which gives rise to pure Pt NP fabrication. In sharp contrast to the pure Pt film dewetting, the Pt NPs in this approach demonstrate significantly improved spatial arrangement with well-defined configuration and uniformity. In addition, the ratio of In can be readily controlled along with the thickness of the Pt layer to alter the dewetting kinetics and thereby the surface morphology of Pt NPs. Specifically, large hexagonal, semi-spherical and small hexagonal Pt NPs are obtained through the dewetting of In_{75 nm}/Pt_{25 nm}, In_{20 nm}/Pt_{20 nm} and In_{2.5 nm}/Pt_{7.5 nm} bilayers respectively.

Fabrication of Pt NPs with the improved configuration, spacing, uniformity and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) response is demonstrated.     

碱性成纤维生长因子在膀胱移行细胞癌中的免疫组化研究

目的：探讨碱性成纤维生长因子（bFGF）在磅脱移行细胞癌（BTCC）中表达的意义。方法：应用免疫组化ABC法对33例BTCC及12例正常膀胱组织中bFGF抗原进行检测。结果：bFGF在正常移行细胞呈阴性表达．在肿瘤细胞、血管内皮细胞、肌细胞中呈阳性表达,且在肿瘤细胞中的过表达率与不同病理分级、临床分期密切相关（P＜0．05）,在单发与多发,初发与复发组间无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。结论：bFGF在BTCC浸润转移过程中起重要作用,可为综合治疗提供新途径。     

姜黄素对CCl4所致急性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用及其机制研究*

目的 观察姜黄素对四氯化碳（CCl₄）所致急性肝损伤大鼠的保护作用,并研究其作用机制。方法 将60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、水飞蓟素组（100 mg.kg^-1）和大、中、小剂量姜黄素组（100、50和25 mg.kg^-1）,每组10只。建模成功后隔日给药灌胃,共30 d。取下腔静脉血和肝组织,分别检测血清乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和前列腺素E2（PGE2）水平,采用Bio-Rad公司试剂盒检测肝组织匀浆白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）和环氧合酶-2（COX-2）水平。结果 对照组大鼠肝小叶结构完整清晰,肝细胞无坏死及脂肪变性,模型组肝组织损伤明显,经姜黄素处理肝组织炎性细胞浸润减少,肝组织损伤有不同程度的减轻;模型组大鼠血清LDH水平为（6458.00±423.72）IU/L,PEG2水平为（130.02±4.30）pg/ml,显著高于对照组[（1375.00±67.45） IU/L和（51.27±0.86）pg/ml,P<0.001],而各剂量姜黄素处理组和水飞蓟素组均可显著降低大鼠血清LDH和PGE2 水平（P<0.05）; 模型组大鼠肝组织匀浆IL-6、TNF-α和COX-2水平显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,而大中小剂量姜黄素处理组和水飞蓟素处理组肝组织IL-6、TNF-α和COX-2水平显著低于模型组（P<0.05）。结论 姜黄素对CCl4所致大鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能是抑制了IL-6、TNF-α、COX-2和PGE2等炎性细胞因子的释放。     

Prediction of HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitope specific to HCC by SYFPEITHI combined with polynomial method

AIM: To predict the HLA-A2-restricted CTL epitopes of tumor antigens associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: MAGE-1, MAGE-3, MAGE-8, P53 and AFP were selected as objective antigens in this study for the close association with HCC. The HLA-A*0201 restricted CTL epitopes of objective tumor antigens were predicted by SYFPEITHI prediction method combined with the polynomial quantitative motifs method. The threshold of polynomial scores was set to -24. RESULTS: The SYFPEITHI prediction values of all possible nonamers of a given protein sequence were added together and the ten high-scoring peptides of each protein were chosen for further analysis in primary prediction. Thirty-five candidates of CTL epitopes (nonamers) derived from the primary prediction results were selected by analyzing with the polynomial method and compared with reported CTL epitopes. CONCLUSION: The combination of SYFPEITHI prediction method and polynomial method can improve the prediction efficiency and accuracy. These nonamers may be useful in the design of therapeutic peptide vaccine for HCC and as immunotherapeutic strategies against HCC after identified by immunology experiment.     

A comparative study of bone to bone repair and bone to tendon healing in patella-patellar tendon complex in rabbits

OBJECTIVES: To study the healing quality of bone to bone and bone to tendon repair in a patella-patellar tendon complex. DESIGN: In vivo animal experiment in 60 mature 32-week-old female rabbits. BACKGROUND: Injuries of patella-patellar tendon complex are not uncommon. However, no studies are available to compare the healing quality between bone to bone and bone to tendon surgical reconstructions used for repair of patella-patellar tendon complex. METHODS: A standard transverse osteotomy was performed at the distal one-third of patella of one hindlimb. Both patellar fragments were reattached for bone to bone group while the patellar tendon was reattached to the remaining patella after removing the distal one-third of patella for bone to tendon group. Patella-patellar tendon complex was harvested at 8, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively for biomechanical and histological evaluations, with n=8 and n=2 at each healing time points in both groups. The contralateral knee served as a control. RESULTS: No significant differences in the failure loads were found between two groups. However, greater ultimate stress was found in bone to bone group as compared with bone to tendon group at week 8 and 24 (both P<0.05). On average, the ultimate stress of the bone to tendon and bone to bone group only reached 20.6(4.2)% and 28.6(6.7)% of the control values at week 24, respectively. The discrepancy between findings in failure load and failure stress might be explained by an overall larger cross-sectional area of the healing interface in bone to tendon group as compared with bone to bone group. Histology revealed that the bone to bone healing was via endochondral ossification at the healing interface. In bone to tendon group, extensive scar tissue was formed to overbridge the healing interface and remodeled with healing over time. The structural integration at the tendon and bony healing interface was poor and no typical intermitted fibrocartilage zone as seen in normal bone to tendon junction was formed. CONCLUSION: Failure load of bone to bone and bone to tendon healing interface did not differ during repair of patella-patellar tendon complex. However, the healing interface of bone to bone repair in terms of material properties as reflected by failure stress was superior to that of the bone to tendon healing. RELEVANCE: The findings of this experimental study may suggest that the anatomical reconstruction of patella-patellar tendon complex injury may be the primary concern in decision making for selecting either bone to bone or bone to tendon repair. However whenever possible, to initial fracture (bone-to-bone) fixation for ensuring better and predictable repair at the healing interface.     

