骨转换指标和骨密度预测骨折危险性的可行性

背景：骨密度虽然可以诊断骨质疏松,但不能及时反映受试者正在发生的骨代谢情况;骨转换指标虽然不能诊断骨质疏松,但它可以及时反映受试个体正在发生的骨转换速率。 目的：概述骨转换指标和骨密度预测骨质疏松症的骨折危险性,从理论上分析,骨折术后愈合与否的预测方法的可行性。 方法：以bone tunrnover,biochemical marker,osteoporosis为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库(1999-01/2009-01);以骨转换,骨代谢,生化标志物,骨密度,骨质疏松,骨折为检索词,检索CNKI数据库(1999-01/2009-01)。文献检索语种限制为英文和中文。纳入与骨转换指标和骨密度预测骨折危险性的研究紧密相关的文章;排除重复文献。 结果与结论：计算机初检得到631篇文献,根据纳入排除标准,对其中31篇文献进行分析。骨质疏松症是老年人发病及死亡的主要原因之一,早期预测骨质疏松症的骨折危险性意义重大。文章介绍了长期制动后的骨代谢机制、骨生化标志物种类、骨密度测量、多细胞基本单位和 OPG-RANKL-RANK 系统在骨重建中的作用;重点介绍了国内外学者运用骨转换指标和骨密度预测骨质疏松症和长期制动后的骨折危险性,从理论上分析骨折术后愈合与否的预测方法的可行性。     

基于数据挖掘的低增生性骨髓增生异常综合征与再生障碍性贫血分类模型研究

目的 构建低增生性骨髓增生异常综合征(hypo-MDS)与再生障碍性贫血(AA)鉴别诊断的决策树、贝叶斯、卷积神经网络、改进的支持向量机四种模型并选择出最优模型.方法 收集2010-2019年华北理工大学附属医院的AA与hypo-MDS患者的病例资料,使用统计学方法筛选指标,将处理后的样本以4∶1随机分为训练集和测试集...     

神经电生理监测技术联合神经导航技术在大脑中央区病变手术中的应用

目的探讨神经电生理监测技术联合神经导航技术在大脑中央区病变手术治疗中的应用价值。方法对11例大脑中央区病变患者,在手术中选择性应用神经导航和神经电生理监测技术（头皮体感诱发电位、皮质体感诱发电位、头皮运动诱发电位、头皮直接皮质电刺激）定位功能区,显微操作下切除病灶。结果术中行神经导航8例（其中4例行基于锥体束成像的功能神经导航）;行头皮体感诱发电位监测7例,1例波幅下降,调整操作后恢复;行皮质体感诱发电位监测8例,5例能记录到位相倒置波形或主波渐变波形;行头皮运动诱发电位监测2例,直接皮层刺激共4例,1例能引发肢体运动和（或）肌电反应。病变全部切除8例,近全切除1例,大部分切除2例。术后有8例患者症状改善,3例症状无恶化,所有患者均未出现新发神经功能障碍。结论在大脑中央区病变手术中,神经电生理监测技术联合神经导航技术可精确定位病灶和重要感觉运动功能区,能有效提高手术效果,保障手术安全,减少术后神经功能缺失。     

高龄患者术后严重并发症的危险因素分析

目的 探讨高龄患者择期手术后严重并发症的危险因素。
方法 选择行骨科、妇科、胃肠外科手术的患者332例,男123例,女209例,年龄≥80岁。根据患者是否发生术后严重并发症分为两组：严重并发症组和对照组。记录一般情况、术前合并症、实验室检查、手术和麻醉情况。采用多因素Logistic回归分析术后发生严重并发症的危险因素。
结果 有43例（13.0%）患者发生术后严重并发症。与对照组比较,严重并发症组BMI和术中最低MAP值明显降低,ASA分级、改良Goldman分级、合并控制不良糖尿病比例明显升高,手术开始时间明显延迟（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示,术后严重并发症的危险因素为BMI降低（OR=1.145,95%CI 1.042～1.261,P=0.016）、ASA分级升高（OR=3.587,95%CI 1.210～10.632,P=0.021）、改良Goldman分级升高（OR=7.175,95%CI 2.355～21.861,P=0.001）、控制不良的糖尿病（OR=2.202,95%CI 1.041～4.657,P=0.039）、手术开始时间延迟（OR=2.611,95%CI 1.242～5.491,P=0.011）和术中最低MAP值降低（OR=1.068,95%CI 1.116～1.119,P=0.009）。
结论 高龄患者择期手术后严重并发症发生的独立危险因素为BMI降低、ASA分级和改良Goldman分级升高、控制不良的糖尿病、手术开始时间延迟、术中最低MAP值降低。     

阴离子交换树脂除210Bi技术在90Sr分析中的应用

目的 为了克服现有分析标准推荐的硫化铋沉淀法除铋存在的弊端,提升分析结果质量。方法 基于201×7阴离子交换树脂设计了除铋实验流程,并通过加标样品和国际原子能机构（IAEA）国际比对样品分析予以验证。结果 采用阴离子交换树脂进行除铋。在锶、钇、铋去除实验中,锶和钇的化学回收率可分别达到（98.6±0.8）%和（98.5±0.7）%,且未发现有Bi₂S₃沉淀生成;在加标土壤分析中,所得到的分析结果与理论值的相对标准偏差为-2.97%~5.94%,优于标准除铋方法的3.96%~17.80%;采用IAEA国际比对样品进行验证,⁹⁰Sr的报出值与目标值的相对标准偏差介于3.40%~7.09%,结果均可接受。结论 阴离子交换树脂对铋能够实现很好的定量去除,同时不吸附锶和钇。另外,阴离子交换树脂的除铋溶液体系与⁹⁰Sr分析时的解吸体系相同,无需转换体系即可实现快速除铋的目的。与现行标准分析方法相比,基于阴离子交换树脂定量除铋是可行的且更优,能够满足⁹⁰Sr常规分析工作需求。     

通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及对炎性因子的影响

目的:探讨通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者的疗效及对患者炎性因子的影响。方法:选取2015年3月至2017年3月邢台市第三医院收治的急性心肌梗死患者94例,随机分为观察组与对照组,各47例。对照组采用西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上结合通心络胶囊治疗。2组疗程均为14 d。比较2组治疗疗效,治疗前后心功能、炎性因子和心肌酶变化。结果:观察组总有效率(91.49%)高于对照组(72.34%)(P0.05)。2组治疗后每搏心输出量(SV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)增加而左心室收缩末期容积(LVEDV)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后SV、LVEF高于对照组而LVEDV低于对照组(P0.05)。2组治疗后肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)和白介素-6(IL-6)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后TNF-α、CRP和IL-6低于对照组(P0.05)。2组治疗后肌钙蛋白I(c Tn I)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)降低(P0.05);观察组治疗后c Tn I、CK和CK-MB低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:通心络胶囊联合西药治疗急性心肌梗死患者疗效显著,且可改善患者心功能、炎性反应和心肌酶。     

左西孟旦治疗重症冠心病所致心衰的临床疗效

  目的  重症冠心病所致心衰患者在使用左西孟旦后的疗效及其安全性分析。  方法  选择2018年1月至2020年1月期间于昆明医科大学第一附属医院住院治疗的40例冠脉弥漫性病变重症患者，基于行左西孟旦干预与否，划分出对照组（n = 20）、实验组（n = 20）。两组对象入院后皆接受抗心力衰竭（HF）常规药物干预，实验组同时结合左西孟旦应用。对两组对象药物干预后心功能参数、不良反应、心肌酶学、肝肾功能、BNP进行收集分析。  结果  对经过相应治疗后的两组展开对比分析，发现实验组心功能参数增幅明显，且相比对照组（P < 0.05），即差异有统计学意义；另实验组BNP与心肌酶学参数皆明显偏低（P < 0.05）；在干预后肝肾功能水平上，对比两组结果为（P > 0.05），即未见明显区别；在治疗期间不良反应发生率方面，对比两组发现差异无统计学意义。  结论  左西孟旦的应用，可在一定程度上改善重症冠心病患者的心衰表现与心功能，且不会影响伤及肝肾功能，不良反应少，具备临床大量应用价值。     

Circ_0008039 supports breast cancer cell proliferation,migration, invasion,and glycolysis by regulating the miR‐140‐3p/SKA2 axis

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to modulate gene expression and participate in the development of multiple malignancies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of circ_0008039 in breast cancer (BC). The expression of circ_0008039, miR‐140‐3p, and spindle and kinetochore‐associated protein 2 (SKA2) was detected by qRT‐PCR. Cell viability, colony formation, migration, and invasion were evaluated using methylthiazolyldiphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, and transwell assay, respectively. Glucose consumption and lactate production were measured using commercial kits. Protein levels of hexokinase II (HK2) and SKA2 were determined by western blot. The interaction between miR‐140‐3p and circ_0008039 or SKA2 was verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Finally, a mouse xenograft model was established to investigate the roles of circ_0008039 in BC in vivo. We found that circ_0008039 and SKA2 were upregulated in BC tissues and cells, while miR‐140‐3p was downregulated. Knockdown of circ_0008039 suppressed BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis. Moreover, miR‐140‐3p could bind to circ_0008039 and its inhibition reversed the inhibitory effect of circ_0008039 interference on proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis in BC cells. SKA2 was verified as a direct target of miR‐140‐3p and its overexpression partially inhibited the suppressive effect of miR‐140‐3p restoration in BC cells. Additionally, circ_0008039 positively regulated SKA2 expression by sponging miR‐140‐3p. Consistently, silencing circ_0008039 restrained tumor growth via increasing miR‐140‐3p and decreasing SKA2. In conclusion, circ_0008039 downregulation suppressed BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis partially through regulating the miR‐140‐3p/SKA2 axis, providing an important theoretical basis for treatment of BC.