伴裂隙征的骨质疏松椎体骨折椎体强化后骨水泥分布模式

背景：伴真空裂隙征骨质疏松椎体骨折患者经皮椎体后凸成形治疗后的骨水泥分布模式对疗效是否有影响,国内尚未见相关报道。 目的：观察伴真空裂隙征骨质疏松椎体骨折患者经皮椎体后凸成形治疗后两种骨水泥分布模式的临床疗效。 方法：回顾性分析2008年2月至 2011年11月行经皮椎体后凸成形治疗61例伴真空裂隙征骨质疏松椎体骨折患者的临床资料。测量椎体高度恢复、后凸角矫正情况,记录骨水泥注入量、骨水泥渗漏分布及邻近椎体骨折等并发症情况,以目测类比评分评估腰背部疼痛的程度,Oswestry功能障碍指数评估活动功能受限程度。 结果与结论：根据椎体内骨水泥分布的X射线或CT表现分为团块状组29例和海绵状组32例。团块状组骨水泥注射量(5.20±0.62) mL,海绵状组骨水泥注射量(4.80±0.66) mL,组间比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。患者均获得16个月以上的随访,两组治疗后3 d及末次随访时目测类比评分、Oswestry功能障碍指数较治疗前明显降低(P < 0.05),海绵状组同期疼痛缓解明显优于团块状组(P < 0.05)。两组治疗后3 d及末次随访时前缘及中线椎体高度、后凸角较治疗前明显恢复(P < 0.05),团块状组同期在影像学指数恢复上优于海绵状组(P < 0.05)。继发相邻椎体骨折发生率团块状组为14%,海绵状组为6%,组间比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。在漏渗率方面团块状组为17%,海绵状组为25%,组间比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。结果可见海绵状骨水泥分布比团块状分布模式更能有效稳定地缓解疼痛,改善患者生活质量,但漏渗率更高。团块状分布模式比海绵状分布模式更能恢复椎体的高度,治疗后继发相邻椎体的骨折发生率更高。     

Clinical significance of nucleophosmin/B23 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu expressions in gastric cancers

The aim of the study was to investigate the expression levels of ‘NPM’/nucleophosmin/B23 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her‐2)/neu in gastric cancer (GC) and corresponding non‐malignant tissues, correlation with their clinicopathological parameters and the relationship of nucleophosmin/B23 and Her‐2/neu in the occurrence and development of GC. A total of 131 postoperative patients were examined for nucleophosmin/B23 expression by immuno‐histochemistry and for Her‐2/neu expression by fluorescence in situ hybridization with the median follow‐up period of 38 months. The positive expression rates of nucleophosmin (NPM) in neoplastic tissues and adjacent gastric mucosa were 65.6% and 52.7%, respectively. Nucleophosmin/B23 levels were linked to more advanced tumor stages, poor prognosis, and likelihood of recurrence (p < 0.05). The Cox multivariate analysis indicated that the nucleophosmin/B23 expression was an independent indicator for tumor recurrence (p = 0.011). Of the total GC specimens 12.21% were positive for Her‐2/neu, but whose expression was of no correlation with patients' survival. Patients who were positive for Her‐2/neu also had high NPM expression levels (p = 0.0303). The results suggest that nucleophosmin/B23 is a favorable prognostic indicator for GC. But Her‐2/neu has no relationship with the prognosis of GC. The combined clinical significance of nucleophosmin/B23 and Her‐2/neu remains to be further investigated.     

Orexins in the midline thalamus are involved in the expression of conditioned place aversion to morphine withdrawal

Previous studies have implicated the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, central nucleus of the amygdala and the shell of the nucleus accumbens (collectively called the extended amygdala) as playing an important role in mediating the aversive emotion associated with opioid withdrawal. The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) provides a very dense input to the extended amygdala, and the PVT is densely innervated by orexin neurons, which appear to be involved in producing some of the physical and emotional effects associated with morphine withdrawal. In the present study, we confirm that the PVT is densely innervated by orexin fibers, whereas the regions of the extended amygdala associated with the effects of morphine withdrawal are poorly innervated. Microinjections of the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R) antagonist SB334867 or the orexin-2 receptor (OX2R) antagonist TCSOX229 at doses of 5.0 or 15.0 μg into the PVT region did not affect the acquisition of the conditioned place aversion (CPA) nor the physical effects produced by naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. In contrast, microinjections of TCSOX229 (15.0 μg) in the PVT region significantly attenuated the expression of naloxone-induced CPA while microinjections of SB334867 at the same dose had no effect. The results from these experiments indicate a role for OX2R in the PVT on the expression of CPA associated with morphine withdrawal. Orexins may mediate the aversive effects of morphine withdrawal by engaging the extended amygdala indirectly through the action of orexins on the PVT.