Abbreviations

ANOVA

analysis of variance

BC

breast cancer

circRNAs

circular RNAs

DMSO

dimethyl sulfoxide

ECAR

extracellular acidification rate

ECL

enhanced chemiluminescence

FBS

fetal bovine serum

HK2

hexokinase II

MEGM

mammary epithelial growth medium

miR‐140‐3p

microRNA‐140‐3p

MTT

methylthiazolyldiphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide

PBS

phosphate‐buffered saline

PRKAR1B

protein kinase A regulatory subunit R1‐beta

SD

standard ± deviation

SKA2

spindle and kinetochore‐associated protein 2

     

Prevalence and risk factors of restless legs syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients

Objective To investigate the prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in peritoneal dialysis patients and analyze the related risk factors. Methods This study was a cross-sectional study. The patients receiving maintenance peritoneal dialysis from January 2017 to December 2017 in the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of the Second Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University were selected as the study subjects. RLS was screened for peritoneal dialysis patients by epidemiological field investigation based on the RLS diagnostic criteria of the International Restless Leg Syndrome Research Group in 2014. Clinical data and laboratory examinations of selected patients were collected and the differences of clinical indicators between RLS and non-RLS patients were compared. The risk factors related to RLS were analyzed by logistic regression. Results Seventy-six cases of RLS were screened out from 396 PD patients. The prevalence of RLS was 19.2%. Compared with non-RLS group, RLS group patients had longer dialysis age, less 24 hours urine volume, and elevated blood intact Parathormone (iPTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) (all P﹤0.05). There was no significant difference in primary disease ratio, sex, age, body mass index, blood pressure, hemoglobin, creatinine, urea nitrogen, uric acid, ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, eGFR, Kt/V, Ccr between RLS and non-RLS group patients (all P﹥0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that long dialysis age (OR=1.010, 95%CI 1.001-1.018, P=0.022) and high blood AKP (OR=1.005, 95%CI 1.001-1.010, P=0.021) were independent risk factors for RLS in peritoneal dialysis patients (both P﹤0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of RLS is high in peritoneal dialysis patients. Long dialysis age and high blood AKP are independent risk factors for RLS.     

Role of Oxalobacter formigenes in preventing calcium oxalate kidney stones

Objective To screen Oxalobacter formigenes (OxF) from fresh feces of healthy adults, and study its effect on the the prevention of calcium oxalate kidney stones. Methods OxF was screened and cultured from fresh feces of healthy adults. The rat model of calcium oxalate stone was established by esophageal gavage of 0.8% of ethylene glycol. Rats were divided into a control group and four groups of rats with ethylene glycol-induced calcium oxalate kidney stones according to random number table. Three groups were treated with 106 CFU, 107 CFU, 108 CFU viable OxF every day, respectively, for 4 weeks. The blood and 24-hour urine samples were collected to detect the serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, serum and urine calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and urine oxalate every week. At the end of the 4th week, the rats were sacrificed and the kidney tissues were stained with HE and Yasue. The deposition and content of calcium oxalate crystals were observed under a light microscope. Results The bacteria strain isolated from fresh feces of healthy adults was 100% as same as the known ATCC35274 bacteria strain, which means the strain screened is OxF. Among the 5 groups, there were no significant differences in body weight, Scr, BUN, serum calcium, blood magnesium, blood phosphorus, urinary magnesium and urinary phosphorus. The 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the model group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05). After intervention with OxF solution, the 24-hour urinary calcium excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between the other intervention groups and the model. The oxalic acid excretion of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group was lower than that of the model, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P＞0.05). The 24 h oxalic acid excretion in the 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower than that of the model at the end of first week (P＜0.05), and continued to decrease for the next 3 weeks. After 4 weeks of intervention, no crystal formation was observed in the control group under the deflection microscope, but a large amount of calcium oxalate crystals were formed in the renal cortex and renal medulla. The crystals were piled up and connected to each other. Yasue staining coincided with the calcium oxalate crystal in the same part of the kidneys. Compared with the model, there was no significant change in the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 106 CFU OxF group and 107 CFU OxF group, while the score of calcium oxalate crystal in the kidneys of 108 CFU OxF group was significantly lower (P＜0.05). Conclusions OxF are successively screened from healthy adults. Daily administration of 108 CFU OxF can safely and effectively reduce the urinary oxalic acid excretion, prevent the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and inhibit the formation of stones in kidneys of rats.